Diagnosis of gastritis during pregnancy, preventive measures. Pregnancy and chronic gastritis

Pregnancy is not smooth for all women. Gastritis often occurs initially or worsens during this period. The disease causes severe discomfort, negatively affects the psyche. In addition, with poor digestion in the mother, the fetus does not receive all nutrients for normal intrauterine growth.

Therapy for gastritis should be not only highly effective, but also as safe as possible. Treatment of gastritis during pregnancy is daunting task, since the therapeutic possibilities are somewhat limited due to the position of the woman.

When signs of acute gastritis or exacerbation of a chronic one appear, the main thing is not to self-medicate. How to properly treat gastritis during pregnancy is known only to a gastroenterologist, who, when selecting treatment regimen takes into account the types of pathology, form, degree of neglect of the inflammatory process, gestational age.

Treatment must be comprehensive and include:

diet therapy;
drug therapy;
treatment with mineral waters;
folk methods.

You can not delay a visit to the doctor, who will explain in detail how to treat various types of gastritis in pregnant women.

diet therapy

Without a strict diet, it is almost impossible to cure gastritis. Diet therapy is the most important component of complex therapy for this disease. Mandatory in acute form bed rest.

Proper dietary nutrition is as follows:

Diet food is not a hunger strike, especially during pregnancy. In full, the food should contain all the trace elements necessary for the development of the child and normal flow pregnancy.

Medical treatment

Treatment of gastritis in pregnant women has the following features: drugs are selected with care so as not to harm the fetus. Thus, the antibacterial agents Metronidazole or Tetracycline, usually prescribed to eliminate the cause of the disease - Helicobacter pylori bacteria, are contraindicated during pregnancy. Also, without extreme necessity in pregnant women with gastritis, proton pump blockers and H2-antihistamines are not used.

With severe symptoms of chronic gastritis of the hyperacid form (with increased secretion of hydrochloric acid), the following drugs will help:

With gastritis with low acidity, pregnant women are also prescribed drugs that stimulate the secretion of gastric juice:

Antiemetics - Acidin-Pepsin, Panzinorm eliminate nausea.
Multivitamin complexes - to maintain immunity. Helicobacter pylori is activated when the immune status is reduced.
Probiotics - normalize the intestinal microflora.
Enzymes - gastric juice Pancreatin, Festal compensates for the lack of acid, is used to correct disorders of the pancreas and intestines.

With inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, the digestive organs do not fully cope with the digestion of incoming food. Enzymes contribute to the breakdown of complex elements into simple ones, as a result of which the digestion process improves, and pain decreases.

With erosive gastritis, gastric and / or duodenal ulcers, antacids help, eliminating the aggressive effect of hydrochloric acid on the mucous membrane: Phosphalugel,Almagel. Antacids have an enveloping and analgesic effect. Pregnant women can take them for no more than three days, usually this is enough to relieve pain.

Treatment of gastritis while breastfeeding

Treatment of gastritis is somewhat different when breastfeeding. With mild symptoms, sparing methods are used that do not require refusal to feed:

diet therapy;
adequate sleep, rest during the daytime;
if possible, avoid nervous tension, stress;
drinking mineral water;
for pain relief, antispasmodics are selected in a dosage that will not adversely affect lactation.

Therapy with withdrawal breastfeeding for the period of treatment is necessary with a running pathological process, a pronounced pain component, insufficient effectiveness from sparing therapy. Antibacterial and enzymatic medicines, antacids, H2-antihistamines, antispasmodics, anti-inflammatory, proton pump inhibitors are prescribed.

Throughout the treatment process, a woman must express milk that is not suitable for feeding. Resume breastfeeding it is possible in 3-5 days after the end of taking all the medicines.

Mineral water treatment, physiotherapy

With increased and normal secretion of gastric juice, drinking mineral water is indicated: "Slavyanskaya", "Borjomi", "Jermuk", "Smirnovskaya". Water is consumed an hour or two after meals, 200 ml three times a day.

With a reduced secretory function, they drink "Mirgorodskaya" water, "Arzni", "Essentuki" 4, 17 half an hour before meals three times a day, 2000-300 ml. You can drink water if there is no puffiness.

Mineral water with a high concentration of salts should not be used by expectant mothers suffering from gallstone disease, pancreatitis, diarrhea. It is not recommended for pregnant women to drink artificial mineral water, because its properties differ from those of natural mineral water.

In some cases, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) is prescribed as a physiotherapeutic procedure for pregnant women with gastritis. The procedure contributes to the speedy regeneration of tissues, oxygenation of the blood, and an increase in immunity. In addition, the manifestations of toxicosis and the risk of miscarriage are reduced. HBO is good for the fetus.

Useful video

How to deal with heartburn can be found in this video.

Folk methods

Non-traditional methods of treating gastritis in pregnant women should be used after consultation with the attending physician, since there are herbs that can adversely affect the intrauterine development of the child. Independent application natural remedies, as well as pharmacological preparations is unacceptable.

St. John's wort, highlander, calamus root, chamomile, flaxseed, yarrow will help relieve inflammation, stop pain, and reduce secretion. For a calming effect, you can drink mint decoction, infusion of valerian roots, motherwort.

Decoctions and infusions of wormwood, thyme, fennel, plantain, parsley, oregano, parsnips will help normalize the excess secretion of gastric juice. Has a strong enveloping effect sea buckthorn oil. Dosage and frequency of administration are discussed with the doctor.

Prevention of gastritis in pregnant women

After the normalization of the condition in order to prevent it is necessary:

adhere to a balanced diet;
eat fractionally, do not overeat;
exclude food that irritates the mucous membrane of the digestive tract;
limit to a minimum the use of carbonated, caffeinated drinks, black tea;
exclude alcohol, smoking;
avoid stressful situations as much as possible;
fully rest and sleep;
timely eliminate foci of inflammation in the body;
consult a doctor at the first signs of the disease.

The body's response to pharmacological agents and herbal remedies during pregnancy can be unpredictable, so you should always consult a specialist. Intrauterine development and the health of the child depends on nutrition future mother, her health, and the medications she took while she was pregnant. If you ignore gastritis during pregnancy and do not carry out timely treatment, serious complications may develop.

Inflammation of the internal mucous membrane of the stomach wall, which primarily provokes a violation of the process of digestion of food, which worsens general state body and leads to rapid fatigue and decreased performance, called gastritis. The problem of treating gastritis worries many people, as this is one of the most common diseases - about half of the world's population suffer from gastritis.

There are two types of gastritis: acute, which occurs for the first time and proceeds rapidly; chronic - occurs repeatedly, proceeding with frequent relapses. Chronic gastritis cannot be cured. If a person has been diagnosed with such a diagnosis, he must come to terms with the fact that he will live with this disease.

The first type of gastritis is acute inflammation mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. There are many causes of acute gastritis. Among them are chemical, and thermal, and mechanical, and bacterial. Acute gastritis develops according to the following scheme: the surface cells and glands of the gastric mucosa are damaged, and therefore inflammatory changes develop in it. Such an inflammatory process can affect only the superficial epithelium of the mucous membrane or stomach, or spread to its entire thickness and even penetrate into the muscle layer of the stomach wall. Gastritis occurs due to diseases of the pancreas, gallbladder, due to dietary errors, after the use of certain drugs, with food toxic infections, food allergies (to berries, mushrooms, etc.), burns, elementary metabolic disorders. Symptoms of acute gastritis usually appear in a person 4-8 hours after exposure to one of the above causes. A person feels heaviness and fullness in the epigastric region, nausea, weakness, diarrhea, vomiting may appear. The skin becomes pale, a grayish-white coating is noticeable on the tongue, there is severe dryness in the mouth or, conversely, salivation.

The course of chronic gastritis is different from acute. The cause of this disease is inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa and violations of the production of hydrochloric acid in it (diseases of the liver and gallbladder, pancreas). Patients experience unpleasant pain, gastric and intestinal disorders after eating or nervous stress, irritability, decreased fatigue, general weakness. As shown by numerous mass surveys, more than half of the adult population of developed (!) Countries of the world suffer from chronic gastritis; among diseases of the digestive system, it is more than 30%.

Most women with chronic gastritis have an exacerbation of the disease during pregnancy. These women usually develop, accompanied by vomiting. Toxicosis can drag on for as long as 14-17 weeks and proceed quite hard. But chronic gastritis is not a contraindication for pregnancy. Despite the unpleasant discomfort and poor health experienced by pregnant women from exacerbation of their illness, it does not affect the fetus. And yet it must be treated.

Symptoms of chronic gastritis

With chronic gastritis in pregnant women specific symptoms not watching because different people the disease progresses in different ways. Signs of the disease in most cases are pain in the epigastric region, nausea, vomiting, upset stool. In chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency ( reduced level hydrochloric acid in gastric juice) the phenomena of gastric and intestinal dyspepsia (disorders) are observed more often. With gastritis with preserved or increased secretion of gastric juice (often found in young age) is dominated by pain in the upper abdomen, which can be repeated. In the case of the last gastritis, patients complained of pain in the epigastric region, in the right hypochondrium or around the navel. Most often, pain occurs after eating, namely after taking a certain kind food. Less commonly, pain occurs regardless of food, on an empty stomach or at night. The pain is sometimes severe, sometimes moderate. With gastritis with increased secretion of the production, the pain is usually severe, with reduced secretion, it is weaker. If you do not want the pain to intensify, do not eat up to satiety - the more stretched the walls of the stomach, the stronger the pain.

Causes of the disease

Predisposing factors for chronic gastritis are:

stress caused by troubles at work or in the family and leading to disruption of the natural rhythm of life (lack of proper sleep due to night shift work);
nutritional conditions (irregular, unbalanced meals "on the go", food "dry food", "snacks");
infection of the body with bacteria Helicobacter pylori;
intake of large quantities of poor-quality food or strong alcoholic beverages;
smoking;
abuse of dishes with refined cereals and refined oils, preservatives, emulsifiers, hormones and antibiotics (animal food).

Diagnosis of gastritis during pregnancy

To clarify the diagnosis of chronic gastritis, it is not enough to study the patient's complaints and the history of the disease. It is necessary to conduct an endoscopic examination - a study of gastric juice. For this, gastric sounding is done, in which gastric juice is taken, and the acidity of gastric juice is also measured. The procedure is carried out using special apparatus, which is lowered into the stomach (this is also called swallowing the "Japanese"). Don't worry - this is acceptable during pregnancy. With its help, they find out the level of acidity of gastric juice, and this, in turn, will help to establish the type of gastritis (with increased or decreased acidity) and the corresponding treatment. The endoscopic method is very valuable for diagnosis. With its help, the presence of such phenomena on the gastric mucosa as erosion is determined. However, it is considered quite burdensome for a pregnant woman, so the endoscopic method is used when preliminary treatment has not yielded results.

Treatment and nutrition

With exacerbation of gastritis, the patient is recommended bed rest and diet. The diet provides for fractional meals (up to 6 times a day). Food is cooked in a semi-liquid form and not fried, limit the consumption of table salt and carbohydrates (sugar, jam, confectionery), broths that have a juice effect. Recommended consumption of milk, mucous or milk soups from cereals, soft-boiled eggs, meat or fish meatballs, quenelles, butter, kefir, vegetable stew, fresh fruits and vegetables. If the patient's condition improves, the diet is expanded, including boiled and fish, potatoes, pasta, doctor's sausage, lean ham, cereals, cheese, non-acidic sour cream. When the exacerbation has passed and you can eat normally, patients should still exclude fried foods, smoked meats, spicy seasonings from their diet for the future - these foods should generally be avoided by all pregnant women.

In the absence of edema in pregnant women with normal or increased acidity of gastric juice, they are recommended to drink mineral waters: Borjomi, Smirnovskaya, Slavyanovskaya, Jermuk. Daily rate- up to 300 ml 3 times a day 1.5-2 hours after meals. Pregnant women with low acidity should drink water "Mirgorodskaya", "Essentuki" No. 4, 17, "Arzni".

Drug treatment of pregnant women suffering from chronic gastritis is distinguished by its own characteristics. Depending on what type of gastritis you have, the doctor (gastroenterologist) prescribes medications. In no case do not self-medicate with this disease. Even medicinal water, if ignorant, can do harm - cause an exacerbation and not only.

The only thing that can be advised is herbal treatment. Chronic gastritis with normal or increased gastric secretion is treated with infusions. medicinal plants, which have an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, enveloping effect. These are St. John's wort, chamomile, oat seed, flax, yarrow, mountaineer bird, cinquefoil, calamus rhizome, sedatives (valerian root, motherwort herb), celandine. Also medicinal herbs, suppressing inflammation of the gastric mucosa and stimulating its secretory function, are used to treat chronic gastritis with reduced secretion in pregnant women. Only this is a different set of herbs: wormwood, plantain leaves, thyme, cumin, fennel, oregano, parsley, parsnip, mint, trifolia, St. John's wort, yarrow, and others.

In order not to get sick

The best way to prevent the occurrence or exacerbation of the disease is diet. Eat food little by little, in small portions, 4-5 times a day, while chewing it well. Do not overeat (it is better to eat more often). The list of products that irritate the gastric mucosa is best excluded from the diet. These are strong broths, canned foods, smoked meats, spices, seasonings, strong

Acute or chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa occurs in more than half of the world's population. And if an ordinary person can start drug therapy to alleviate the condition, then in the case of pregnancy, this process has a certain complexity. Like any inflammation, gastritis can disrupt habitual image life, and provide negative impact on fetal development.

According to statistics, inflammatory-dystrophic pathologies affect about 70% of women in the position, and most of them have an exacerbation of a chronic disease.

Causes of gastritis during pregnancy

With diagnosis and a thorough examination, one of the types of gastritis can be detected in pregnant women:

A - manifested by the development of atrophy of the gastric wall mucosa.
B - inflammation occurred due to infection with the gram-negative microorganism Helicobacter pylori.

It is worth noting that this bacterium is easily transmitted through household contact, and is present in more than half of humanity. However, not every person has a bacterium manifested by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, often the microorganism “sleeps”, and is activated only with a decrease in immunity.

Quite often, women are faced with an acute form of gastritis, which is associated with poor nutrition, and specific taste preferences that manifest themselves when carrying a child. Such moments can lead to an exacerbation of gastritis:

Stressful situations and nervousness.
Undernutrition, long breaks, starvation.
Abuse of refined carbohydrates, preservatives, flavors and dyes.
Inheritance passed down from one of the close relatives.
Infectious diseases.
Lack of vitamins and nutrients.

There are plenty of factors that can exacerbate a chronic course or cause an acute one. In addition, against the background of the fact that all the defenses of the woman's body are thrown to protect the fetus, the pregnant woman herself begins to undergo numerous ailments and infections.

Symptoms of gastritis during pregnancy

The symptoms of dyspepsia are quite pronounced, and they cannot be ignored. The disease manifests itself both locally and common symptoms, and can disturb the expectant mother at any stage of pregnancy.

General disorders are manifested by nervousness, weakness throughout the body, pallor skin, stool disorder, hyperacidity, night sweats, evening fever.

Local disorders can be recognized by belching with reflux of gastric juice, frequent heartburn, heaviness after eating, rapid satiety, frequent hunger, painful sensations in the right side.

information All these factors will help to suspect the presence of an exacerbation of gastritis, and especially the painful and exhausting toxicosis that accompanies all nine months. Of course, these symptoms are quite extensive, and may indicate various diseases, therefore, at the slightest discomfort, a woman needs to contact a gynecologist and gastroenterologist for a diagnosis.

Diagnosis of gastritis during pregnancy

To make a diagnosis, the specialist carefully listens to the patient's complaints, prescribes a list of tests that will help confirm or refute the presence of gastritis, determine its type, and only then prescribes therapy. Mandatory procedures include:

Blood test for biochemical analysis, which will show the level of bilirubin, the content and level of gastrin, the presence of anemia and antibodies.
Fractional sounding has contraindications during pregnancy, but may be allowed by the doctor in especially severe cases.
A biopsy of gastric tissues is also a painful procedure, therefore it is performed in extreme cases.
Carrying out a HELIK test, which will show the presence of a pathogen in the stomach. The test is respiratory, so it does not cause any discomfort.

information It is worth saying that each type of gastritis has a characteristic clinical picture, which indicates to the specialist the form of the disease. Therefore, drug therapy should be carried out as early as possible to avoid unpleasant complications.

Complications (exacerbations) of gastritis in pregnant women

By itself, gastritis is not particularly terrible, and with the normalization of nutrition, the disease proceeds calmly, without exacerbations. But if you abuse the simple rules that are recommended to patients, you can get serious consequences:

An ulcer is a serious inflammation that affects not only the mucous membrane, but also muscle tissue. Treatment of ulcers during pregnancy is complex and lengthy. The disease is manifested by severe pain, vomiting, constant heartburn.
Bleeding occurs with severe attacks of gastritis, against the background of exacerbation. At the first sign of vomiting with blood, you should seek medical help.
Cancer is the most serious complication that develops after an untreated ulcer. It is quite easy to recognize the formation, since the patient is regularly disturbed severe pain, nausea, bleeding./li>

In addition to such serious complications, gastritis during pregnancy can cause damage to the intestines, biliary tract, the development of chronic pancreatitis, and iron deficiency anemia.

How and how to treat gastritis during pregnancy

Since drug therapy during the period of bearing a baby has serious limitations, a strict diet, traditional medicine recipes and sparing drugs that do not pose a threat to the development of the fetus become the basis of treatment.

First of all, the expectant mother will have to give up products that can provoke an exacerbation. It is necessary to carefully approach the selection of the diet, since one should not forget that the child needs fortified and nutritious food.

Traditional medicine has proven itself well, where there are a lot of recipes that can be used to maintain the body during pregnancy. As for mineral waters, caution should be exercised here, since some compounds are prescribed for low acidity, others for high acidity. What kind of water to start drinking during treatment will be told by the attending physician.

informationMedical therapy is also present. And it consists of enveloping, analgesic, enzyme and stabilizing drugs. Antibacterial treatment can be prescribed only after delivery.

Treatment of gastritis during pregnancy: diet

Nutritional correction is 80% of the success of gastritis treatment. To support the body at the proper level, you will have to reconsider your taste preferences, and give up sour, spicy, fried and spicy. Dishes should pass such heat treatment: boiled, steamed, baked in foil. It is necessary to plan the diet, as it should be fractional and frequent. It is better to eat in small portions, but at least 6 times a day.

information Be sure to include mucous porridge, fish, jelly, lean meat, 1 soft-boiled egg, low-fat cheeses. It must be remembered that food should be warm, as cold and hot food causes serious damage to the mucous membrane. As for fruits, you can eat baked apples and bananas. Sour fruits and especially citrus fruits are excluded.

Treatment of gastritis during pregnancy: medications

Drug treatment is aimed at relieving painful symptoms, and reducing the exacerbation of gastritis. During pregnancy, the following drugs may be prescribed:

Enzymes to facilitate digestion: Creon, Festal,.
Enveloping and protecting the mucous membrane: Almagel,.
Microflora stabilizers: Linex, Laktovit, Gastroform.
Spasmolytic:, Platifillin.
With frequent vomiting, Cerucal, but only on the strict prescription of a doctor.

information If gastritis occurs against the background of the Helicobacter bacterium, then a probiotic and De-Nol can be prescribed, which normalizes the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, and antagonistically acts on the pathogenic organism. The course of treatment is prescribed only by a gastroenterologist, and must be strictly observed by the patient. Drug therapy will be ineffective if you do not limit yourself in nutrition.

Treatment of gastritis during pregnancy: folk remedies

In combination with medicines and diet food you can apply traditional medicine recipes that will help eliminate unpleasant symptoms, adjust acidity, relieve inflammation and normalize the functioning of the entire system. The choice of herbal preparations must be approached responsibly, since some of them are prescribed for increased, others for reduced secretion.

With increased acidity, flocks are prepared from such plants: calamus root, bird mountaineer, shamrock, celandine, mint, St. John's wort.
With reduced secretion, the most effective are: fennel, cumin, parsley, oregano, plantain leaves, thyme.

You need to prepare healing infusions as follows: take 2 types of herbal preparation for a tablespoon, pour 500 ml of boiling water, leave for 30-40 minutes, and take three tablespoons after eating. It is not recommended to self-medicate, as herbal medicine can cause hidden negative effect. Only a doctor will help to gain confidence in alternative treatment.

Preventive measures during pregnancy from gastritis

The presence of such an ailment as gastritis is not a contraindication to pregnancy. But future mother must understand the full responsibility that is entrusted to her. Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, it is necessary to undergo an appropriate examination and course of treatment in order to avoid exacerbation.

important During pregnancy, you need to properly organize your diet, chew food thoroughly, and not get carried away with harmful snacks. It is necessary to avoid products that irritate the microflora: fatty meat broths, carbonated drinks, hot spices, smoked meats, pickles.

It will also be useful for preventive purposes to drink prescribed mineral water, take multivitamins, walk more often and avoid stressful situations.

The article discusses gastritis during pregnancy. We talk about the causes and symptoms, what to do if there is an exacerbation of the pathology. You will learn about necessary treatment through diet, medication and folk remedies, as well as reviews of women and doctors.

Gastritis is a disease gastrointestinal tract, characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the inner walls of the stomach. This condition is accompanied by a failure in the production of gastric juice, which causes disturbances in the functioning of the digestive organ. Pathology has both chronic and acute forms, it can proceed in different ways.

Gastritis in pregnant women causes discomfort and deterioration of well-being

The development of the disease during pregnancy does not threaten the health of the future mother or fetus, but at the same time causes severe discomfort. That is why it is desirable to start treating the pathology as soon as possible, since if it flows into a chronic form, then this is fraught with the development of an ulcer or tumor of the stomach.

Causes

During pregnancy, the protective properties of the body of the expectant mother are slightly weakened. In the early stages, this is necessary for the successful attachment of a fertilized egg to the uterine wall and preventing its further rejection.

It is for this reason that most pregnant women during the period of bearing a child notice an exacerbation of chronic diseases or the appearance of new ailments, as well as a change in character. For example, if they were at first, and then suddenly became, then this is a reason to see a doctor.

According to statistics, in 75% of cases the main cause of gastritis during pregnancy is an exacerbation of a chronic disease of the gastric mucosa, which was observed in a pregnant woman early.

Gastritis is of 2 types:

Type A is a pathology that has arisen due to the progressive development of atrophic processes in the walls of the stomach.
Type B - the disease begins to develop after the conditionally pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori enters the stomach. A future mother can become infected with this bacterium in the household way, both before conception and after it. If before pregnancy the disease did not manifest itself in any way, then during the bearing of the child due to hormonal changes the course of gastritis is aggravated and aggravated. This type of ailment is most common and requires treatment.

A gastroenterologist will help determine what type of gastritis you have. It is forbidden to self-diagnose and prescribe treatment on your own, as this can lead to a deterioration in well-being or the loss of a child.

What affects the exacerbation of gastritis during pregnancy

The following are the main factors affecting the exacerbation of the disease in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters:

genetic predisposition.
Unbalanced diet, abuse of foods containing preservatives and refined carbohydrates. Of particular danger is food in which there are dyes, flavors, stabilizers.
Lack of iron in the body.
Eating a lot of spicy and fatty foods. Also, too hot food affects the exacerbation of the disease.
Low intake of vitamins and proteins in the body.
Frequent stress and nervous tension, anxiety.
The presence of infectious pathologies in a chronic form.
Incorrect eating behavior, including snacking on the go, systematic overeating, poor chewing of food.

The main factors that cause an exacerbation of the disease are associated precisely with improper food intake. Therefore, normalize nutrition, if this does not help, then seek help from a specialist.

Symptoms

The symptoms of gastritis are varied. Sometimes they do not appear immediately, and in some cases they appear instantly. It all depends on the type and form of pathology. Specialists distinguish between chronic and acute forms of pathology. Below we will look at each of them.

Acute gastritis

Symptoms of this form of pathology are:

sharp pain in the stomach;
general deterioration of well-being, occasionally accompanied by vomiting, nausea, dizziness;
changing the color of the tongue and covering it with a yellow or gray coating;
with increased acidity, severe heartburn occurs, aggravated after eating sweet, sour foods. There is also belching and disorder of the stool;
the occurrence of discomfort in the stomach on an empty stomach. With reduced production of gastric juice, the expectant mother experiences weakness, nausea, and bad smell mouth, flatulence.

An acute form of pathology can be caused by taking certain medications, prolonged nervous tension, or eating foods that irritate the lining of the stomach walls.

Chronic gastritis

This type of gastritis is the most common. It is caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. This microorganism negatively affects the internal walls of the stomach, damaging them, causing problems with the formation of gastric juice and causing disturbances in the functioning of the organ.

During pregnancy, the chronic form of pathology does not have characteristic features, which makes it difficult to diagnose. Some symptoms of the disease can be mistaken for the manifestation of toxicosis, among them:

nausea;
bloating;
heartburn;
frequent fatigue;
belching;
discomfort, pain in the pancreas;
excessive excitability;
overwork due to any physical activity.

In the chronic form, it is important to establish the level of acidity of gastric juice, since the signs of the disease and methods of treatment depend on this.

Gastritis with increased acidity is characterized by:

Chair disorder.
Periodic pain in the upper abdomen, right hypochondrium, epigastric region. Appear after eating certain foods, rarely occur on an empty stomach or at night.
Belching sour.
Heartburn.

With low acidity, the symptoms are:

nausea;
vomit;
general deterioration of well-being;
heaviness in the stomach;
bloating;
rumbling in the stomach.

Only specialists should treat and diagnose gastritis

Diagnostics

If you suspect the presence of a disease and some symptoms, you should visit a doctor as soon as possible. Unfortunately, gastritis has similar symptoms with other similar diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and toxicosis. Because of this, pregnant women are in no hurry to visit the doctor, but try to cope with the malaise on their own.

Diagnostic measures are as follows:

Biochemical analysis of urine, feces, blood.
Endoscopy - the procedure involves the removal of digestive fluid from the stomach through probing. Using this technique, it is possible to establish the nature of the acidity for the appointment of a suitable therapy.
Palpation - with the help of it, the affected areas of the stomach are revealed.
Ultrasound of the digestive tract to assess their condition.

How to treat

Treatment of gastritis is a long process, requiring compliance with all the recommendations of a specialist. To prevent exacerbation of gastritis should be minimized stressful situations, as well as pay attention to your diet and diet, excluding harmful foods from it. Before therapy, it is imperative to undergo all examinations that will help identify the exact form of the disease in order to prescribe a suitable treatment.

Endoscopy during pregnancy is prescribed extremely rarely, since swallowing the probe causes discomfort, which can adversely affect the well-being of the expectant mother.

Physiotherapeutic methods

In certain cases, physiotherapy can help to cope with the malaise. Some pregnant women are sure that acupuncture is the most effective method, but this method cannot be attributed to the safest during pregnancy.

The same can be said about electrophoresis, which transports the prescribed drug directly to the area of violation. During pregnancy, this technique is used with caution, as there are no large-scale studies on how it affects the baby in the womb. Electrophoresis is not recommended for late toxicosis, which is accompanied by severe vomiting and in chronic renal pathologies.

The safest is magnetotherapy, but it also has its own contraindications, which the specialist will acquaint you with.

Medicines

Most of the drugs that effectively cope with gastritis are contraindicated for expectant mothers. That is why it is necessary to normalize nutrition in order to cope with the disease.

During childbearing, antibacterial medicines are prohibited that neutralize the effect of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori due to their negative impact on the fetus. Also under the ban are antisecretory drugs.

But the following medicines can be used for treatment:

Dimethicone - has a restorative effect.
Raglan, Cerucal - cope with heartburn, nausea.
Probiotics (Bifidum, Narine, Bifiform).
Antispasmodics - eliminate spasms and pain.
Preparations with pancreatic and gastric enzymes are recommended for use with reduced secretory activity.

You should refrain from taking Almagel, Gastal, Maalox and Phosphalugel, as they contain aluminum, which is not recommended for use during childbearing.

Mineral water

Sometimes mineral water will help to cope with gastritis. But you can use it only after the permission of the doctor.

If a pregnant woman has low acidity, then you can drink Essentuki at numbers 4 and 17, Mirgorodskaya. With increased acidity, “Borjomi” and “Jermuk” are allowed.

Drink healing mineral water 2 hours after eating.

The most effective for gastritis is diet therapy

Diet

With an exacerbation of gastritis in early pregnancy, especially if at this time the pregnant woman suffers from toxicosis, experts recommend adhering to a certain diet. With a general deterioration in well-being, weakness, bed rest and maximum rest are recommended.

Rules

Basic rules of diet therapy for gastritis in pregnant women:

Fractional nutrition, consisting of 6-8 meals per day.
Rough food is forbidden, food should have the consistency of porridge and mashed potatoes or be semi-liquid.
You can not eat smoked meats, fried, sour and spicy products, as they increase the production of gastric juice.
It is recommended to reduce the amount of salt consumed.
Remove pickled foods and pickles from the diet.
Food should be varied and nutritious daily diet a sufficient amount of fats, vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates must be present.
If possible, completely abandon the use of foods that contain fast carbohydrates.
It is forbidden to eat too hot or cold food, food should be warm.
To enrich the body useful trace elements it is recommended to take multivitamins for expectant mothers.

Grocery list

Allowed products:

steamed cutlets;
vegetables;
scrambled eggs;
greenery;
boiled river fish;
boiled poultry meat;
fresh fruits;
dried white bread;
milk;
steamed vegetable stew;
milk soups;
meatballs;
semi-liquid porridge.

Now let's take a closer look at the power supply scheme. In the first days, it is recommended to use semi-liquid food, which does not irritate the gastric mucosa. Here are the products:

milk;
cottage cheese;
vegetable puree soups;
cereals and soups with milk.

After a few days, hard-boiled eggs, vegetable side dishes, fresh fruits and vegetables can be added to the diet.

With the improvement of well-being, the pregnant woman can gradually return to the usual proper nutrition, excluding from the diet:

pickles;
broths cooked on fish or meat;
peas, beans;
cabbage, onion, radish;
sweet and flour products;
smoked meats;
seasonings, spices, spices;
fried foods.

Folk remedies for gastritis

In certain cases, traditional medicine can cope with the pathology. You can use them for treatment only after consultation and permission of the doctor. Self-administration is prohibited, as it can adversely affect the course of pregnancy.

Important: some healing herbs from gastritis are prohibited for admission in the first trimester. Such herbs are sage, calamus, plantain and thyme.

herbal therapy

Herbal decoctions can cure gastritis in pregnant women. Mint, St. John's wort, licorice, wormwood, yarrow, flowers, cudweed, calendula, licorice root, Ivan tea and cinquefoil will help eliminate pain and reduce inflammation.

To gently stimulate the inner walls of the stomach with low acidity, decoctions of cumin, sea buckthorn, currant, rosehip, gooseberry, thyme and fennel are used.

You can cook yourself herbal preparations or buy them at the pharmacy. They are produced in the form of phyto-packets, which are brewed like tea. Drink such a decoction in the form of heat after eating.

The recipe for the decoction is given below.

Ingredients:

herbal collection - 2-3 tablespoons;
water - 500 ml.

How to cook:

Pour boiling water over the herbs.
Let the broth brew for half an hour, then strain.
Drink a drink after a meal.

Flax seed

Flaxseed perfectly copes with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and stomach, and from it helps to solve a number of problems faced by future mommy. What is the miraculous effect natural product? The brewed seed forms a mucus that coats the walls of the stomach and has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Decoctions of flax seed are safe for pregnant women and the fetus. Contraindications for use: pancreatitis, cholelithiasis.

Apples

Regular consumption of apples, especially green varieties, will not only enrich the body with vitamins or improve digestion, but also solve the problem of gastritis.

How to eat apples with gastritis? Grate 2 green apples daily. Half an hour after eating, eat the apple mixture. Duration of admission - at least a month. After a month, eat 1 apple every other day.

Honey

If you are not allergic to honey, you can use it to treat gastritis. To do this, dilute 1 tablespoon of honey in 250 ml warm water. With low acidity, drink a drink an hour before a meal, with high acidity - half an hour before a meal. The duration of treatment is 30-60 days.

Honey eliminates inflammation and has a calming effect on the gastric mucosa.

Gastritis is one of the most insidious and common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which affects all age groups patients and pregnant women. According to statistics, more than 70% of expectant mothers have experienced acute manifestations of the disease or have chronic gastritis, which manifests itself during pregnancy. What to do if a pregnant woman is diagnosed with gastritis, how to treat the disease?

Gastritis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the inner walls of the stomach, which is accompanied by a violation of the production of gastric juice and leads to malfunctions in the functioning of the digestive organ. Gastritis can have an acute or chronic form and proceed in different ways. Despite the fact that gastritis during pregnancy is not a serious pathology and does not threaten the fetus, the disease causes severe discomfort to the mother, who feels pain, heaviness in the stomach, and if left untreated, her health deteriorates sharply. The chronic form of gastritis can cause an ulcer or tumor of the stomach, which is why it is so important to recognize it and start treatment during it.

It is during pregnancy that a woman may first encounter this disease, since pregnancy is a stress for the whole organism, which, adjusting to new conditions, begins to function in a double mode and all organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, become more vulnerable and sensitive to all negative influences.

Gastritis during pregnancy: causes

In most cases, the cause of gastritis in " interesting position'is an aggravation chronic disease gastric mucosa, which was observed in a woman earlier. According to statistics, this is 75% of all cases of the disease.

There are two types of gastritis:

Type A: Gastritis caused by the progressive development of atrophic processes in the walls of the stomach. Autoimmune cell damage.
Type B. The disease begins its development after the conditionally pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori enters the stomach, which a woman can become infected with in a domestic way both before conception and after. If before pregnancy the disease did not manifest itself in any way and did not bother the woman, then after the change hormonal background during pregnancy, gastritis is exacerbated and aggravated. Type II gastritis is much more common and requires treatment. Hormonal adjustment, weakening of the immune system, which accompanies pregnancy, provoke an exacerbation of chronic gastritis.

To know exactly what type of gastritis you have, you need to visit a gastroenterologist. Self-diagnosis is strongly discouraged. Improper treatment can lead to complications.

Factors that contribute to the exacerbation of gastritis during pregnancy

Wrong and unbalanced diet. At risk are pregnant women who abuse foods high in refined carbohydrates and preservatives. It is dangerous to use those foods that contain harmful dyes, flavors and stabilizers.
Lack of protein and vitamins in the diet.
Frequent overeating, eating on the go, at night and dry food, as well as insufficient chewing of food can cause exacerbation of gastritis.
Iron deficiency in the body.
A large number of fatty, spicy foods in the diet. Too hot food exacerbates the disease.
Stress, nervous tension, anxiety.
The presence of a pregnant infectious disease in a chronic form.
hereditary predisposition.

It should be noted that most of the factors that provoke the development and exacerbation of chronic gastritis are associated with malnutrition and non-compliance with the daily routine.

Symptoms of gastritis during pregnancy

The manifestations of gastritis are varied: in some cases, the symptoms of the disease do not appear immediately, in others - instantly, it depends on the type of gastritis and its form.

The most widespread chronic form of gastritis, the cause of which was the defeat of the gastric mucosa by a microorganism - Helicobacter pylori. The bacterium has a detrimental effect and damages the internal walls of the stomach, disrupting the production of gastric juice and the functioning of the organ.

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy does not have characteristic symptoms and therefore difficult to diagnose. Some manifestations of the disease can be mistaken for manifestations of toxicosis, especially in the first trimester. A pregnant woman may feel:

Slight relaxation of the stool, flatulence.
Heartburn, nausea, belching.
Pain and discomfort in the epigastric region.
Characterized by frequent fatigue, increased excitability, overwork from physical exertion.

In chronic gastritis, it is important to establish the level of acidity of gastric juice, the course of the symptoms of the disease and the subsequent treatment of gastritis depend on this.

Symptoms of gastritis with high acidity:

Periodic pain in the upper abdomen, in the epigastric region, in the right hypochondrium. Occurs immediately after taking a certain food, less often it can appear on an empty stomach or at night.
Heartburn, sour eructation, upset stool.

Symptoms of gastritis with low acidity:

With low acidity, when hydrochloric acid produced in smaller quantities, pain in the stomach is less pronounced. Clear signs diseases: nausea, vomiting, unpleasant rumbling in the stomach, feeling of heaviness in the stomach, flatulence, general malaise and weakness.

Symptoms of acute gastritis during pregnancy

The acute form of gastritis begins suddenly, with a sharp pain in the stomach.
In addition to a severe attack of pain, the pregnant woman feels general weakness, vomiting, nausea and dizziness are possible.
There are changes in the color of the tongue, it is covered with a yellow or grayish coating.
With increased acidity, gastritis manifests itself severe heartburn, which increases after eating sweet or sour foods, belching, stool disorder.
There are pains in the stomach on an empty stomach. If the secretion of gastric juice production is reduced, the pregnant woman feels weakness, nausea, unpleasant rumbling in the abdomen, belching and a specific smell from the mouth, flatulence.

To provoke acute gastritis of the stomach during pregnancy can take medicines, products that irritate the mucous membrane of the walls of the stomach, prolonged nervous tension in which the pregnant woman is.

How to diagnose gastritis during pregnancy

At the first suspicion of the presence of the disease and its obvious symptoms, it is necessary to consult a doctor. The insidiousness of gastritis is that many of the symptoms of the disease are similar to other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and resemble the manifestation of toxicosis during pregnancy, so many expectant mothers are in no hurry to visit the doctor, but try to deal with nausea or heartburn on their own. Diagnosis of gastritis consists in such activities:

Biochemical analysis of blood, feces, urine of the patient.
Endoscopy - the removal of digestive fluid from the stomach by probing. This diagnostic allows you to establish the nature of acidity and continue the correct further treatment of the disease.
Palpation is a method that allows you to determine the affected areas of the gastric mucosa.
Ultrasound of the digestive tract, which allows you to assess their condition.

How to treat gastritis during pregnancy: treatment methods

Treatment of gastritis is a long and troublesome process that requires the strict implementation of all prescriptions and recommendations of the attending physician. It is especially important to pay attention to the diet and diet, as well as to exclude all stress factors that can re-provoke an exacerbation of gastritis. Before starting treatment, it is imperative to undergo all examinations and determine the form of gastritis, on which subsequent therapy will depend.

Pregnant women who belong to a special category of patients, endoscopy is prescribed in rare cases, since swallowing a probe is a rather unpleasant procedure

Proper nutrition for gastritis in pregnant women: diet

If a pregnant woman has exacerbated gastritis, especially in the early stages of pregnancy, which is accompanied by toxicosis, she is primarily prescribed special diet. If a woman feels weakness, malaise, the disease proceeds with complications, she is recommended bed rest and rest. Nutrition for gastritis should be fractional, the number of meals from 5 to 6 times a day. In the early days of a diet for gastritis, the consistency of food should be semi-liquid so as not to injure the mucous membrane and not burden the stomach. It can be light vegetable puree soups, milk porridges and soups, milk and cottage cheese are allowed. After a few days, hard-boiled eggs can be introduced into the diet, fresh vegetables, fruit, vegetable side dishes. Over time, pregnant women can switch to a normal regimen. proper nutrition, not forgetting that foods such as:

fried foods, spices, seasonings, smoked meats;
legumes (peas, beans);
vegetables: cabbage, radish, onion;
pickles;
confectionery and sweets;
meat and fish broths;
coffee.

Diet for gastritis during pregnancy: basic rules

Diet for gastritis, which is carried out in medicinal purposes, has its ground rules which the expectant mother must adhere to.

Fractional nutrition, with frequent meals from 6 to 8 times a day.
Food should not be coarse, but have a semi-liquid, puree, mushy form.
It is strictly forbidden to eat smoked meats, spicy and fried foods, as well as the use of acidic foods that contribute to the production of gastric juice.
If possible, limit the use of salt, exclude pickles, pickled foods from the diet.
Limit consumption or completely abandon foods containing fast carbohydrates (sweets, flour and confectionery).
The daily diet should be varied and nutritious, include a sufficient amount of fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
With gastritis, you should not eat excessively hot or cold food, food should be at a pleasant temperature, close to body temperature.

Dried white bread.
Milk products.
Boiled river fish (pike, zander or perch are great).
Boiled poultry meat.
Steamed vegetable stews, pureed soups, milk soups, steam cutlets, meatballs, quenelles, soft-boiled eggs, semi-liquid porridge.
Do not forget to include fresh vegetables, fruits, herbs in the menu.

Treatment of gastritis with mineral water

In some cases, for the treatment of gastritis, the doctor may prescribe mineral water to the pregnant woman.
With low acidity, Essentuki No. 4 and 17, Mirgorodskaya have proven themselves well, and with high acidity - Jermuk, Borjomi and others.
Healing mineral water is taken after meals, after 1.5-2 hours. It is not recommended to drink mineral water without consulting a doctor.

Gastritis during pregnancy: drug treatment

Gastritis is a disease for which there is a large number of medicines to relieve the patient's condition. But, do not forget that many of them are contraindicated for pregnant women. Therefore, the main direction of treatment of gastritis in pregnant women is a therapeutic diet.

During pregnancy, antibacterial drugs are prohibited, the action of which is aimed at suppressing the Helicobacter pylori infection. Taking such drugs adversely affects the development of the fetus. Also, antisecretory drugs are not used for treatment.

Pregnant women are prescribed the following medications:

Probiotics. It is recommended to take products with a high content of lactic acid bacteria, such as bifid-yogurt, kefir, fermented baked milk. Lactic acid bacteria are available in the form of capsules, powders. Pharmacy funds: Narine, Bifiform, Bifidum.
Dimethicone. Has a regenerating effect.
Antispasmodics. Quickly relieve pain, spasms.
Cerucal, Raglan. Eliminate nausea, heartburn.
Medications with gastric and pancreatic enzymes. May be prescribed if decreased secretory activity is observed.

Phosphalugel, Almagel, Gastal, Maalox, containing aluminum, medicines are not recommended for pregnant women.

Folk remedies for gastritis during pregnancy

For the treatment of gastritis, alternative methods of treatment can be used, which expectant mothers should use only after the approval of the attending physician. It is worth remembering that some medicinal herbs that are effective in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastritis, are forbidden to be taken in the 1st trimester of pregnancy. These herbs include: sage, thyme, plantain, calamus.

Herbal treatment

Herbal decoctions are widely used to treat gastritis. Mint, cinquefoil, chamomile flowers, yarrow relieve pain and reduce inflammation. A decoction of fennel, cumin, thyme gently stimulates the inner walls of the stomach with low acidity. To prepare the decoction, it is necessary to brew 2-3 tablespoons of the collection in 0.5 liters of boiling water, let it brew for 30 minutes, and then strain. In the pharmacy, you can buy ready-made herbal pharmacy fees, packed in phyto-bags, which are brewed like tea. Take a decoction after meals, in a warm form.

Flaxseed for gastritis

Flax seed is one of the most affordable and effective remedies for the treatment of stomach and gastrointestinal diseases. When brewing the seed, mucus is formed, which envelops the walls of the stomach, providing an anti-inflammatory effect. Pregnant women are allowed to take decoctions of flax seed, this does not pose any threat developing fetus. However, there is a contraindication to taking if a woman has cholelithiasis or pancreatitis.

Honey treatment

Expectant mothers can use folk recipe treatment of gastritis with honey, if they are not allergic to this product. To do this, dilute 1 tablespoon of honey in a glass of warm water. If the acidity is low, drink it an hour before a meal, if it is high, 30 minutes before a meal. The duration of admission is from 1 to 2 months. Honey has a calming effect on the gastric mucosa, relieves inflammation.

Apple treatment

Regularly including apples in your diet, especially green varieties, you can not only improve digestion, but also get rid of gastritis. With gastritis, pregnant women are recommended to eat 2 grated green apples daily on an empty stomach. Eating should be after 30 minutes, not earlier, so as not to provoke increased gas formation. The duration of treatment with apples is 1 month. A month later, apples are eaten every other day, before breakfast.

Women with chronic gastritis should take preventive measures and be observed by a doctor even during pregnancy planning. It's important to stick to your diet, have peace of mind, and enjoy your pregnancy. It is recommended to exclude all harmful foods that can provoke irritation of the gastric mucosa and cause exacerbation of gastritis, which is highly undesirable for the expectant mother and normal course pregnancy. If you feel unwell, discomfort in the stomach area, be sure to tell your doctor about your suspicions, who will prescribe competent treatment and help overcome the disease.