Manifestations of cystitis in early pregnancy and methods of its safe treatment. Is cystitis dangerous? Canephron for cystitis during pregnancy

Cystitis is an inflammatory process Bladder and one of the most serious diseases of the genitourinary system. The disease is predominantly characteristic of the female half of the population due to the anatomical features of the structure of the urethra, the female canal is wide and short, this allows infection to easily enter. About 50% of women experience cystitis during pregnancy; the disease is dangerous for complications not only for the mother, but also for the child, and therefore requires immediate treatment.

The main reason why cystitis develops during pregnancy is the active activity of the pathogenic bacterium Escherichia coli - Escherichia coli. Other pathogens of the pathological process are chlamydia, staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as various fungi. The conditions that are created during the period of gestation are the most tempting for such “guests”, because during pregnancy the hormonal levels change significantly and the bacterial microflora of the mucous membranes changes, including intimate areas. Microbes enter the urethra after intercourse with a partner or as a result of non-compliance hygiene rules after bowel movements, the resident of which is considered to be E. coli.

Factors contributing to the disease:

weakening of the immune system - suppression of the body's defenses leads to the fall of barriers and the penetration and proliferation of bacteria that, in a healthy state, already exist on the mucous membranes of the genital organs;
hypothermia - quite often cystitis in pregnant women develops after hypothermia or a cold, it is very important that the woman’s feet are always warm, the lower back, lower abdomen, and the area of the external genital organs must be protected from cold and wind;
long-term use of medications - long-term use of drugs, the metabolites of which are excreted in the urine and cause irritation of the bladder, can also provoke cystitis, in addition, such medications reduce immune system body and change hormonal levels;
allergies - allergic reactions to various factors external environment become a background for the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the urinary tract and bladder; these may be allergies to cosmetics and hygiene products, food products, as well as items for intimate hygiene;
overheating - when the bladder overheats (taking hot baths, visiting baths and saunas), the composition of the microflora of the mucous membranes may change, this can provoke the development of cystitis in pregnant women;
exacerbation of chronic bladder diseases - with exacerbation of other diseases, the risk of secondary infection increases.

Risk factors for the development of cystitis are supplemented by stressful conditions, wearing tight synthetic underwear, overwork, and infectious processes in other organs, especially the genitourinary system. Cystitis in pregnant women later can develop as a result of physiological relaxation of the bladder, stagnation of urine, pressure from an enlarged uterus.

Symptoms

Cystitis during pregnancy manifests itself in acute or chronic form. Acute cystitis has a sudden nature and pronounced symptoms; most often it develops after hypothermia. The disease becomes chronic in the absence of adequate treatment; in this case, its symptoms are sluggish, during certain periods they may not appear at all, but during periods of exacerbation they make themselves felt; in addition, it is much more difficult to get rid of the chronic type.

Signs of acute cystitis

Signs of cystitis in acute form are caused by an acute inflammatory process occurring in the bladder and urinary canal.

Main symptoms:

increased urge to urinate with the release of a small volume of urine;
burning and sharp painful sensations when urinating;
false urge to go to the toilet, sensations of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
pain in the lower abdomen;
cloudy urine, impurities of blood and pus may be found in the urine;
increased body temperature;
intoxication.

Note! Severe intoxication of the body and fever are direct evidence that the disease has entered a severe stage; it requires medical intervention and adequate treatment.

Why is acute cystitis dangerous? The acute form of the disease poses a threat not only to the health of the mother, but also to the safety of the life of the fetus - the inflammatory process can spread to the kidneys and cause the development of pyelonephritis.

Symptoms of chronic cystitis

Symptoms of cystitis during pregnancy in chronic form are less pronounced. The main manifestations of the disease are pain when urinating, frequent urination, and the release of urine along with purulent impurities.

The intensity of the pain depends on the frequency of urination. Nagging pain a pregnant woman feels it in the perineal area along the path of the urethra. In addition, she may experience general malaise and stress associated with this condition.

Treatment of chronic cystitis, unlike acute cystitis, does not involve the use of antibacterial drugs; therapy is longer and more complex; it is aimed not only at destroying harmful bacteria, but also at normalizing microflora and strengthening general immunity.

Consequences of pathology

Cystitis during pregnancy early stages not as dangerous as in late pregnancy. Moreover, quite often a woman finds out that she is in a position when she undergoes diagnostics to determine the presence of an inflammatory disease of the bladder. But even cystitis at the beginning of pregnancy often becomes a factor due to which more serious pathological processes will appear if you do not immediately consult a doctor and undergo the necessary treatment.

The most dangerous consequence of cystitis during pregnancy is pyelonephritis (an inflammatory process that occurs in the kidneys). Pathogenic bacteria penetrate through the ureters into the kidneys. In pregnant women, the right kidney is predominantly affected. In case of acute pyelonephritis, a pregnant woman needs hospitalization, otherwise similar condition threatens the health of mother and child. The consequences may be miscarriage, premature birth, fetal weight deficiency.

Diagnostics

When the first symptoms of cystitis develop, a woman must consult a doctor and then undergo diagnostics. Only after receiving the results will the doctor make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment for the patient.

Basic diagnostic measures to detect inflammation of the bladder:

general analysis urine - if there is inflammation in the body, the content of leukocytes increases, and protein is also detected;
general blood test - with cystitis in pregnant women, ESR increases;
Ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder - a method necessary to determine the condition of the urinary system;
bacteriological analysis of urine - allows you to identify and determine the causative agent of the infectious process.

Note! It is necessary to correctly collect urine for general and bacteriological research in order for the result to be reliable. For tests in the morning, the middle part of the urine is collected in a sterile jar; it must be sent to the laboratory one and a half to two hours in advance.

Treatment

Cystitis in the first trimester of pregnancy and later can be treated only with medications that are absolutely not harmful to the life and health of the expectant mother and fetus. You need to be especially careful with antibacterial drugs, but not only antibiotics, but also medications for other purposes can only be prescribed by a doctor; self-therapy is under no circumstances allowed. Tetracyclines and sulfonamides are extremely contraindicated for pregnant women; antibiotics of such groups can harm the developing fetus.

Antibacterial therapy

The main antibacterial drugs for the treatment of cystitis are Monural and Amoxiclav; these tablets and powder are approved for use while carrying a child and do not cause negative influence neither on mother nor on developing fetus. Monural and Amoxiclav are new generation medications for cystitis during pregnancy; they quickly relieve symptoms and relieve pain.

Monural is the most effective - 1 packet of powder is enough to eliminate pain. Treatment with Amoxiclav lasts from 5 to 14 days. Any drug can be chosen as the first choice drug; after an antibiotic, the doctor should prescribe to the pregnant woman medications that will remove the full volume of urine from the bladder, normalize the microflora of the mucous membranes, and also increase overall immunity.

Canephron

Canephron - highly effective natural remedy of plant origin, it is often prescribed to pregnant women for the treatment of cystitis; the active substances of the drug not only relieve symptoms, but also eliminate the cause of the disease. The drug has virtually no contraindications, is easily tolerated by pregnant patients, and does not harm the fetus.

Action medicine Canephron:

normalizes the functioning of the bladder and kidneys;
enhances the effect of antibacterial drugs and prevents the development of infections;
promotes relaxation of the vessels of the urinary tract, which ensures the unhindered removal of excess fluid from the body of a pregnant woman and relieves swelling;
improves blood supply to the kidneys;
has an antispasmodic effect.

Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy with Canephron short time helps relieve general state and reduce the symptoms of cystitis and other infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary system. The drug also has a preventive effect and prevents the development of urolithiasis.

Folk remedies

What should a pregnant woman do to get rid of cystitis? The answer to the question lies in the recipes of traditional medicine, but it should be understood that folk remedies for cystitis during pregnancy must be approved by the attending physician.

The main folk remedy that helps eliminate the inflammatory process in the bladder is cranberry. Cranberries contain beneficial substances and acids that kill E. coli and other pathogenic bacteria. Frequent consumption of cranberry juices contributes to the oxidation of the environment in the stomach, bacteria become unable to adhere to the mucous membrane and are eliminated from the body. Note! It is advisable to consume fruit drinks warm; red currants also have similar properties; lingonberries can be added to the drink.

What can pregnant women with cystitis do to get rid of it:

Rosehip root (2 tablespoons), crushed, pour a glass of boiled water, boil using a water bath, and leave for 15-25 minutes. Before drinking, strain, drink ½ cup 3 times a day, after thirty minutes you can eat.
Red rowan berries and lingonberry leaves are taken in a 3:1 ratio, poured with 1 glass of boiling water, left for two to three hours and filtered. Take this infusion 30 minutes before meals, dose - 3 times a day, 100 milliliters. You can add a spoonful of honey to the glass.
Black currant has an anti-inflammatory effect. To prepare the medicine you should take 6 tbsp. l. crushed leaves of the plant and pour 1 liter of boiling water, leave for at least an hour. You can add honey or sugar to the finished broth. Take the decoction five to six times a day, dose - 1 tablespoon.
To prepare the next medicine, you need to pour a tablespoon of dill herb with 1.5 cups of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 30 minutes before meals, dosage - one third of a glass.
It is useful for pregnant women to take oatmeal broth; preparing it is very simple - take a glass of oats and pour 2 glasses of freshly boiled water, then boil again in a water bath, boil until the volume is reduced by half. You can add honey to the prepared decoction, take the medicine ½ cup, the dosage regimen is three times a day.

Folk remedies have been used since ancient times, it is effective and safe way, recognized even by official medicine. Please note that most medications for the treatment of cystitis, with the exception of antibiotics, are of plant origin. But despite this, you cannot even use herbal infusions without notifying the attending physician. The doctor must be aware of all the drugs and medications that a pregnant woman takes. Moreover, before taking any medications, you must make sure that you are not allergic.

Prevention

Now you know how to treat cystitis during pregnancy, but how to prevent the development of inflammation of the bladder? For a woman who is expecting a child, the disease is easier and better to prevent rather than eliminate.

Prevention of cystitis during pregnancy should begin before the child is conceived. When planning a child, the expectant mother should definitely undergo a complete medical examination and eliminate any medical problems if any are discovered. Chronic infections should be treated before pregnancy occurs. Even advanced caries or tonsillitis can subsequently become the main reasons for the development of cystitis in a pregnant woman, as well as cause infections in other internal organs.

You can't go around that side preventive measures, which concerns the personal hygiene of the expectant mother. A woman needs to wash her face daily warm water with pH-neutral detergents, even better to carry out similar procedure in the morning and in the evening. But pregnant women are prohibited from taking hot baths; this will prevent overheating and the penetration of detergents and bacteria into the genitals.

Pregnant women should pay close attention to their health and immunity; they need to eat more vitamins, strengthening the body’s protective functions, and also avoid hypothermia and colds.

Nutrition

Prevention of infectious-inflammatory disease also includes the choice and adherence to a diet. Nutrition should be rational and include healthy foods. Lean varieties of fish and meat, dairy and fermented milk products, fresh, stewed and baked vegetables and fruits are healthy. But fried, salted, smoked and spicy dishes will have to be excluded from the menu.

You should follow the drinking regime, it should be plentiful. You can drink water, decoctions and teas, fruit drinks. It is prohibited to consume alcohol, carbonated drinks, citrus juices, coffee and drinks containing caffeine.

As a result of drinking heavily, expectant mothers will visit the toilet more often, and rightly so - even if there is no urge to go to the toilet, they should go to the toilet every 2-3 hours, this will ensure the smooth removal of excess fluid and bacteria from the body.

In urology, cystitis is one of the most common diagnoses. People of all ages are susceptible to it, but women of reproductive age and older are the real risk category. Every second person experienced the full brunt of cystitis, and this is according to the most optimistic statistics.

Pregnant women are also familiar with this disease, but here’s how to act: classic scheme they cannot treat it - for expectant mothers the list of approved drugs is not so long. What to do? Treat with herbs? How to behave with cystitis at the very beginning of pregnancy and in the later stages?

Cystitis: make sure you know the enemy by sight

Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder walls. As a result of inflammation, the functions of the organ are disrupted, which is why the pregnant woman develops a feeling of constant fullness of the bladder, pain, and pain during urination.

Cystitis is almost always provoked by microorganisms that exist in a certain amount in the body of every person, but not in the bladder itself.

For example, E. coli is a permanent “resident” of the human body. But it should not enter organs where its vital activity will be hazardous to health. Almost always, E. coli enters the bladder from the rectum. This can happen due to poor hygiene, improper washing, etc. Sometimes it is transmitted during sexual intercourse: from partner to partner. E. coli accounts for the largest percentage of all diagnosed cystitis.

If you have chronic cystitis and want a child, you should definitely consult a urologist. He will give recommendations on how to protect yourself as much as possible throughout the entire period of pregnancy from possible exacerbations. And we are not talking about medications: you cannot take antibiotics “just in case.”

Rather, it will be a list of prescriptions with various precautions and prevention of cystitis, which will need to be followed with the utmost rigor.

How does the disease manifest during pregnancy?

You can play it safe, but unfortunately, you cannot completely eliminate all the risks of developing cystitis during pregnancy. Although good news there is: today scientists are actively researching a drug that is already called a “vaccine for cystitis.” This innovative tool for obvious reasons, it has not yet gone on mass sale, but when the research part of the work is completed, everyone will know about the unique drug.

Perhaps the next generation will no longer know about such a disease: it will become as rare as measles and polio today.

If interested, ask your urologist about Uro-Vaxom. This is an already commercially available immunostimulant that helps prevent urological diseases, and, above all, cystitis. It may make sense to undergo such preventive therapy at the planning stage of pregnancy, because cystitis in pregnant women is more difficult to treat.

Symptoms of inflammation of the bladder walls:

Remember firmly: only a doctor knows how to treat cystitis during pregnancy. Moreover, first you should go to your gynecologist, and then to a urologist. Any self-medication puts your pregnancy at risk - this is an axiom.

Why does cystitis occur in expectant mothers?

They say that pregnant women are especially susceptible to cystitis. This is some exaggeration: if you think so, then expectant mothers will find signs of cystitis and mistake completely different, often quite physiological sensations for insidious inflammation.

Indeed, there is some increase in risks. But it applies more to women with chronic cystitis. Cystitis in early pregnancy, for example, may be explained by immunosuppression.

To put it simply, women experience some suppression of the immune system in the first weeks of bearing a baby. Her hormonal levels are changing. All this makes the expectant mother’s body vulnerable. A chronic diseases manifest themselves precisely during such periods - reduced immunity, restructuring of organ function, etc.

In addition to bacterial cystitis, the development of:

Drug-induced inflammation - it occurs due to the use of pharmaceuticals, the altered substances of which are released through urinary tract, at the same time irritating the mucous membrane of the bladder;
Allergic cystitis - appears in people with hypersensitivity to some components of such common household products as bath foam, hygiene gels, intimate lubricants, etc.;
Thermal inflammation of the bladder - it is caused by the influence of hot liquids on the mucous membrane of the organ.

Hypothermia rarely causes cystitis on its own. But if it happens to you, then the hidden illness can make itself felt. So don't go in bad weather short skirts, do not sit on stones and concrete, do not swim in cold water, do not resort to harsh, unsystematic hardening methods.

Is cystitis dangerous for expectant mothers?

There is no point in hoping that the body carrying the baby will quickly overcome cystitis using its own strength. Quite the contrary. It is dangerous for an expectant mother to get sick, no matter how you look at it. Complete treatment is not always possible; the body is already working at an increased rate, and the patient may feel much worse than usual.

What is dangerous about cystitis during pregnancy is the considerable risk of developing pyelonephritis. This diagnosis can be made for the first time to a woman during the period when she is “pregnant.” Inflammation of the kidneys in expectant mothers is called gestational pyelonephritis, and it is diagnosed in every tenth patient antenatal clinic. Cystitis and pyelonephritis are diseases of the same area. With cystitis, the bladder suffers, with pyelonephritis – the kidneys, but these are partner organs.

As the gestational age increases, the uterus grows in size, under its pressure the anatomy of the kidney changes, the blood circulation of the paired organ worsens, and urine discharge becomes worse. Hormonal changes changes muscle tone - there is a disruption in urodynamics, urine from the bladder is thrown back into the kidneys. And if there are bacteria in the urine, the kidneys become inflamed.

But even if it doesn’t come down to very dangerous pyelonephritis, there are many cases where cystitis became a provocateur of premature birth. Like any inflammation, cystitis is really dangerous for a pregnant woman and the child she is carrying.

How is cystitis diagnosed in expectant mothers?

Please note that cystitis is diagnosed not by pregnant women on forums, but by doctors. You come to the doctor, he writes down your complaints, makes a preliminary diagnosis, and sends you for tests. Since women registered for pregnancy are not used to undergoing tests, there is no need to do anything supernatural.

A simple urine test can be quite informative. Sometimes you have to resort to imaging tests: and if x-rays are a taboo for expectant mothers, it is necessary to check the bladder with an ultrasound. Based on the examination, the doctor will understand whether it is cystitis, what its nature is, etc. If you have chronic cystitis, tell your doctor this during registration.

How to treat cystitis in expectant mothers

If this is a bacterial disease, then it will not be possible to exclude antibiotics from therapy. A huge number of antibacterial drugs have a sharply negative effect on the fetus, so the expectant mother cannot choose her own medicine.

But there are antibiotics whose safety factor is high. The doctor knows what is possible and what is not for such special patients, he will prescribe you the safest remedy.

In addition to antibiotics, the therapeutic regimen may include:

The expectant mother needs bed rest during illness. Acute cystitis has such pronounced symptoms that in no case should it be tolerated “on your feet.”

Is it worth treating with herbs? Not all herbal medicine is possible for an expectant mother. Some herbs have an aggressive effect on a pregnant woman - for example, they provoke muscle contractile activity. This is fraught with miscarriage or premature birth, because the uterus is a muscular organ.

Lingonberries and cranberries, known for their effectiveness against cystitis, can be used. But do not overuse it - in some cases, sour berries provoke an exacerbation of gastrointestinal pathologies, if there are any in the anamnesis.

How aid Cranberry juice is useful, but it cannot in any way be used as the main medicinal product. Warming up - no, in case of acute cystitis it is very dangerous. Warming bath - again no, heat therapy is prohibited in principle (possible only on doctor's orders).

And even folk recipes It’s worth checking with your doctor - they may be far from harmless.

How to avoid cystitis during pregnancy

The simplest and most well-known hygiene rules are preventive measure No. 1. Pregnant women should wash themselves several times daily with running water at a comfortable temperature (the stream should be directed from front to back). Intimate hygiene products should only have a neutral pH.

Many gynecologists advise you to forget about a bath during pregnancy - a shower is definitely safer.

Other precautions:

Remember: there are pills for cystitis for pregnant women - but this is not absolute safe medicines(there are no such things at all). Any medications, which are prescribed to expectant mothers, this last resort. They are drunk if you simply cannot do without them.

A healthy pregnancy is not about finding the right pack of pills in the medicine cabinet. But if an illness occurs, don’t let it go – see a doctor and take only what the doctor prescribed.

Video - Cystitis in expectant mothers.

From conception to female body a global restructuring begins, which affects all organs and systems. Under the influence of hormones (both existing and new), protective functions are reduced by natural reasons. This helps the fertilized egg attach to the walls of the uterus. But this feature also has its drawbacks: while the immune system is forced to lose ground expectant mother attack hostile microorganisms. This invasion leads to a nasty problem called urinary tract infection.

The disease is divided into two forms: acute and chronic. The most common is the first one. It can touch every person, young and old. In most cases, its nature is infectious. As an exception, there are bacterial or hormonal causes.

First a wake-up call is a frequent, almost incessant urge to go to the ladies' room. The girl visits the restroom at least 5 times an hour. This symptom is accompanied by pain, burning, itching in the lower abdomen and perineum. Even after urination, the discomfort does not go away. The feeling of constant fullness of the bladder does not leave. Rarely, incontinence occurs. Urine also changes: it becomes cloudy with a sharp sour or putrid odor; if you look closely, you can see mucus and flakes in it; in severe cases, blood is visible in it.

If an increase in body temperature, weakness, or dizziness is added to these points, then you should immediately consult a doctor. Perhaps pyelonephritis was “added” to the underlying disease. This is very dangerous for your health.

Similar signs of pregnancy and cystitis

While waiting for the birth of your child, you should monitor your health more closely. Otherwise, it is possible to recognize untimely diseases and start treatment of emerging diseases late. In this situation, this threatens trouble not only for the lady, but also for her baby. Do not neglect warning signs, attributing them to the natural course of the first trimester. It is better to prevent illness than to get rid of it later.

What symptoms of urinary inflammation are most often confused by the fair sex with an “interesting” situation:

malaise.
frequent urination. This factor can confuse anyone. In fact, it can be related to both pathology and a joyful event. What is the reason for this? Are there differences and how can you recognize them? As soon as it was formed ovum and takes its “place”, then increased blood circulation begins. 3 months before birth similar phenomenon caused by an enlarged uterus, which puts pressure on the urinary tract. In any case, frequent trips to the toilet for a girl in position are not accompanied by pain, burning or other ordeals. This is the main difference. If you are not expecting a baby, then dealing with minor needs does not bring relief, but, on the contrary, increases suffering.
painful sensations. In the case of pregnancy, such symptoms occur less frequently. They are caused by the implantation of an egg into the uterine lining. But this picture lasts (normally) no more than 3 days. They describe it as dragging and insignificant. If an increase is not planned, then acute, cramping pain in tandem with an increasing need to visit the WC is a significant reason to consult a urologist.
new type of discharge. A physiological and normal pregnancy sometimes gives reason to think about hemorrhagic inflammation. A few drops of blood on linen or a napkin are another consequence of the “implementation” of the fetus. With certain anatomical features, several capillaries may be damaged at this moment. The event does not pose any risks or dangers.
elevated temperature. In some cases, the rising mercury column of the thermometer characterizes physiological norm conception (no more than 37.2). Rising progesterone provokes temperature. More high performance“they talk” about the inflammatory process. It can affect not only the urinary tract, but also the kidneys. This serious reason for excitement. If conception was planned, but cystitis occurs, then one does not exclude the other. It is required to undergo tests for further therapeutic measures that are gentle for mother and baby.

If you are planning to become parents, then carefully read all the points. After all, the disease often develops unhindered, affecting an increasingly larger area, and hormones dull the discomfort.

The rest of the “bells” can easily be confused by a layman with fertilization. Please note that the first 5-6 weeks of the birth of new lives most often do not make themselves felt. Therefore, ill health should be alarming.

How to identify cystitis during pregnancy (similar signs, etc.)

Were you expecting the coveted stripes on the test, but instead noticed how often you go to the toilet? How can you understand whether you are expecting an increase or whether a new diagnosis will appear in your outpatient chart? Don't worry. Eat simple ways answer this important question. You are pregnant if:

the frequency of trips to the ladies' room increases, but brings relief. Urine output is normal;
weakness, fatigue and drowsiness are not accompanied by fever (above 37.2) or pain;
the pain syndrome is short-term and does not cause much discomfort;

You have urinary inflammation if:

the need to urinate occurs every 10-15 minutes. Urine is released in small portions, and at the end it is very painful;
burning, itching and other uncomfortable feelings are constant, intensifying in the toilet;
you feel weak, suffer from a fever, have lost your appetite and have other signs of intoxication;
There have been changes in the color and smell of urine, there is mucus and blood in it.

But, if it is difficult for you to distinguish an illness from an “interesting” situation, then it is better to consult a specialist. After the examination, he will prescribe a series of studies that will help make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe competent treatment.

How to treat cystitis during pregnancy

Despite the fact that for 9 months the girl must take care of herself and refuse medications, illnesses do not miss the opportunity to take advantage of the gap in the immune system. Therapy in this case is mandatory. What are the effective and safest ways to get rid of urinary inflammation? The most common:

Drug treatment

It cannot be avoided if the disease proceeds with complications or has reached a chronic stage. The medications that everyone else uses to save themselves are not suitable for pregnant women. For them, they are chosen more carefully. The gynecologist weighs all possible risks and expected benefits before starting treatment. The following drugs are most often prescribed:

antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Cefuroxime, Monural);
pribiotics (Linex, Acipol);
uroseptics (Canephron, Fitolysin);
antispasmodics (No-shpa, Papaverine);

The dosage and duration of the course are determined by the doctor on an individual basis.

Folk remedies

If there are contraindications to drug treatment, then homeopathy is resorted to. This is considered the safest therapeutic option. Among the popular “medicines” of plant origin:

Cyston,
Monurel,
Phytolysin.

They have bactericidal, immunostimulating, diuretic properties. Side effects possible only with individual intolerance to individual components.

Cystitis only at first glance may seem like a harmless disease that can go away on its own. Very frequent urge to urination, severe pain and the burning sensation associated with it are the main signs of cystitis in pregnant women. But it's not just about pain and discomfort. Cystitis threatens with more dire consequences: the infection can get into the kidneys, which will significantly complicate the course of pregnancy.

Statistics show that every tenth pregnant woman experiences cystitis. Reduced immunity, change hormonal levels, disturbance of the vaginal microflora during pregnancy - these factors provoke cystitis during pregnancy. The disease occurs especially often if a woman has a history of predisposition to it. Infectious cystitis during pregnancy can be provoked by various microorganisms: streptococci, staphylococci, E. coli, as well as mycoplasmas, chlamydia, trichomonas vaginalis and others.

How does cystitis manifest during pregnancy?

Acute cystitis in early pregnancy appears suddenly, usually after a short period of time after hypothermia or the influence of another factor that provokes the disease. Its characteristic symptoms are: frequent painful urination, pain in the lower back and lower abdomen. Tests may also show the presence of blood and pus in the urine.

Chronic cystitis during pregnancy is a consequence of improper treatment of the acute form of the disease. In the chronic form, inflammation spreads to the entire wall of the bladder. Its manifestations are the same as in acute cystitis, but less pronounced. Chronic cystitis in pregnant women is either a continuous process with constant, not very pronounced symptoms of the disease, or often recurrent exacerbations.

How to treat cystitis during pregnancy?

Cystitis in the early stages of pregnancy cannot be ignored, but self-medication is strictly prohibited. It is important to realize that a disease cured in time will protect against possible complications affecting the health of the expectant mother and child in the womb.

A pregnant woman who has symptoms of acute cystitis needs bed rest, drinking plenty of fluids and a diet excluding salty and spicy foods. Don't delay your visit to the doctor. And do not even start treatment without his consultation. folk remedies, because many of the herbs are contraindicated for pregnant women. And if you try to treat cystitis in the early stages of pregnancy with the help of thermal procedures, you can provoke a miscarriage, and in later stages - premature birth.

So how to treat cystitis in early pregnancy? Don’t worry, today in the pharmacy arsenal there are effective synthetic drugs and herbal preparations for the treatment of cystitis in pregnant women.

Treatment of cystitis, as is known, is based on antibiotics, which are able to remain in the bladder for as long as possible to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. Modern antibacterial drugs that treat cystitis in early pregnancy are monural and amoxiclav. The first is absolutely safe and easy to use: just drink the contents of the sachet once. The second drug also has good results in the treatment of cystitis.

The ideal option for treating cystitis in pregnant women is instillation. These are procedures that involve introducing various antibacterial compounds into the bladder through a catheter. Instillations are carried out only in conditions medical institution. This method is very effective and can quickly cure cystitis in the early stages of pregnancy. The only disadvantage of the procedure is the discomfort from insertion of the catheter and the urge to urinate within an hour after instillation.

Cystitis during pregnancy: herbal medicine

Treatment with herbs - perhaps the oldest way getting rid of diseases. But many herbs are poisonous. Therefore, a woman who wants to cure cystitis in early pregnancy with the help of herbal medicine must strictly adhere to the instructions and prescriptions, and also take into account contraindications. Asparagus roots, horsetail, unrefined oat grain, dill seeds, lingonberries, rowan berries, rose hips, and cranberries can be used to treat cystitis during pregnancy.

Maximum healing effect will have herbal teas. There are also tablet forms, for example, Canephron. This remedy will effectively and safely cure cystitis in the early stages of pregnancy, because it has antimicrobial, antispasmodic and diuretic effects. A contraindication to taking Canephron is individual intolerance to its components.

Prevention of cystitis during pregnancy

Women prone to recurrent cystitis, even when planning a child, should take care preventive measures. First of all, you need to undergo a thorough examination to identify and treat gynecological diseases(mycoplasmosis, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis), which are asymptomatic, but can provoke cystitis in early pregnancy.

Tell your gynecologist about chronic cystitis when you register with the antenatal clinic. The doctor should make a note on the chart and refer you to a urologist to prescribe an effective regimen of medications for prevention.

Cystitis is especially dangerous in the early stages of pregnancy, because most medications are contraindicated during this period. In the first trimester, try to drink more fluids. Give preference mineral water, not very sweet compote of berries or dried fruits, cranberry juice or fruit drink. It is cranberries that have the ability to acidify urine, thereby preventing infections of the genitourinary system. In addition, cranberries are a storehouse of vitamin C, which helps improve immunity.

Make sure that clothes are not too tight and do not interfere with blood circulation in the pelvic area.

Another reason why cystitis occurs during pregnancy may be constipation, which often occurs in expectant mothers. To avoid them, include more raw vegetables, fruits and fermented milk products. Prunes, beets and one-day kefir are especially effective for constipation.

Simple rules will also help you avoid illnesses such as cystitis in early pregnancy:

do not overcool the body;
try to limit the consumption of smoked, salty and spicy foods;
If possible, urinate after intercourse;
use neutral intimate hygiene products;
Empty your bladder as soon as the need arises.

Cystitis during pregnancy can be caused by any infection in the body. Therefore, it is worth taking care of your dental health and treating chronic diseases. You also need to sit less, move more, and take breaks when working sedentarily.

Take care of your health and the health of your unborn baby!

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Cystitis is a very common phenomenon in the first trimester of pregnancy. Every tenth woman expecting a child encounters cystitis, or inflammation of the bladder walls.

The frequent occurrence of the disease during the period of waiting for a child is explained by hormonal and physiological changes characteristic of this period, and primarily by weakening of the immune system.

Cystitis is predominantly a female disease due to its characteristics female anatomy, namely short and wide urethra and its proximity to the vagina. This anatomical structure increases the likelihood of getting an infection in the bladder.

During pregnancy, this attack occurs especially often due to suppressed immunity.

Natural suppression of the immune system is necessary to prevent embryo rejection, but it also contributes to the development of various infections, including those leading to cystitis.

In addition, during pregnancy, under the influence hormonal changes The vaginal microflora may change. Pathogenic microorganisms from the vagina, entering the bladder, lead to inflammation.

The main factors that increase the risk of cystitis:

weakened immunity;
dysbiosis of the vagina and intestines;
past inflammatory diseases;
overwork;
hypothermia;
failure to comply with hygiene standards.

In order to prevent the occurrence of cystitis, you should wash the external genitalia at least once a day. But not more often!

During pregnancy, vaginal secretions increase, and women often begin to shower several times a day. Such zeal can lead to dysbacteriosis, and as a result, cystitis.

There are also non-infectious forms of the disease. They occur much less frequently than infectious ones. Their main reasons are as follows:

taking certain medications that are excreted in the urine;
, condoms, vaginal tampons.

Symptoms of cystitis

Signs of the disease may appear earlier than expectant mother finds out that she is pregnant.

The following symptoms are typical for cystitis:

frequent urge to urinate, during which little urine is released;
burning sensation at the end of urination;
cloudy urine;
change in urine odor.

Painful sensations can be either minor or very strong, and the temperature does not always rise.

It must be remembered that frequent urge to urinate during pregnancy is normal, since the growing uterus puts pressure on the bladder.

Therefore, cystitis can be diagnosed during pregnancy only by a combination of symptoms.

Cystitis can be acute or chronic. If a woman suffers from a chronic form of the disease, then it is very likely that an exacerbation will occur during pregnancy. Clinical manifestations of chronic cystitis are similar to those of acute cystitis, but less pronounced.

Basic diagnostic methods

If cystitis is suspected, a urine test is performed first. Three main methods are used:

general urine analysis;
urine analysis according to Nechiporenko;
bacteriological examination of urine.

A general urine test during pregnancy in the first and second trimesters is done twice a month. An increased number of leukocytes indicates an inflammatory process. If a general urine test shows questionable data, a urine test according to Nechiporenko will help clarify the diagnosis. To determine the presence of bacteria in the urine, a bacterial culture is done. Bacterial culture will also help establish the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.

Since vaginal discharge may be present in the urine, it is necessary to wash the genitals before collection. You can only use regular soap.

Urine is collected in sterile containers. If you plan to do bacterial culture, it is advisable to carry out the analysis no later than an hour after collection.

A physical examination is also carried out - palpation and percussion of the bladder. In addition, an ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder may be required to clarify the diagnosis.

Features of treatment of cystitis in the first trimester

Sometimes the symptoms of cystitis last only 2-3 days and then go away without special treatment. But much more often treatment is required. Since cystitis, as a rule, is an infectious disease, and many antibiotics cannot be used at the beginning of pregnancy, treatment of cystitis during this period has its own characteristics.

Drinking regime

If your kidney function is intact and there are no serious heart conditions, drinking plenty of fluids can be very helpful to reduce symptoms. Increased quantity fluid helps flush pathogenic microorganisms and toxins from the bladder. You can drink either regular boiled water or weak tea, but purified mineral water is the healthiest.

Make sure that your total fluid intake, which includes soups and compotes, is 2-2.5 liters per day. Drink not only during meals, but also between meals, on an empty stomach, and before bed.

It is especially good to use cranberry juice or fruit drink made from cranberries or lingonberries for cystitis. Cranberries have been shown to increase the content of hippuric acid in urine and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. It is best to drink 100% unsweetened cranberry juice.

As a rule, they do not occur before the twentieth week of pregnancy. But still, if you drink a lot of liquid, then to prevent edema, it is advisable to limit your salt intake.

Diet

Nutrition for cystitis should perform two tasks - to flush the bladder with plenty of liquid and to prevent irritation of the bladder walls. If you have cystitis, you should not eat foods that could potentially irritate the inflamed mucous membrane. These products are:

hot spices and seasonings (black and red pepper, mustard, horseradish, ketchup);
vegetables and herbs containing a lot essential oils(garlic, onion, celery, radish);
smoked meats, mushrooms, meat and fish broths;
strong tea, coffee, alcoholic drinks, carbonated drinks.

It is advisable to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. Watermelons and melons, which have a diuretic effect, are especially useful for cystitis.

If the symptoms of cystitis are severe, you can stick to a vegetarian diet for several days, and then carefully introduce fish and meat into your diet.

Drug therapy, approved pills in early pregnancy

Most medications in early pregnancy are prescribed only if the expected benefit is higher possible risk for the fetus.

If you are prescribed antibiotics, they should be taken strictly according to the schedule and in no case exceed the dose.

Antibacterials are commonly used during pregnancy. These are mainly tablets:

"Monural";
"Amoxicillin";
"Cefuroxime";
"Ceftibuten";
"Cephalexin";
"Nitrofurantoin".

Never take antibiotics without a doctor's prescription; during pregnancy, this can be very dangerous for the development of the fetus.

Also, for cystitis in the first trimester, you can take plant-based uroseptics: “Canephron N”, “Urolesan”.

Folk remedies for cystitis and treatment methods

To treat cystitis, infusions of various herbs and urological preparations are often used. Many people believe that herbal treatment while expecting a child is much safer than using medications. But that's not true. Some herbs contain substances that can affect fetal development and even cause miscarriage.

For example, in herbal infusions Lovage is often used to help with cystitis, and this herb can cause abortion.

You can drink infusions from lingonberry leaves during pregnancy. The crushed lingonberry leaves should be poured with a glass of boiling water and then placed in a water bath for half an hour. Then the infusion is filtered and cooled. It should be taken on an empty stomach twice a day.

You can also drink chamomile tea. But the popular sitz baths made from chamomile infusion are contraindicated during pregnancy, as are any hot baths. There are other herbs that can be taken to treat cystitis during pregnancy, but be sure to consult your doctor before using them.

Instillations

Instillations into the bladder are usually used for chronic cystitis in order to restore the mucous membrane. In acute cases, these procedures are contraindicated. When a doctor performs instillation, he injects a certain amount into the bladder through a catheter. medicinal product. This drug restores the mucous surface of the bladder and also has an antibacterial effect.

Some drugs for instillation, in particular Uro-Gial, cannot be used during pregnancy.

For pregnant women suffering from chronic cystitis, there are special instillation regimens, usually limited to one or two procedures.

Cystitis is not such a harmless disease. Advanced cystitis that occurs during pregnancy can lead to kidney disease and, as a result, complications during childbirth. Be attentive to yourself, try not to provoke the development of this disease and consult a doctor at the first symptoms.