wide swaddling newborn with hip dysplasia, performed on early dates life, will allow in the future to forget about such an unpleasant disease and lead a full-fledged lifestyle. Such treatment lasts at least several months. A variety of devices will come to the aid of mommy - covers, pads, panties for wide swaddling. You can learn how to perform wide swaddling from pictures or thanks to video tutorials.
What is the hip joint
The baby's hip joint is the largest in his body. It consists of two bone formations (the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the pelvis), the articular capsule, and ligaments. Figuratively, the acetabulum can be depicted as a cup or hemisphere. The head of the femur is an absolutely smooth ball. When moving in the joint, the head slides along inner surface cavities due to a special lubricant - joint fluid.
All this is covered by the articular capsule. It is quite strong, elastic, rather thick, so that the head does not slip out of the cavity during movements. In addition, ligaments and muscle tendons help to additionally fix the joint capsule.
What is the difference between a hip joint with dysplasia and a healthy one
Having imagined the structure of a healthy hip joint, it is easy to understand how it looks with dysplasia:
- the shape of the acetabulum changes (becomes flatter);
- the process of ossification of the femoral head is slow and delayed in time;
- the joint capsule may lose its elasticity and strength;
- the ligaments of the joint lose their elasticity.
Such changes no longer allow the femoral head to be held during movement. During movement, it slides off the flat surface of the cavity and rests against the joint capsule. The capsule is not able to withstand such a load.
Diagnosis of dysplasia
To help make the correct diagnosis of the baby will help his timely careful examination. If the child lies on his back, his legs are always bent at the knees and slightly apart. In a healthy baby, with a slight pressure on them, the legs are easily divorced and lie on the table.
Then the baby is turned over on the tummy on the changing table. On closer examination with dysplasia, the asymmetry of the folds under the buttocks and in the knee area is striking. The skin fold on the side where there is dysplasia and subluxation or dislocation will be higher than on the healthy side. There may also be an additional fold.
The leg on the diseased side may be slightly shortened, which is also associated with subluxation of the femoral head. However, all these changes are characteristic only for a situation where the pathology is unilateral. If she hit both joints at the same time, additional studies will help to make the correct diagnosis:
- joint x-ray.
Doctors give more preference to the ultrasound method in babies, because it is not as dangerous as X-ray - the baby is not irradiated with dangerous radiation. In addition, it allows you to consider the condition of the cartilage, tendons, joint capsule.
Wide swaddling - all the pros and cons
What is wide swaddling and why is it crumbs? IN last years approaches to caring for children in the first months of life have been radically revised. This also applies to swaddling.
If you put the baby on his back, he always bends the legs under him, slightly bending them at the knee joints. It has been established that this position is the most beneficial for the final formation of the hip joint. The faster maternal hormones are removed from the body of the crumbs, the faster the ossification of the femoral head and strengthening of the ligaments of the joint will begin.
Wide swaddling is not only a good alternative to stirrups for joint dysplasia, but also serves as a preventive measure for healthy children. It is best to perform such procedures before the child reaches the age of 6 months.
It is important to remember that prescribing wide swaddling for dysplasia hip joints only an orthopedic doctor should, since this method of treatment is not always indicated. This method of treatment is not indicated in the following cases:
In these cases, the question of the operation will be decided.
How to properly swaddle
The video will help you figure out how to properly perform the procedure for wide swaddling a newborn. They are posted on websites for moms and shown at special courses for expectant parents.
There are several ways of wide swaddling for dysplasia:
- using a diaper;
- using a case made by yourself;
- using a Freyka pillow;
- with panties.
All these devices perform one function - the baby's legs bent at the knees are widely bred. In this case, the head of the hip bone constantly rests against the cavity, thereby helping it to form in the form of a sphere.
How to swaddle wide with diapers
How to do wide swaddling? To perform this procedure at home, mommy will need one or more wide diapers folded in several layers. The width of the diaper should be such that both sides of it rest against the knees of the crumbs. On average, it should be approximately 20 cm.
The child is placed on his back. He reflexively bends the legs at the knees and pulls them up to the body. The knees at this time remain slightly turned outwards. It is important to remember this position and swaddle the baby in such a way that the legs remain divorced even after swaddling.
On the changing table, three diapers are placed alternately one on top of the other:
- expanded wide diaper;
- folded into a triangle (the top of the triangle is turned down);
- diaper folded in several layers.
The upper edge of this design should be under the armpits of the baby. A folded wide diaper is placed between its legs in such a way that one end of it reaches the level of the navel, and the other touches the lower back. This diaper will not allow the baby to reduce the legs.
So that such a wide gasket does not slip, it is fixed with a triangular diaper:
- the corner of the triangle, located between its legs, is wrapped on the tummy;
- the left end of the diaper wraps around the left thigh;
- right end - right.
On top of the entire structure, the child is swaddled with a wide rectangular diaper. It helps to securely fix all the elements and does not allow them to spread. It is best to study the process of wide swaddling with dysplasia on video.
Swaddling with a cover
Some mothers specifically for this purpose sew a kind of device that is fixed on the shoulders of the baby - a cover. The shape of its lower part resembles a diaper. Top part such a device is similar to a T-shirt, which ends with two straps. The width of the straps should be several centimeters. A button is sewn onto the front strap. On the back strap make a hole for it (loop). You can fix such a cover with ties or Velcro.
A wide diaper folded in several layers is placed as in the first swaddling method. A cover is placed on top of it. Over time, when the baby grows up, they change the button, or Velcro. Or make another loop in the back strap. Thus, the device will last for several months.
Wide diaper swaddling rules
It is convenient to swaddle the baby in a diaper. In this case, it becomes much easier for mommy to take care of the baby, since she does not have to wash diapers often. A video of wide diaper swaddling will help you understand all the intricacies of this process.
Swaddling with a Frejka pillow
Frejka's pillow is shaped like a panty for wide swaddling. It differs only in the presence of a dense frame inside, capable of more reliably fixing the legs in the divorced position. She is different sizes, which makes it easy to choose the right one as the crumbs grow. The pillow is worn on cotton fabric.
This arrangement allows the skin to breathe. It can be used around the clock with short breaks to wash the baby.
How long does the wide swaddling treatment last?
Mom swaddles her baby this way every day. With legs wide apart, the baby is almost all day. It is recommended to unwrap it on a short time- to wash, do gymnastics and massage.
Tight swaddling will not give an immediate effect. Parents should be patient and resign themselves to the fact that such a regime awaits them for many months. In addition, it is very important to periodically show a pediatric orthopedic doctor. Only this specialist can decide whether to continue such treatment or it can already be canceled. It is impossible to make such a decision on your own, since this is fraught with serious complications for the health of the baby in the future.
What do moms say on the forums
Since the problem of dysplasia in young children is quite relevant, mothers are actively discussing it in various forums. The most active moms discuss the benefits tight swaddling. However, this applies to healthy children. Those who are less fortunate are active supporters of swaddling. Moms confirm that covers and wide diapers, sewn by hand, are in no way inferior to designs from orthopedic stores. In their favor, mothers give the following argument - the diaper can be changed, making it wider, every time the child grows up.
WITH positive side young mothers are considering the use of special kangaroo backpacks for children with dysplasia. They agree that it is quite convenient for both the woman and her baby.
How much do wide swaddling devices cost?
All devices for wide swaddling are sold in orthopedic stores, salons with children's goods. The cost of panties or Frejka pillows does not exceed the cost of an ordinary diaper.
Important fact:
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When a newborn is diagnosed with hip dysplasia, parents get scared. If the disease is noticed as early as possible, then with the help of wide swaddling it is possible to get rid of dysplasia after a certain number of months.
Wide swaddling for dysplasia
With congenital dysplasia, the hip joint located next to them soft tissues, are formed incorrectly or incompletely. If this disease is ignored, the articular cartilage ossifies more slowly or the process proceeds with pathology. Mild dysplasia passes into the stage of hip dislocation or subluxation.
How to determine if a baby has dysplasia?
During a visual inspection of the folds in the thigh area, their different depths or lengths are observed. The length of the legs is different. You need to put the baby on its back and bend both legs - a shortened thigh will be visible. Also, the back is curved, the head is tilted to the side. By activity, the legs are shaped differently. A click is heard in the joint when the newborn moves its legs.
Also, the disease is determined by some signs. To do this, you need to get professional advice from an orthopedist during a scheduled visit. To confirm or absence of dysplasia, it is imperative to make a diagnosis:
ultrasound. It is done to make a diagnosis. In the future, an examination is carried out to monitor the progress of treatment. Such a study does not affect the baby's body. This makes it possible to carry out this procedure repeatedly. X-ray. This method of examination determines a more accurate diagnosis. X-rays are allowed from three months. If the case is serious, the doctor may allow such a procedure, starting in a few weeks. During the procedure, the baby's body is protected by safe protective pads. The duration is 1-2 minutes.
In infancy, wide swaddling helps with hip dysplasia. Thanks to this procedure, the legs of the baby take a natural position for the normal formation and formation of connective tissues.
Wide swaddling methods for dysplasia
Wide swaddling with dysplasia is necessary for the natural position of the child, as in the womb: the legs at the knees are bent and slightly apart. The method of treatment and duration of therapy is determined by the doctor.
Diapers and some special items are used to treat the disease. Wide swaddling with hip dysplasia can be done in the following ways:
With diapers. For this method, you will need three diapers. A newborn is placed on the 1st diaper. The 2nd diaper is folded in several layers. rectangular shape and put it between the legs. The 3rd diaper is laid in a triangle shape and the legs are wrapped ( Right side diaper wraps the right leg, left-hand side- left foot). The end of the 1st diaper is wrapped around the lower part of the body of the newborn.
Orthopedic constructions are used for more severe dysplasia:
Pavlik's stirrups. The application period is the third week of life - nine months. This design is considered the most comfortable.
Wide swaddling: how many hours a day can you swaddle with dysplasia?
In each individual case, the doctor prescribes the duration of the use of wide swaddling. The time period of wearing depends on the severity of dysplasia - from 12 to 23 hours a day + 1 hour is allocated for hygiene procedures.
The wide changing cover and the Frejka pillow are worn for 12-24 hours. When using the diaper method - from two to four hours. Tires must be worn for 24 hours and removed during water procedures.
Wide swaddling for dysplasia after 4 months
The first examination of the baby is carried out in maternity hospital. If a disease is found in early age and properly selected treatment (massage, wide swaddling, special gymnastics), a greater number of children practically recover by the age of one and a half. At diagnosis at 4 months and older treatment may take up to 4-5 years. The results of therapy for later dates don't bring that positive effect as in treatment with early detection of the disease. If dysplasia is detected after the child has begun to walk independently, then there may not be an absolute cure.
How to do wide swaddling with dysplasia? Video:
It is very important to detect dysplasia in time. After effective therapy, the orthopedist will continue to monitor the child - up to the age of five, 2 times during the year, then 1 time. With timely detection and observance of all the doctor's advice on wide swaddling, therapy will be successful.
Hip dysplasia refers to defects in the formation of the constituent parts of the joint. Improper formation can affect the articular cavity, the anatomical head of the femur, the muscles of the thigh, buttocks and iliac region, the ligamentous apparatus and the capsule.
Such a pathological process is predominantly congenital in nature, diagnosed in the first weeks and months of life. Girls are more prone to articular pathology than boys. The risk group includes children who were in utero in breech presentation. The lesion is much more often unilateral, with the left side suffering predominantly. The phenomenon is associated with the peculiarities of the location of the fetus in the uterine cavity, the tight attachment of the left thigh to the uterine wall. By severity, dysplasia is divided into a number of degrees. To restore the correct localization of the anatomical heads in the acetabular regions, the method of wide swaddling is often used.
Hip dysplasia in a child
Previously, hip dysplasia was considered a genetic feature that was unique to the Caucasian race. According to the results of scientific and practical research conducted by scientists, it was revealed that other human races suffer from dysplasia no less. Due to the fact that most women in Africa and Asia carry their children in special devices such as slings, children's legs are located freely, allowing the joints to be set in the correct position. As many people in Japan abandoned their historically tight swaddling, a significant drop in the incidence of hip dysplasia in newborns was seen.
The main purpose of wide swaddling
Swaddling children in a free way is useful regardless of the situation of making a diagnosis of congenital hip dysplasia. The method allows the child's legs to be located in a physiological half-bent position in the hips.
Such a posture is recognized as natural and physiological for a newborn child. healthy baby accepts it when the body is released from the diapers and the legs remain free. Due to the wide swaddling, the correct formation of the anatomical components of the hip joint occurs, becoming the prevention of dysplastic disorders of the hip joints. With the formed pathology, the method performs a therapeutic function. The task of wide free swaddling is included in the early and short time set the elements of the hip joint in the correct position, fixing in right way. With dysplasia, which shows little intensity, swaddling is used from birth, in some cases it is practiced for up to six months, until a full recovery occurs.
To swaddle a child in a free way, ordinary diapers or special orthopedic devices are used.
Easy ways to swaddle
To carry out swaddling, spread a diaper on the changing table, placing the fabric in vertical position.An additional diaper is applied on top. Required to fold in the form triangular scarf. With sharp corners, the diaper is directed to different sides, the obtuse angle of the triangle is directed downwards. The child needs to put on a disposable diaper, put on diapers. The baby's legs need to be bent at the hip joints, parted to the sides by 90 degrees. You can leave the baby for a minute so that the baby takes a comfortable physiological position. Taking the lateral ends of the triangle in your hands, one by one wraps one leg in them, then the second leg in the thigh area. The diaper passes from the side, go forward, then through the medial surface of the thigh to the back surface. You will need to take the lower end of the diaper and lift it to the umbilical region.
Swaddling for dysplasia
From above, between the legs, a third diaper is laid, folded in the form of a strip 20 centimeters wide. A light top diaper is wrapped with the upper edge around the abdomen to fix the diapers underneath. The lower edges of the diaper are folded up, lifted to armpit and secure by tucking in the top edge. If swaddling is carried out correctly, the limbs of the child will remain fixed at right angles to the body.
The described method of swaddling is simple and common, the principle of swaddling is maintained constant. The limbs of the child are divorced, bent at the knees and hips. The position of the child in diapers and undressed is the same. The posture is considered appropriate for correct formation joint.
Usually, children feel good with this method of wide swaddling, they get used to it easily and quickly, and soon begin to adhere to a natural position without outside support.
Other orthopedic devices for wide swaddling
In addition to standard diapers, today in orthopedic salons and pharmacy chains it is possible to purchase a lot of devices for correcting joint dysplasia in young children. It is allowed to build simple devices on your own.
The choice of device is entirely up to the parents of the child. Below is an approximate description of the devices available in the arsenal of orthopedics.
Orthopedic care
Orthopedic panties for free swaddling. The device, perhaps, can be attributed to the simplest and most available means. The child is put on special panties or panties with a compacted gusset. Easy to put on over a disposable diaper. Pants are inexpensive, significantly simplify the process of wide swaddling and allow the child to feel comfortable. The Frejka pillow is an orthopedic remedy that is often written and talked about. Many doctors recommend using this remedy. The device is a rigid orthopedic bandage. It needs to be laid between the hips of the child, fixed on the shoulders and waist with the help of special fasteners. Today in the media there are many recommendations on how to make such a pillow yourself. However, the pillow requires careful and attentive attitude. It is permissible to use the device only with mild degrees of dysplasia only on the recommendation of a doctor. Children's doctor teach parents how to properly handle the pillow, recommend optimal time overlays. It is recommended to select a pillow strictly according to size. If it is not cut to size or with violations of technology, this will lead to incorrect fixation of the heads of the hip joints and, ultimately, to dystrophic changes.
Orthopedic
Covers for free swaddling. To make the process of wide swaddling simple and convenient, it is permissible to use a special cover for fixing the baby's legs, made of thick flannel. A simple version of the cover is sewn in the form of an ordinary rectangular bag with lacing or Velcro. The length of the bag is calculated based on the distance from inguinal region baby up to the shoulder, multiplied by two. Fasteners are located on the side surfaces in the area of the waist of the baby. You can cut the cover yourself by cutting out the neck and sides. The cover is worn over clothing. Between the hips you will need to lay a small diaper folded in the form of a wide strip or rectangle.
home appliances
If orthopedic products are not available, it is possible to use devices made by with my own hands from improvised household materials. Simple fixtures help make life easier for mom, save time on swaddling and changing clothes. The principle of home devices is to mount not on the waist or hips of the baby, but on the shoulders. This method of fixation will prevent the diapers from slipping, and will not allow the child to bring the hips together.
You can take a flannel diaper, fold it to form a rectangle measuring 20 by 40 cm. The rectangle needs to be quilted often. Two buttons or Velcro are sewn on the longitudinal side, two loops or other parts of the Velcro are sewn on the other side. While the child is growing up, you will need to gradually alter the fasteners or cut out additional loops on the fasteners.
You can sew a regular cover from a light diaper. The cover will fix the child's legs with buttons and ties.
Wide swaddling as a preventive measure
Wide swaddling for dysplasia should be used as a therapeutic measure and for the purpose of prevention. In addition to wide swaddling, pediatricians recommend regular massage and physical therapy classes.
It is important to pay attention to how the baby is carried, held in her arms. When the mother holds the baby in her arms, his legs should be widely separated.
Often, the method of wide swaddling is quite enough for the heads of the femurs to take the correct position and securely fix, leading to the complete recovery of the child. In the first days and months of a newborn's life, the head of the joint is easy to set. The process gives moms trouble, but eliminates the need surgical treatment and wearing plaster casts. Lack of treatment on time leads to disastrous consequences, up to complete immobilization and disability.
Hip dysplasia is a congenital pathology of the location of the elements that make up the hip joint. Dysplasia can be described as a malformation of all parts of the articulation.
Unfortunately, this disease is quite common. Depending on the type of displacement of the femoral head, dysplasia is divided into:
- dislocation;
- subluxation;
- predislocation.
How to recognize dysplasia
For successful treatment It is extremely important to diagnose pathology as early as possible. If dysplasia is left unattended, the formation of the baby's joint will go the wrong way, which is fraught with irreparable defects in the future, up to disability.
Parents should be aware of the symptoms of this pathological condition, since at the first signs of dysplasia, it is urgent to show the child to the doctor. The most typical manifestation of dysplasia in children is the limitation of movements in the hip joint during passive hip abduction.
The presence of this feature is checked as follows:
- the baby is placed on the back;
- the legs are bent at the knee and hip joints;
- soft movements take the hips in different directions.
With dysplasia, passive dilution of the legs will be limited.
There is another way to determine the pathology:
- the child is placed on the stomach;
- his legs are bent in the manner of crawling.
If the hip joint is damaged, the violation will be noticeable in this position.
The presence of dysplasia may be indicated by the asymmetric arrangement of the folds located under the buttocks and on the thigh. In severe pathology, shortening of the limb is possible.
What does gymnastics do for hip dysplasia?
Usually, a complex of therapeutic procedures for dysplasia consists in treatment with a position for which the method of wide swaddling is used or in the application of a splint. In addition, dysplasia in children is treated with exercise therapy and massage.
With a mild pathology, you can limit yourself to these actions, especially since gymnastics for hip dysplasia is a very effective measure. Charging at an early stage of the disease helps especially well. For a complete recovery, the baby sometimes needs several sessions of exercise therapy.
Important! Until the child has learned to walk, parents should not apply any exercises to him in the position of "squatting", "standing" and in an upright position of the body. Failure to comply with this rule can lead to even greater deformation of the joint.
Any exercises from exercise therapy must be performed on a hard, flat surface. It can be a changing table or a dining table. Under the baby should put a waterproof diaper. Massage is carried out once a day. For the procedure, you should choose the time that is favorable for the child, that is, when the baby is not hungry, he good mood and nothing worries him.
The number of sessions per course is from 10 to 15. To consolidate the effect, it is necessary to go through 2-3 courses, between which there must be a break of 1.5-2 months.
This is due to the fact that for young children massage is a big burden.
A set of exercises for dysplasia
Joint girth. The child is on his back, the massage therapist wraps around the entire joint and massages it. Another option: in the same position, only the front surface of the thighs is massaged, after that the child is turned over on the stomach and the same movements are performed on the back of the thigh, with extreme caution if there is a congenital dislocation of the hip.
- Massage begins with stroking. Hands should fit snugly to the body in the hip joint. It is necessary to control the pressure of the hands, it should not be strong. Hands should easily glide over the surface of the skin and not move it.
- Spiral massaging movements are performed either with the whole palm, or with the index and thumbs. The surface of the thighs next to the genitals cannot be massaged. Stroking must be performed for 3-5 minutes, after which rubbing is done.
- When rubbing, the pressure of the hands should be stronger, the hands do not just slide over the body, but displace skin. It is better to rub the skin with fingertips, penetrating deeply into the muscles. When rubbing, you can use the same technique as when stroking. The duration of the procedure is 10 minutes.
It is very useful for dysplasia in children to include massaging the feet in exercise therapy, rubbing the buttocks and the lumbar region. These procedures improve blood circulation. Exercises are done 2-3 times a day, each of them is performed 10-15 times:
- "Bicycle" - the baby lies on his back. The child's legs must be bent at the knee and hip joints. In this position, movements are performed that imitate cycling.
- Alternate flexion and extension of the legs. When one leg is bent at the knee, the other is straightened at this moment. Then there is alternation.
- One leg of the child is bent at the hip and knee joint. At the same time, the massage therapist fixes the hip joint with one hand, and with the other, clasping the knee, slightly presses on it and rotates the thigh inward.
When performing the “breeding hips” exercise, you should not make sudden movements, the child should not experience pain. Otherwise, this will cause a negative reaction on the part of the baby, and in the future, if performing exercise therapy he will be restless all the time.
If a splint is placed on the child's joint, gymnastics should be carried out in the amount that is acceptable for this styling.
Taking the bent legs of the baby to the sides, you should try to put them on the table with the utmost care. At the same time, you need to constantly monitor whether there is positive dynamics. After the wellness courses of exercise therapy, parents should show the child to an orthopedist.
To determine the result of therapy, an x-ray of the joint may be required. The doctor, having studied the picture, will determine the condition in which the baby's joint is located. If physiotherapy did not help, you may need a splint. But most often this measure can be avoided if dysplasia is suspected in time and courses of therapeutic exercises are carried out.
Hip dysplasia in a newborn is a serious pathology that can make itself felt even after years. Although the pathology is serious, the sooner treatment is started, the greater the chance that the child will not feel the manifestations of dysplasia later. The choice of treatment method is determined by the doctor together with the child's parents. And the essence of the pathology is that the femoral head, for many reasons, dislocates from the place where it should normally be located. Later, this can affect not only the gait, but also the structure of the joint. How is hip dysplasia treated in children?
Only a pediatric surgeon or an orthopedic traumatologist can make a correct diagnosis and prescribe treatment. Diagnosis is made simply by clinical examination and x-ray of the joint, which will show characteristic symptoms dysplasia. When everything is established reliably, it is recommended to start treatment. But any parent will immediately ask if it is worth operating or can the child be treated only with pills? Only the attending physician can answer, since each case is individual, there is a direct dependence on the degree of violation.
You need to start treatment of dysplasia with fixation of the heads. On general condition this method of treatment will not affect the child in any way, but it will help the development of the joints, while the movements will contribute to the aggravation of the child's condition. Stirrups, developed by the Czech doctor Pavlik, plaster bandages, compression pants or diapers help to fix the heads. In such cases, wide swaddling or carrying the child in a stretcher is indicated.
Many have seen how a child is carried by parents in Eastern and African countries. According to statistics, dysplasia in these countries practically does not occur. The industry produces similar devices, which are called "kangaroo". If there is a risk of developing dysplasia, the doctor may use them to transport the child.
In the event that a child has clear signs dysplasia, it is supposed to use complex measures that will strengthen the ligaments and joints of the lower extremities. The doctor may prescribe:
- massage;
- physiotherapy;
- gymnastics;
- exercises in the pool;
- thermal procedures;
- physiotherapy techniques.
The use of treatment methods physical education will make the muscles stronger and distribute the load correctly. Physiotherapeutic and thermal procedures in the form of paraffin or ozokerite applications will help improve blood flow. Any technique is not without flaws, so it makes sense to talk about them in more detail.
Massage as a way to make muscles stronger
Treat hip dysplasia impossible without using massage techniques. You can do it at home, first the child is placed on his back, and then he should be turned over on his stomach.
Begin massotherapy it is necessary from the fact that you need to gently stroke, while the movements are light. Then it is recommended to stretch the limbs, a slight reddening will indicate the correct execution, which indicates an improvement in blood flow. During kneading, the child is prohibited from doing tricks with the use of force or pressure. Then they deal with the abdominal area, and only after that you need to move on to the area of \u200b\u200bthe diseased joint, here the methods can be very different.
If it is not possible to perform massage or there are no skills to perform it, it is better to contact a specialist. The massage therapist can do the procedure at home or in a clinic where the parent can come with the child.
Physiotherapy
Another milestone is physiotherapy exercises, it allows you to strengthen the ligaments, muscles and reduce the manifestations of the disease. Gymnastics helps relieve tension and strengthen the muscles in the hip joint. Recovery after exercise physical activity previously damaged joint.
You can use gymnastics from the moment when the child was born, it allows you to influence reflex zone legs. Parents can gently and smoothly stroke the area of the foot and heel, while the child contracts the toes on the foot.
For a newborn, this is the norm; in an adult, this is pathological and is called the “Babinski reflex”. It is also important to help the child crawl as early as possible, for this he can be placed on the surface of the crib, sofa or his own palms. The baby at this time is repelled from the surface and tries to move.
Also ongoing gymnastics for hip dysplasia should strengthen the muscles in the arms and torso. An instructor or parents can do gymnastics with a child. It is useful to turn the child from back to stomach and vice versa, during this the baby tries to move his arms and legs.
Methodology
Gymnastics is performed in a supine position, the child's legs are bent as much as possible at the knees and hip joints, and then gently straightened. Then the legs are bent at the knees and hip joints and bred at an angle of 90 degrees, do it gently, slightly rotating them. Also, the legs, bent at the joints, are bred to the surface of the table, each exercise should be performed 8 to 10 times.
Physiotherapy
Electrophoresis is the most commonly used hip dysplasia in children, but only after a year of life. The procedure is carried out with the addition of calcium and chlorine to the solution, which wets the contact pads. The use of applications of ozokerite or paraffin is shown, which help to treat dysplasia. The techniques that have been described make it possible to make the hip joint in which the problem has arisen stronger.
It is also worth constantly remembering that any procedure depends on the degree hip dysplasia joints and is performed only under the supervision of the attending physician and an instructor in therapeutic gymnastics and massage. Conduct electrophoresis at home, paraffin applications contraindicated. As a result of the inept actions of the parents, the child risks getting burned, and there is a risk of life, because electrophoresis is carried out using special apparatus and under the supervision of a specialist.
Leg extensions
When there is a risk of dysplasia or it is insignificant, it is indicated to use special devices. The doctor may prescribe the use of a Frame pillow, wearing tight pants or fixing the legs in Pavlik's stirrups, as well as staged plaster casts aimed at gradually diluting the legs.
Using the Frame pillow allows you to fix your legs in the desired position. The pain does not bother the child, and the device itself does not cause discomfort. It is used in a child who is not one month old. The parameters are different, and the choice of device is carried out according to the recommendations of the attending physician. Sizes are selected individually, depending on the characteristics of the baby.
Another device that may be recommended by a doctor is tight pants. Their action is the same as that of the Frame pillow, but the difference is that the child's legs are fixed in a special position, which resembles the “frog” pose. They are slightly bent and spread apart, parents often prefer this particular treatment method. Pants are comfortable to wear Everyday life, while wearing the child does not experience discomfort.
The most common treatment for dysplasia is Pavlik's stirrups. They consist of struts with straps for fixing the legs, as well as a corset, on the chest with straps. All these details allow you to keep an even position of the body, not to cause pain and discomfort. All parts are perfectly fixed and do not injure the skin.
Wide swaddling technique
After the diagnosis is established, the doctor recommends that parents apply wide swaddling. With the help of a folded diaper, placed between the legs of the child, which are bred to the sides, after which the child is swaddled. The method is gentle and humane in relation to the child.
To carry out the technique, three diapers are required, one of them is folded into several layers, the width of which is approximately 20 centimeters. Then a similar roller is laid between the legs of the child so that they are spread apart. The second diaper is folded into a triangle, one corner should be laid between the legs, and the other two wrap around the child's legs, after which they are bred 90 degrees. The third diaper will be required to swaddle the baby to the waist area, the legs should be pulled up, but so that the feet are not connected. It is in this position that the child will feel good and comfortable.
Operation
When the entire diagnostic complex of measures and treatment with conservative methods were carried out, but the effect could not be obtained, radical methods in the form of surgical intervention are indicated. Also, the operation is indicated in the case when there is a significant change in the function of the legs, permanent dislocations, fractures. Held surgery for hip dysplasia after a year or more.
Options for surgical interventions
There are several technologies that can radically cure pathology. You can apply osteotomy of the damaged area, its essence is to change the shape of the bones in the joint. The bone grows together quickly, there are no changes after surgery, the child is undergoing rehabilitation.
Some surgical techniques have the goal of extremity alignment. At the same time, palliative techniques are used, they are necessary in the case when there are indications for surgical intervention, but it is not possible to carry it out. There are several circumstances associated with age, severe comorbidities, blood diseases, and allergic reactions.
In adulthood or in a severe case of the disease, it is indicated to replace the joint with an implant and perform an operation for arthroplasty.
After surgery, the child's legs must be fixed, this can be done with a plaster cast. Older children are explained the need for such measures. The tire will contribute to the proper fusion of the bone, the joint is formed correctly.
Recovery period
After surgery during the recovery period, it is indicated to wear, in addition to splints, stirrups or pillows. This stage is considered important for the further outcome of the surgical intervention. There are some rules that should be strictly adhered to in order to obtain the maximum result.
When the child is in the supine position, the legs should hang freely. This will relieve the load from the operated area of the lower extremities. While the child is in his arms, his face should be turned towards the parent, and his legs should be wrapped around his torso. Loads in a vertical position on the legs are completely excluded until the bone is completely fused. If this rule is neglected, even the smallest load can lead to deformation and change right position limbs.
If you have to travel a long distance, you can not put the child on the seat or hold it in your arms. In this case, there is a special transport chair, in which the child is not only comfortable, but also useful to sit. When the child sits on a chair during feeding, a roller should be placed between the legs. It can be done with a pillow or soft towel, it is not difficult for parents, and the child's legs are in a divorced position.
Consequences of the disease
In case of absence hip dysplasia in a child under one year old, the probability of its occurrence later decreases. Timely examination, treatment and proper care after surgery will help to get positive result with minimal consequences.
It is important to decide why you need a wide swaddling baby. At an early age, it is used for prophylactic purposes, as well as for the treatment of hip dysplasia. For healthy babies, this type of swaddling serves as an adaptation in the new world.
Wide swaddling of a newborn
Wide swaddling and loose swaddling are not the same. These techniques are often indistinguishable. What are the features of wide swaddling?
- Using the technique of wide swaddling, the body is not completely wrapped, but exclusively below the waist.
- The legs must be fixed in a position that is comfortable for the baby - bend, then slightly spread apart. This posture is observed in children when they are undressed.
- The use of improvised means (roller, pillow), fixing the legs.
At free swaddling these funds do not apply.
Wide swaddling newborn video:
Wide swaddling of children comes down to wrapping the baby's legs in a natural position. This type of swaddling is practiced from the very birth of the child.
The advantages of the wide swaddling technique cover aspects:
- Ease of use. With this diagnosis, only a specialized health worker has the right to treat with massage (not restorative) and all kinds of techniques.
- In early infancy, wide swaddling is used or a sling is used. In late infancy - rigid structures (Pavlik's stirrups or Freik's pillow).
- Probability of not resorting to the operational method. It is used in the absence of a positive effect. The consequences of operations and rehabilitation can be dangerous.
In case of problems in orthopedics, changes in tone and for physioprophylaxis, it is recommended to use wide swaddling.
How to do wide swaddling?
Consider 3 wide swaddling techniques: with one, two, three diapers, as well as swaddling on a diaper. Each method can be used for the prevention, treatment of diaper rash, dysplasia and other ailments.
Technique with one diaper
This method is for calm children, or it can be used during sleep.
Prepare a diaper for wide swaddling:
- Spread a rectangular diaper on a hard surface and fold it in 2 times.
- One pocket of the diaper needs to be opened, we get a triangle.
- We prepare the middle part for the fold and fold it into a rectangle.
Wide swaddling is often practiced to prevent hip dysplasia. This disease can develop in girls more often than in boys. It is usually found late in the course of the procedure. ultrasound during pregnancy.
Doctors identify three causes of dysplasia in newborns:
- Large fruit;
- oligohydramnios;
- Presentation of the child in the gluteal position.
All this can affect how exactly the child is in the womb.
If dysplasia was detected in the early stages of development, it can be quickly dealt with. To detect it, the following procedures are carried out:
in the maternity hospital legs of a newborn bred one hundred and eighty degrees, and if they can lie completely on the surface in a bent state, then there is no disease of the hip joints. But you can also do similar actions after discharge from the maternity hospital.
Dysplasia can cause a dislocation or subluxation of the hip in a newborn. To avoid this, it is necessary to use the method of wide swaddling. These actions can be performed until the baby is one year old. It is important to start using the wide swaddling method only when prescribed by a doctor for the treatment of hip joints, since if you do it yourself, you can be ineffective.
Swaddling the baby in a wide way, you can achieve the position of the child almost as in the prenatal state. The main rule of this method is that the child's legs are in a divorced state. in a permanent free-bent position. The baby should be comfortable all the time, as this position is completely natural. It is important to constantly monitor his reaction in order to notice discomfort in time.
Wide swaddling accessories
Treatment of such a deviation can only begin as directed by a doctor. He must examine the baby and conduct a series of some examinations and calculate how many days it is necessary to carry out prevention and treatment, as well as exactly how to do it.
There are several devices with which you can treat dysplasia:
- diaper;
- Freud pillow;
- Panties for swaddling;
- Changing case.
diaper
With the diaper method, the child must be laid on three diapers. Each of them must be wrapped around it in a special way.
First layer- used for the very last step of swaddling. In order to start swaddling, you need to fold one diaper several times in a rectangle. Then lay it between the legs of the baby.
Second diaper must be folded into a triangle and wrap it around the baby's legs.
Put the third under the child, it will terminate the entire process. By wrapping the baby's body with this diaper, you can finish swaddling. Leave only the handles free, as they may be useful to the baby to complete your little tasks. Swaddling can be considered complete at this stage.
The pillow has the same property as other devices that are used to treat and prevent dysplasia. It is made in the same way as the case. Its main difference is that it has a hard inner layer, and the cover is in an additional way swaddling.
Apply the Freik pillow in case the condition baby lung and dysplasia is at an early stage of development.
Panties for changing
In my own way appearance they look like normal reusable diaper, but are slightly different.
You can use such a device when the child reaches the age of one month. The main thing is to observe the baby and his condition. It is usually comfortable for a child to be in such panties, as they are quite soft and provide a natural position for the baby's legs.
Wide swaddling bag
This method is quite interesting. A wide swaddling cover is not only a way to prevent joint dysplasia, but can also be used as a dress code. Using special carriers for babies, such as ergonomic backpacks or slings, can be a good preventative measure. This method can be very convenient, because by placing the baby in such a carrier, you can easily go for a walk or do some household chores.
A large selection of devices for the prevention of dysplasia makes it possible to choose exactly what is best for the baby. Each of them has its own specific advantages. Swaddling can replace the use of conventional disposable diapers, the Frejka pillow is used when the baby is not yet able to sit up, the wide swaddle cover is used how to carry babies.
Before starting prophylaxis, it is necessary to choose a place for the procedure. In everyday life, a changing table becomes necessary, which can later be replaced with a bed, in which, in addition to carrying out procedures, you can still sleep at night.
Techniques and methods of wide swaddling
Panties for changing– can be put on in the same way as normal diapers.
Technology and sequence:
- You need to spread a diaper on the changing table;
- Put the baby on a diaper;
- Wear a vest;
- Put a diaper on the child;
- You can wear panties for wide swaddling.
Panties can be worn on top of a thin layer of clothing, diapers, diapers and other things. This method should be used only if there was a doctor's prescription. In other cases, treatment may not be effective.
- it is a rigid bandage that must be placed between the legs of the child and fixed with special ties or patches.
This device can be made independently:
The pillow can be worn on top of diapers or thin layers clothes You can wear this device no more than twelve hours a day. When using the Frejka pillow, you need to optimize the process so that you alternate between treatment and rest.
Changing bag - it is used more often than other methods of prevention.
In order to sew a cover on your own, you need tools such as:
Swaddling methods
Many doctors believe that children should be swaddled from birth, without exception. Using this method, you can create comfortable conditions baby, practically recreating the conditions in which he was in the womb.
A wide swaddling method must be used if a disease such as hip dysplasia in children is detected.
There are three main swaddling methods.
- First way. One diaper must be folded into a triangle and laid between the legs of the baby. Fold the second diaper in a triangle, place it under the buttocks and wrap the edges around each leg. The third diaper is placed under the child and the lower part of the child's body is swaddled, while the legs should be spread apart and pulled up.
- The second way. The diaper needs to be wrapped around chest , in the region of the armpits. After that, the right bottom edge wraps around the right leg, and the left around the left leg. The remaining piece of diaper is wrapped around the legs so that they can move.
- The third way. To perform this method, you need to prepare a large diaper and fold it diagonally. The left end wraps around the left thigh, and the right end wraps around the right. After that, the remaining corner must be thrown up to the level of the navel. The resulting design should look like a diaper.