Some children begin to consciously distinguish colors before they are one year old, but this is rare. The vast majority of children develop these abilities between 1.5 and 2.5 years. Possible exercises for studying colors depend on the level of knowledge about the world around us and development fine motor skills. Below are the basic games and techniques for learning about flowers for the first time.
The peculiarities of studying colors with the little ones are that new subjects and materials for study must be introduced gradually. Many properties of unfamiliar materials can distract the child from the main topic - color. Therefore, if the child is not yet familiar with drawing and modeling, then before starting to study colors, be sure to conduct several classes to get acquainted with paints and plasticine.
Learning colors | Ready to learn
Ikeevskaya plastic dishes goes well with scouring sponge cubes
To test readiness to learn colors, provide your child with a variety of objects of the same shape and size different color and ask them to divide them into groups - sort them. If your baby copes without difficulty, you can start learning individual colors.
Options for sorting items:
- cubes;
- details of construction sets (Lego, etc.) and mosaics;
- buttons;
- colored plastic dishes;
- foam cubes from a sponge for washing dishes (In order to get cubes, you need to separate the hard dark green layer and cut the sponge with scissors. The green layer comes off neatly if you first wet and dry the sponge a couple of times).
Learning colors | Colorful day plan
Once you have determined that the child successfully copes with distinguishing colors, you can begin to study them. It is better to spend the whole day studying the first names of colors (red, yellow, blue, green) (one day for each color). As an example, I will describe one day of studying color. Other colors will be studied similarly.
Day plan for studying the color red:
| 1. Show a group of red objects and explain that they are red. |
| 2. Draw a picture or color the picture with red flowers. If the child is under two years old, one drawing tool is enough. For older kids, you can add variety by using red paints, markers, pencils and crayons. An alternative to drawing is sculpting. If you like days full of activities, you can have time to draw and sculpt. For example, before nap drawing, and in the evening modeling. We also read about modeling with kids. |
| 3. We suggest sorting - select red parts from the proposed set of toys and objects of different colors. |
| 4. We organize a “hunt” for red things. Together we look for red everywhere. At home - in the interior and clothing; on walks, please show us the red cars. |
| 5. Read books, look at cards with pictures of red objects. |
To increase the effectiveness of color studies, it is necessary to actively use the names of the colors being studied in speech. For example, we say not “Now let’s put on a blouse and go for a walk,” but “now let’s put on red blouse...", "We'll eat red apple”, “Look how beautiful red car" etc.
To give your child even more impressions, dress your child in red clothes and add foods of the studied color to the daily diet:
- Red - berries, tomatoes, paprika;
- Orange - pumpkin, carrots, orange;
- Purple - grapes, blueberries;
- Green - lettuce, peas, kiwi, avocado, grapes;
- Yellow - pineapple, banana, paprika, cheese;
- White - rice, cottage cheese, milk.
Learning colors | Drawing and sculpting
Closer to two years of age, mixing play dough and dye can be done together with the baby. In this case, of course, you must be prepared to wash your dirty hands
Creativity allows you to gain the most in-depth knowledge about colors. At the beginning of your acquaintance with colors, you need to engage in creativity using one color you are studying. When the baby grows up, we demonstrate how to obtain shades by mixing:
Learning colors | Color lotto
There are many lotto options. one of our options. Rules of the game:
- We lay out cards with animals in front of the baby;
- We give the child one card with a palette and ask him to find an animal of a given color.
You can also, on the contrary, give out cards with animals and ask them to choose a palette.
After multiple successful palette selections, offer a memory training game. Give your child a black and white version of the animal card and ask him to choose a palette.
Learning colors | Books about flowers
To study colors, you can purchase books entirely devoted to flowers, or you can use collections with various tasks. Large selection I have described collections of educational exercises for children 1-2 years old
The following hits can be distinguished from books about flowers:
For little ones 2-3 years old:
 « What happens in blue» from the series Wonderful stickers from the publishing house Mozaika-Sintez (Labyrinth, Ozone, My-Shop) Books in this series contain interesting tasks and cute stickers. The only negative is that the stickers are disposable. More detailed description read from photo spreads in |
|
A cardboard picture book with flaps is what kids need! |
Baby's big book. Learning colors(Labyrinth, Ozone, My-Shop) Learning colors Photo book with spreads different colors. Large format book with coated (glossy) paper and high rating in the Labyrinth. Such books seem useless and meaningless to me, but for some reason many people love such books. But it’s much more interesting about colors: flaps, stickers, search engines, tasks and other interactive things. |
For children 3-4 years old:
|
Fun hide and seek games. Learn colors and counting (Labyrinth, Ozone, My-Shop ) A wimmel book with high-quality illustrations for searching for objects in the fields. |
Richard Scarry: Colors, Shapes and Numbers (Labyrinth) A magazine book from children's book classic Richard Scarry. The book contains a bunch of tasks and comes with stickers that need to be placed correctly. |
Hello color! (Labyrinth, Ozone, My-Shop) A small, ambitious interactive book about color mixing, warm and cool shades. Stylish design. By rotating the wheel you can change the color of the cut-out chameleon image. For gourmets and aesthetes, the rest will say nonsense. |
Toys and materials for learning colors
 Kit " Creativity from the cradle» (my-shop, ozon) a large set of cards with shades, books about primary colors, as well as manuals with ready-made activities to study colors and shades. My detailed review dialing |
 Lotto-memory “Learning colors. Who showed up? (my-shop) |
 A win-win option for learning colors is a sorter with colored keys (my-shop). In addition to getting acquainted with flowers, the child will also improve his motor skills |
Learning colors | my approach
A few words about Yana's study of flowers. Her ability to distinguish colors began to manifest itself at 1.3. It was at this age that we learned red, yellow, and blue. The first color was the hardest, each subsequent color was easier. For us, it would be more effective to study colors from the age of one and a half, but I was really impatient :) By the age of 1 year. 6m. Yana has mastered 10 primary colors. At that time, I offered her the simplest exercises. On this moment We moved on to gaining skills in manipulating shades.
After I acquired the skill of studying colors, I thought about the advisability of cramming the names of a large number of shades and came to the conclusion that this was unnecessary. We unobtrusively study only the most common ones (turquoise, light green, beige, etc.). In the future, I plan to expand to less common shade names that I use myself (champagne, lilac, indigo, etc.)
In any process, choosing a goal is important, otherwise there will simply be no result. After studying the primary colors, my main goal was to teach Yana to compare the colors of various objects and phenomena. I want her to be able to describe shades with images - “dark blue, like the sky in the early morning,” “blue, like the sea on a clear day,” “gray-blue, like the reflection of the sky in a dirty puddle,” etc.
In conclusion
Studying colors is a qualitative expansion of one's horizons. By recognizing colors, the child receives new method classification of all surrounding objects - by color. By the way, in addition to the developmental effect, knowledge of colors opens up a child’s a large number of the most interesting games with color.
Interesting discoveries for your kids!
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For a long time now I have been promising to write an article about how to teach a child to distinguish colors and about how we did it with Taisiya. Judging by the number of questions I receive, this topic interests many mothers. This is not surprising, because knowledge of colors is an integral part sensory development baby. Getting to know color significantly expands a child’s understanding of the world and allows him to classify all surrounding objects in another way - by color. In addition, the ability to distinguish colors opens up a new layer of interesting educational games for the child.
When does a child begin to distinguish colors?
Experts say that for a child, the world takes on colors within the first 3-4 months of life. Indeed, a child can pay attention to contrasting patterns and react differently to rattles of different colors, but, of course, it is too early to talk about conscious separation of colors at this age. The ability to find a certain color among others, and even more so to name colors, appears in the baby much later. no earlier than 1-1.5 years . well and exact dates depend solely on whether you pay attention to learning colors with your child.
You can name colors while playing with your baby for up to a year, and there will be no harm from it. Well, after a year, you can introduce special “color” games, which will be discussed in this article. These games are also suitable for 2-3 year old children who are still confused about the names of colors.
Child's readiness to remember color names you can check it very easily. When playing with cubes (construction sets, balls in a dry pool...), take, for example, a red cube and ask your child to find exactly same, same. If the child understood you and coped with the task, we can say that he distinguishes colors and is ready to learn their names.
Learning colors during everyday games and walks
Generally speaking, I am convinced that in order to teach a child to distinguish primary colors, there is no great need for special classes; it is enough just to regularly name the colors during your regular games. - be sure to pronounce the colors of pencils, build from cubes, construction sets or mosaics - also do not forget to remember the shades of the details. The same applies to dressing, walking, and your other favorite activities - in conversation, constantly name the colors of the objects and gaming materials around you.
Just remember that “learning colors” does not mean that you have to constantly examine the child “Tell me what color it is”, “Show me where red is”, etc. A child, like any other person, does not like being tested on his knowledge, so at first just name the colors and answer your own questions: “Where is the yellow cube? Here he is!" “Let’s draw the grass with a green pencil.”
How to teach a child to distinguish colors? Games
In “sorting” games, the child is required to divide objects into groups, focusing on their color, and you are also required to constantly say the names of colors , so that they are deposited in the baby’s head. What can you sort? Here are some game options:
You can make a color sorter from any unnecessary box; just cover the box with colored paper and make a few slits. You can push mosaic pieces, multi-colored paper clips, buttons, etc. into the slots. Our sorter is made from a tea box and mosaic pieces. There are sometimes ready-made options.
- We put toys and other things on the floor small items household items and invite the child to sort them into boxes of the appropriate color. Instead of boxes, you can prepare a large sheet of paper with different colored sections. Our game was much more dynamic when we distributed colored sections between Taisiya and her favorite toy. For example, Tasya selected all the red objects, and the doll Masha selected the yellow ones.
- We find a mother hen for each testicle, focusing on color.
Place all the eggs in a cut-off plastic cup attached to the chicken.
You can come up with a huge number of color sorting options; it’s impossible to list them all here. You can place colorful butterflies in flowers, fruits and vegetables in baskets, and settle colorful animals in houses... By the way, in A collection of games from readers there are still good ones.
2. Games from the “Match a Pair” series
Games from the “Match a Pair” category are also well suited for learning colors. You can select lids for houses, caps for gnomes or clowns, housing for colorful people, etc.
You can try this version of the game: lay out the incorrect version in front of your child in advance and ask him to correct the mistakes.
3. Color lotto
Games based on the lotto principle become interesting to children at about a little over a year old. Of course, for now the kids don’t play by adult rules, but simply match cards to the playing field with pictures.
In color lotto, the pictures on each playing field have only one color. (An example of a colored lotto can be found DOWNLOAD HERE ). Therefore, to collect such a lotto, the child needs to select cards of a given color from the rest and place them correctly on the field.
In a more complicated version, you can use 2-3 playing fields at the same time, and also learn to match color and black and white images, just like in the game « Gnomes and houses» (Ozon, My-shop, Read) from "School of the Seven Dwarfs".
4. Colorful days
This method of introducing color is very popular now. It lies in the fact that within one day (and some even stretch out this pleasure for a whole week), the child very often “comes across” the same color, regularly hears its name and, accordingly, quickly remembers it. So, on red day, you and your baby can dress in red clothes, find all the red toys and even eat red fruits and vegetables. Of course, all this time you will remind your child what color is on your way. Here is a sample list of what you can do on a “colored” day:
Together with the baby, we look at pre-selected toys of the color being studied;
- We put on clothes in appropriate colors;
- We walk around the apartment looking for toys and other objects of the color being studied;
- While walking, we look for cars of the color we need;
- Playing with color;
- We look at a book or cards with pictures of the color we need ( download sample cards);
- We play lotto of a given color (see above);
- We include in the menu products of the studied color (For example, for red day suitable: berries, tomatoes, red apples, pomegranates; For green : grapes, green olives, lettuce, peas, green apples, green beans, kiwi, avocado; For yellow : banana, corn, yellow apples, lemon, butter, cheese, pineapple; For white : rice, cottage cheese, semolina porridge, milk; For orange : carrots, apricot, pumpkin, orange)
5. Doman cards “Colors”
To be honest, I believe that studying colors is the simplest and at the same time the most effective method, especially if we are not talking about too “traditional” tones. Doman classes require a minimum of effort and time, and the colors are almost guaranteed to be remembered, especially if earlier baby already had experience interacting with cards. Just remember, in order for the learned colors not to fly out of the child’s head after a month, their names must be consolidate through other games (sort by color, play lotto, etc.).
What is also important: learn only those shades that you yourself distinguish and whose names you are really ready to use in your games and conversations. Don’t get carried away with sets like “100 flowers” from “Umnitsa”. What's the point of learning, for example, the shade purple, if when you encounter it in life, you yourself will most likely call it purple. This will only confuse the child.
My daughter and I started learning colors using cards at 1 year 4 months (by that time Tasya already knew and showed the four primary colors). Over the course of a few days, we memorized another 14 colors from the cards (a total of 18 in our arsenal) and began to mention their names in our games. For those who are skeptical about Doman’s method, I can assure that Taisiya to this day has not forgotten any of the colors she studied then!
Read more about the Doman method and the principles of training. "Colored" cards can be DOWNLOAD HERE and buy HERE.
6. Board games
After 2-2.5 years, you can use Board games. For example, a good option:
(Ozon, My-shop) and its analogue - game "Shapes", I wrote about them before.
Educational cartoons
Educational cartoons can be a good help in learning colors. A couple of cartoons on this topic:
Books
Don't forget about books. You can read about colors in poetic and artistic form, for example, in the “Colorful Book” Marshak, or in Suteev’s story “The Rooster and the Colors” (usually published in Suteev's collections).
Learning colors plays important role in child development. And not only because it is important for the baby to learn to distinguish colors, but also because from this moment the development of aesthetic perception begins. Although it seems very simple to us, it can be not so easy for children to learn the necessary information. Cartoons from the Very Important Channel will help here.
All cartoon series
Video gallery
Colored helicopters. Learning colors and shapes. Educational cartoons for children.
Plot
The cartoons of this developmental channel apply the main principle of any training - the presentation of information in game form. Watch online cartoons « Fun learning flowers" on our website will be of interest to children aged 2-4 years. Older children are usually already interested in game videos with a full-fledged plot. The Very Important channel has collected a wide variety of cartoons for kids dedicated to learning colors. For example, children will certainly be interested in funny cars of different colors that drive around the city, organize races, etc. There are videos in which kids are taught not only to distinguish colors, but also to assemble individual parts the whole is puzzles dedicated to funny cars of different colors. There are also cartoons in which other characters appear instead of cars - for example, a boat. Moreover, such videos are built on the principle of virtual coloring books.
Glen Doman is a well-known figure not only in physiology, but also in pedagogy. Cards for children are widely used today in preschool pedagogy for the rapid and comprehensive development of children's intelligence, as well as for the treatment of children with brain damage. You can also use Doman cards to study colors and their shades.
What is the essence of the technique?
How to use the Doman technique to explore colors with your child?
The technique is based on the fact that the cards are pictures of some objects or phenomena with bright red inscriptions. Pictures with captions are shown to the child for 1-2 seconds for each picture. There should be about ten such lessons per day. As a result, the baby remembers the sound of a word, its name and its spelling, quickly learns to read, and acquires encyclopedic knowledge. Cards may feature colors instead of images. If it is not possible to buy Doman cards, you can download them from our website and print them.
Why do we teach colors to children?
For children, the world is full of diversity; they do not yet have ingrained ideas, like adults. If you ask a professional artist to tell you what color the sky is, he will tell you hundreds of shades, because he is used to noticing them every day. A common person He’s unlikely to name at least 5-6 shades, because he’s not used to distinguishing them. Children are little artists, and we teach them to stay that way longer. To do this, we not only study colors with them, but also focus on the shades of each of them. As a result, the baby begins to perceive rich color scheme peace, intensifies visual memory, which means that the development of intelligence as a whole is stimulated. To study colors, just download Doman cards for children on the topic “Colors” on our website and use them at home or in class. Moreover, you can download them completely free of charge.
However, the following point should be taken into account. It’s not enough to download the cards – you need to print them later. Printer inks can have many shades and do not always convey the color correctly. So if we are studying pure colors, without impurities (for example, red, blue, yellow), then printed manuals are quite suitable. It is better to be careful with shades of flowers. In this case, it is better to download the cards and show them on a computer or other electronic device, although it may introduce distortions, but to a lesser extent.
Doman's theory was a great success in its time, and today remains popular in preschool pedagogy. But, like any pedagogical system, it also has its drawbacks. The child, visually perceiving the images and inscriptions on the cards, does not know how to apply this knowledge in practice. Therefore, when we teach colors to children, it is necessary to show what it is for. It is better for children if they try to mix paints and get a similar shade, or go outside and try to find such a color in nature.
Thus, when we teach preschoolers using Doman cards, it is always necessary to make a connection between theory and practice, image and reality, as far as possible. Then knowledge ceases to be a dead weight, as it often is during the school period. Let the child feel that this world is alive, and images and colors are only a way to understand it more deeply.
We are surrounded by a huge number of colors, tones and shades. Therefore, teachers and parents must introduce their children to diversity magical world paints You need to know that the child early age independently is only able to identify the property of an object - color, and teaching him to play and practice with colored rings, figures and patches is the task of an adult.
The very first colors that a child identifies are red, yellow, blue and green, and only then all the others. Initially, the baby begins to perceive and remember colors with the help of associations. Its memory stores groups of objects united by a common color. For example: green – grasshopper, grass; blue – sky, river; yellow – sun, chicken, dandelion. Parents should remember that it is always easier for a child to draw conclusions based on their own experience. If you, while walking with your child, repeat to him the description of objects and phenomena (the grass is green, the sky is blue) and play “questions” with him (“What else happens of blue color?), he will not only easily remember the names of colors, but will also learn to think about it on his own. Also, for memorizing colors, the main attributes are indispensable - paints and plasticine, and frequent use them in games will speed up the child’s perception and memorization of both primary colors and others, which the baby, as a rule, becomes acquainted with much later, for example, gray, white, orange.
Learning colors with the little ones
When a baby is born, at first he reacts to bright light and distinguishes only it from others. The color perception system matures by 3–4 months, but the baby begins to distinguish colors from the first weeks of life.
At first his attention is attracted by yellow objects. Then he begins to fix his gaze on objects of orange-red color (3–4 months), and then begins to distinguish between blue and green (4–5 months), and a little later – purple (5–6 months). The formation of color vision is completed in a baby by the age of 4–5 years. It is then that you should pay attention to toys of these colors. You need to start learning with two colors, no more, it is best to let them be red and yellow.
You might be surprised: what lessons could there be? The most common ones. Through communication with an adult, a child already in infancy can receive useful information. And for his development it is very important what importance the mother attaches to knowledge of the world. Of course, a lot of time will pass before the baby begins to name colors and group them, but we can assume that by showing the baby a toy and not forgetting to say what color it is, you have already begun to teach him. It is known that the child’s psyche is very plastic, and even more so at the age of 1 year, so it is important to remember that while you are giving information, it is simply stored in the head. The child is growing, and when the brain is ready to assimilate, remember, and then act with color, these processes will go much easier, because an attentive mother introduced her baby to the colors of toys from a very early age. When such a child grows up, most likely they will say about him “he grasps everything on the fly,” and this will be excellent result your efforts.
Learning colors: 1–1.5 years
Your baby has turned 1 year old - a period called early, or walking childhood, has begun. The child is very active and ready for new experiences, but he cognitive processes still very imperfect. When playing with his favorite toys, the baby is able to identify only one property of the object - the one that he likes most; it could be shape or size. As for the color, it does not yet have any significance for recognizing the object, and the baby will not be able to identify the toy by it. This should be taken into account during classes so as not to overload the child with information. That is, you can continue to actively introduce the baby to color, carrying out that very “bookmark” of information, but now it will be much more fun and will sooner bear fruit. After all, before the baby lay in the crib, cooed and only allowed you to describe the surrounding objects to him. Now he himself takes an active part in the games, strings colored pyramid rings, and tries to build towers from cubes.
You also need to pay attention to drawing. At this age, the baby tightly grips a pencil in the palm of his hand, but the joy of drawing manifests itself purely on an emotional level, because he is not yet able to depict something specific.
Learning colors: 1.5–2 years
By the age of 2, the system of color perception as a separate feature of an object is already being established, but not all children are able to identify and understand it, but only those on whose development an adult has actively worked.
Continuing to repeat the colors of toys and other objects that surround the baby, we can encourage the child to turn to his thinking and memory: “Please bring me a yellow cube, a blue ball, a red bow, etc.”
The ability to draw at this age is almost no different from the previous one, but here you can use the child’s tendency to imitate: you can draw a line on a piece of paper with a colored pencil so that the baby does the same - these will be his first steps towards fine arts. This also includes drawing with fingers, colored crayons, and with wide brushes it’s great to depict blots and strokes, each time saying what kind of paint the baby is currently using.
At the age of up to 2 years, the entire arsenal of toys is actively used, with the help of which you can reinforce the names of colors: mother and baby build towers from cubes (“Let’s put a red cube on a blue one”), assemble a pyramid (“Give me a yellow ring, please”) or, drawing with felt-tip pens, select a suitable color cap for each felt-tip pen.
Learning colors: 2–3 years
With proper training, in the third year of life, a child can distinguish all the primary colors of the spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet. Now you have many more opportunities for training and development. The baby will be involved with interest in all the new games that you offer him, and from the age of 3, the game will become the leading activity of the child’s life.
Now there are a large variety of games and toys that allow children to continue learning colors at this age. Since by the age of 3 a child can already identify such properties of an object as shape and color, Dienesh blocks are well suited for games to study colors at this age - this is a set of plastic geometric shapes, which are combined by several characteristics, such as color, shape, size. By playing with them, the baby learns to highlight the property of an object, in this case color, to generalize or separate the object from others.
Also at this age, you need to pay attention to the child’s ability to classify according to a selected attribute. You can put 3-4 sheets of paper of different colors in front of him and scattered figures cut out of paper in the same 3 or 4 colors. Let the child determine which sheets will match which figures in color. Similar games can be created with other toys - cubes, pyramid rings, construction set parts, etc.
So, we can summarize how a child’s thinking develops in the third year of life in relation to color perception:
color is perceived meaningfully - as a separate feature of an object;
The baby acquires the ability to classify colors according to a given criterion.
Class time
It is better to conduct classes with a child at this age in the morning after breakfast in the interval between 8.30 and 9.30, or in the evening - from 16.00 to 17.00. IN preschool institutions Teachers, when conducting classes with a group, try to adhere to the same time period, since it has been proven that it is at this time that children are very active and their brains are more receptive to information.
As for the duration of classes, you need to know what younger child, the shorter the “lesson” will be: it can even be a minute long, and this is completely normal - these are the characteristics of attention and perception of children. It is important to take into account individual characteristics child, his temperament. Children are playful, overly active even in preschool age They cannot concentrate for five minutes on what is being shown or taught. If your baby is like this, then the lesson will last as long as the baby’s attention is enough. Naturally, when a child grows up, he will need to develop perseverance, otherwise he will constantly “have his head in the clouds” and will not remember anything.
With calm, diligent kids it will be easier to study, and the lessons will be longer.
Time for activities with children
- Up to 1 year 2–5 minutes.
- From 1 year to 2 years up to 10 minutes.
- From 2 to 3 years 10–20 minutes.
A child under 3 years old is extremely active in his actions: he himself plays with a pyramid, lays out colored cards, builds a tower from cubes. But on his own he is not able to study colors and understand how to play with colored figures. Therefore, remember: it is very important that at this time an adult is nearby, tells, explains, teaches.
In games with colors, as in any other games, it is important to create a joyful mood in the child, then he will always have the association that activities are fun and healthy. He will transfer this attitude to educational activities when he goes to school.
In class, avoid diminutive words in relation to color. “Red” and “green” should be replaced with “red” and “green” so that the baby initially perceives and pronounces correctly.
If your child draws a pink wolf or a yellow sky, you should not forbid him to do so: remember that the child expresses his emotional state with color.
Do you study colors with your baby every day, but today he is not in the mood, he is capricious, does not listen to you and runs away? Don’t force him - try playing some other game so as not to spoil the mood for yourself or him: at this age, children follow their feelings, and nothing will force them to play if they don’t want to.
In addition to the main colors, do not forget to introduce your child to other, less common colors: pink, gray, purple, otherwise the patterns will become firmly entrenched in the baby’s thinking, and pink color he can call the purple one red, and the purple one blue, because they are similar, but the child does not know their real names.
Educational games
- Up to 1 year
There must be a pendant of colored rattles or mobiles hanging above the baby’s crib. These can also be toys attached to the sides of the bed. Change toys periodically and do not forget to name the color of the hanging object. The baby quickly masters what he sees and hears constantly.
When dressing your baby, show him colored socks, hats, mittens and name their colors. Let the baby look at them and touch them.
At six months, a child is able to look for the object you are talking about: show him a red ball, play with it, then ask: “Where is the red ball?”
By 9–10 months, the child independently finds the toy that you hid with him. Ask him to find, for example, blue balloon. Don't forget to repeat which ball he found and praise the baby.
Closer to 1 year, a child can assemble a pyramid. Do this together and comment on which ring he should wear, hand him the rings, tell him what color they are. Ask for a green ring.
Without memorizing and memorizing - for now just for the purpose of familiarization - you can paint with paints (using a wide brush, apply strokes and blots to the sheet) and sculpt from plasticine, not forgetting to name the colors.
- 1–1.5 years
The color of your favorite toy. At this age, the baby already has his favorite toys. When describing them to your child in games, specify what color they are: “Who is this? Bear! What kind of bear? Brown…"; "And who is this? Frog. What frog? Green”, etc.
Color lives in a book. Read and look at books with large images: Sun ( yellow), frog (green), hare (white/gray), cloud (blue), river (blue), bear (brown), tomato (red), etc. Comment on everything you see to your child. Constantly repeat the colors and ask your child questions about what color is which.
Colored balls. Show your child 2 small balls, plastic or rubber, such as yellow and blue. Play with your child, roll balls to each other, show, compare: “This is a yellow ball, this is a blue ball.” Repeat several times: “Here, Sasha, yellow ball. Give it to mom, give me a yellow ball, now give me a blue one, please, etc.”
- 1.5–2 years
Houses and people. Cut out large houses from colored cardboard (let them be 5 houses in red, yellow, blue, green and blue color) and prepare little cardboard men (silhouettes) for them. Ask your child to place the little people in houses, whichever one fits where.
Rugs. Take a sheet of colored paper and cut out a medium-sized circle in the middle using a stencil. Glue the sheet with the round hole onto the cardboard, glue the circle separately so that there is solid base. Tell your child that this is a red rug in which mice have chewed a hole, but it can be closed. Show how this can be done. The circle fits the rug very well. Make several of these “mats” and “patches”.
Magic bags. Sew bags of 4-5 colors and cut out figures from double-sided cardboard. These can be stars or simply geometric figures - circles, squares, triangles. Place the figures into bags with your baby: red into red, yellow into yellow, green into green.
There is another version of this game. Make the yellow figures for the yellow bag in the shape of small suns, the blue ones in the shape of clouds, the red ones in the shape of apples, and the blue ones in the shape of stars. Your baby will have great fun pulling out the colored figures and putting them back in again and again.
A poem about a rainbow will help you begin to learn the basic colors that your child will soon begin to use.
Rainbow
A rainbow hung in the spring sky,
I looked at the earth cheerfully from the sky.
We smiled joyfully in response:
– Rainbow, rainbow, color, overexposure.
The rainbow hung in the sky for a short time,
She looked from heaven to earth for a short time:
Melted...
What did she leave as a souvenir for everyone?
RED poppies,
YELLOW sand,
GREEN lit up
There is a leaf on a branch.
Beetle PURPLE
Warms the sides.
BLUE splashes
River to its banks.
ORANGE sun
The forests are warm.
And the starling has BLUE... eyes.
(V. Stepanov)
Try to pronounce the names of colors clearly and slowly: there is nothing more touching than watching your baby, who until recently was so stupid, delve into what you tell him!
2–3 years
Let's draw together. Draw with a simple pencil sun, cloud, orange, let them be large sizes- each figure on a separate album sheet. Ask the child what he sees, what color the sun is, ask him to take suitable pencil and paint it over. If necessary, help your baby and do it together.
Color train. Take a large cube, for example, red (it can be a construction piece or a plastic cube). Tell your child that now you will build a train with him. The train consists of carriages. Look for red cubes among the rest and place them one after another. The first large cube will be the “head” of the train, the rest will be the cars. Using the same principle, by combining figures or cubes by color, you can build towers and cities.
Colorful city. For this game you will need figures different shapes– square, triangular, rectangular, Dienesh blocks are ideal. Build, for example, a fence from green cubes, and behind it build houses: small and large - red, blue and yellow. Don’t forget to match the shapes by color - put a red roof (triangular shape) on a red house, etc. Build colored houses with your child.
Riddles for children
Riddles will be one of the first helpers for children in understanding the world around them. They help develop memory - through systematic repetition, thinking - by forcing the child to turn to own experience to find the answer, imagination, lexicon. It’s good if the answer is, as they say, “at hand”: you can show a mouse in a book, a real frog, on a walk by the lake, etc.
Look at the book.
What do you see? - A mouse.
She happens to be white
But most often... (gray)
A frog jumps in a swamp.
She's always on the hunt.
Goodbye, stupid mosquito!
And the frog's color is... (green)
From shells, from diapers
A little chicken came out.
Oh, how funny you are
Our little lump... (yellow)
I grew up in a meadow in the summer.
I can rip it off.
I'll take the flower home -
Bell... (blue)
(E. Duke)
Colors of rainbow
Learning through poetry greatly facilitates understanding and expands a child's vocabulary. Children listen to poetry with pleasure; they are easier to remember and are deposited in the subconscious. For successful learning, you need to know the individual characteristics of your baby: some remember better when they see a color, an object, a picture in front of them; for other children, pictures can be distracting. Observe your child, determine what is best for him.
The colors are terribly tired today:
They painted a rainbow in the sky.
We worked for a long time on the rainbow of colors,
The rainbow came out beautiful, like in a fairy tale.
All colorful - what a beauty!
Just admire the colors:
Red
Red radish grew in the garden
There are tomatoes nearby - red kids.
There are red tulips on the window,
Red banners are burning outside the window.
Orange
Orange fox
I dream about carrots all night -
Looks like a fox tail:
Orange too.
Yellow
The yellow sun looks at the earth,
A yellow sunflower watches the sun.
Yellow pears hang on the branches.
Yellow leaves they fly from the trees.
Green
We have green onions growing
And green cucumbers
And outside the window there is a green meadow
And the houses are whitewashed.
Every house has a green roof,
And a cheerful gnome lives in it
In new green trousers
From maple leaves.
Blue
My eyes are blue my doll,
And the sky above us is still blue.
It is blue, like a thousand eyes.
We look at the sky, and the sky looks at us.
Blue
There is an island in the blue sea,
The path to the island is long.
And a flower grows on it -
Blue-blue cornflower.
Violet
The purple violet is tired of living in the forest.
I'll pick it and bring it to my mom on her birthday.
She will live with purple lilacs
On the table in beautiful vase by the window.
(A. Wenger)
With successful learning, by the age of 2–3 years the child knows and names the main colors of the spectrum. Playing with colors will not only bring joy to the baby and give good mood, but will also become an important component of the development of his cognitive system and sensory processes. So parents can safely start fun lessons all the colors of the rainbow!