Every parent waits with bated breath for their child to say the first word. After this happens, the parents are faced with the task of teaching the child to talk.
Many people have questions about how to teach a child to talk and what methods are best to use?
After reading this article, you will find the answer to the question of how to teach a child to speak so that he is interested. However, remember that the learning process It’s purely individual, so you shouldn’t settle on one technique.
What stages of speech development can be distinguished?
To teach speaking correctly, you should have theoretical information about how speech acquisition occurs.
Experts distinguish the following stages:
Please note that that the indicated diagram is approximate, therefore it is not at all necessary that your baby will fit into these frameworks. Some people learn faster, while others need time to master a certain number of words.
What methods of developing the speech apparatus exist?
When choosing a method for teaching your baby, remember that this process should not tire the child, otherwise the method will be ineffective.
To develop a logical and imaginative type of thinking in your baby, you should use games that help you learn new knowledge. For such games you can use different geometric figures, puzzles and cards.
What types of speech are there?
Speech is divided into two groups:
- active - the baby speaks himself;
- passive - the baby understands what others are talking about.
The passive type of speech appears first, and only then active. In order for the baby to smoothly move from passive to active speech, the following conditions should be created:
How to teach a child to speak?
The main rule is that you need to talk to your baby as much as possible. When performing any actions with your child, try to compensate and catch your child’s interested gaze.
Please note that your interaction with your baby and comments should not be exclusively audio; accompany your speech with gestures, touches and other movements. For example, a child will better remember the word “cube” if you show it to him and let him hold it in his hands.
When teaching your child a word, try to use it different situations and combinations with other words. For example, if you are learning the word “porridge,” then show it to your baby in the form of cereal, then let him try it, tell him that the porridge should be boiled, etc. Thus, there is a greater chance that the baby will remember the word and eventually begin to pronounce it.
For greater effect, you can consider pictures that depict the object, the name of which you are studying.
When does a child begin to say his first words?
Starting from 1 year, the baby begins to actively move around the house, thereby receiving new experience. The experience gained is reflected in speech development.
Often the first words of a baby pronounces in the period from 9.5 months to 1 year 6 months. Most often, the first words are what he most often hears - dad, mom, woman or uncle.
Features of speech learning for a baby from six months to 1 year
At 6 months, the baby knows his name and turns his head if it is pronounced. During play, experts recommend asking questions that would prompt the child to say the name of the toy he is playing with. Always respond to his babble and gradually teach him to pronounce short words, which consist of several syllables.
The period from 8 to 9 months is best time to teach your baby to imitate the sounds of different animals. Show everything by example.
Very often, to develop the speech apparatus, they use a game in which you need to show a part of the body and name it.
Features of speech development in children from one to 2 years old
How quickly a child learns to speak directly depends on how often his parents talk to him. At the age of 1 year, children not only understand that they are being addressed, but also know how to speak short and simple words. As the baby begins to walk, his vocabulary will begin to increase.
For effective development The following games can be used:
How to teach a baby to speak in simple sentences?
Please note that coherent speech is formed only by the age of 3. In order for children to start speaking in sentences, parents themselves need to speak in simple sentences. Ask your child to describe what he is doing or what others are doing. Set an example for him, let him repeat simple sentences after you first. Try to play games that involve the baby's direct speech.
Four basic tips to help your child develop speech
Why may there be delays in the speech development of children?
Often the reason late development speech is that children do not receive the necessary communication. Busy parents often surround their baby different techniques: TV, tablets, and this negatively affects the baby’s development. What he needs is live communication. This is explained by the fact that the baby hears speech on TV, however, he does not understand that it is addressed to him.
Sometimes the reason that children do not begin to speak clearly for a long time is that parents understand the baby’s babble well. Instead of encouraging the baby to speak correctly, parents begin to guess what he wants to say. Excessive baby talk can have an impact Negative influence on the baby's development.
Speech problems can also be caused by the fact that the child is disobedient or very active. Such a child becomes absent-minded and does not try to remember and reproduce new words. Instead of listening to what mom or dad wants to say, the baby begins to scream and interrupt communication.
As a result, it should be noted that each child develops differently. Some people start speaking very early, others with a slight delay. Despite this, parents should pay great attention development correct and competent speech. However, remember that everything must happen in game form, the baby should like such activities.
In this article:
Do you need to teach your baby to speak, or will he learn it on his own? If necessary, how to teach a child to talk? What if it’s just proposals? Yes, even with a rich man vocabulary! Is it possible?
Examples and facts
It’s not difficult to answer these questions – you just need to remember a few interesting facts. Remember the story about Mowgli? It was invented by Rudyard Kipling, but is based on real life examples. But the truth of life is not as fabulous as the book story.
In fact, when children end up in the den of animals and are raised by wild animals - wolves or monkeys, then upon returning and immersing themselves in the human environment, such children acquire the required skills and habits for quite a long time and in a complex manner. It is not easy to teach them to speak, it is difficult to instill in them the habits of a well-mannered person. And sometimes it’s completely impossible.
And the second example. Did you know that if in early age When children find themselves in a different language environment, does it very quickly become their own? Little man remembers new things foreign language and begins to speak it much faster than adults.
What conclusions can be drawn from these facts? It is imperative to teach your baby to talk, and this should be done as early as possible. The toddler needs to be taught the skills of correct and beautiful human speech. 
Children learn everything very quickly: both good and bad. They are especially influenced by the example of their parents.
The child’s speech develops in accordance with age period, in which it is located. In addition, each baby is an individual. Therefore, parents who want to know how to teach a child to talk should familiarize themselves with some of the features of children’s speech development during early childhood.
How does a child’s speech develop in the first three years of life?
- Year one
In the first six months of life, the baby is just becoming familiar with the sound of his voice. He gradually masters it and realizes that he can make sounds. Entry into speaking begins with the pronunciation of vowel sounds: a, u, o, e.
At one and a half months the child goes into the period of “walking”. Humming is baby talking. He is trying to talk to his mother when she leans towards him and speaks kind words, with dad - joyfully greeting his arrival from work. Looking at adults, the baby tries to make not only vowels, but also consonants. Most often, you can hear sounds from children that are similar to the word “agu”, from which the name of the period itself comes. Pronounced by babies 
not yet like adults, but as if in the nose. At this time, the development of intonation speech skills begins.
By six months, babies enter the babbling stage. They try to speak syllables consisting of a combination of vowels and consonants: ma, pa, ba, ku, yes...
By eleven months, the number of syllables increases and simple words appear, consisting of repetitions of identical syllables: ma-ma, pa-pa, yes-da, ba-ba. Before a year, the baby can begin to pronounce some simple sentences.
- Year two
The beginning of the year is marked by the fact that the baby is trying to understand adult speech more and more. He tries to listen to the conversations of adults. Tries to repeat words and whole phrases after them. In children 
In the second year of life, a “own language” often appears - words and sentences that only he and sometimes his mother understand. In addition, the baby more often repeats words after others and listens carefully to speech addressed to him. He can also enter into dialogues, responding to adults in his own language. During the second year, children develop active work over speech. Speaking is the most interesting process for a toddler.
- Year three
This is a period of active development of the child’s speech. Many new proposals are appearing. He moves from the stage understandable words almost to conversation in the right words, asks the questions “when?” and why?". Compounds appear in his speech 
sentences, singular and plural. How to teach a child to speak better at the age of three?
First of all, you should pay attention to reading and singing. It is important for children to hear correct literary speech. Only conversation is not enough. Singing is also necessary, as its smoothness and melody makes it easier to master particularly complex and difficult to remember words.
In addition, the child’s thinking and speaking will develop faster if adults spend more time communicating with the toddler. How well children’s speech develops can be understood by how well they answer questions, build logical chains, and take the initiative in conversation.
Exercises for speech development
To know how to teach your child to speak, you first need to pay maximum attention to him general development. During this period, children are very inquisitive. They receive information from the world around them, which motivates them to talk. Therefore, work on children’s speech begins with the development of auditory, 
visual and tactile apparatus. This feature should definitely be used. And it is she who helps develop a child’s speech from the first days of his life.
Hang bright and colorful ones above your bed beautiful toys. Let your little one have fun with rattles different sizes and sound. Also, toys should have materials of different structure. At the same time, do not forget about safety and environmental friendliness.
However, no matter how many toys a child has, they will never replace human communication. Parents, communicate more with your child! During communication, you are face to face with the toddler. This will allow him to see how you pronounce sounds and words in general. Let the baby follow the movement of his lips. This will allow him to correctly repeat what he hears.
What else? Massage your fingers and hands. And start doing this as early as possible - from the first to third month of life. It is no coincidence that speech therapists call the hands the second organ of speech.
Along with the massage, sing songs, tell poems, stories, and just talk. But do it emotionally! Emotions are what 
attract the child's attention until he understands the essence of what is being said. Color your communication with notes of fun, surprise, and curiosity.
Development is also necessary fine motor skills. Simple games with beads, pebbles, buttons and others will help with this. small objects. Naturally, they should not be given to a child without first sewing them or gluing them tightly to some surface. You can also put a small toy in a pan of flour and ask your child to take it out. There will be a lot of dirt, but even more delight! And the result of such games will please you, although it will not be noticeable right away.
After the first year of life, speech progress is facilitated by imitation of animal sounds. From now on, parents can begin to acquire a children's library by buying books with images of various animals and pets. While reading them with the child, mom and dad can tell him simple stories about who he sees in the picture, inventing them on the fly or drawing them in advance from various sources. While reading, the baby should be encouraged to discuss, dialogue, and repeat sounds and words.
Learning to speak words is not difficult
Typically, before one year of age, children can master a vocabulary of at least ten words. As a rule, the first word the baby pronounces is the one he hears more often, so every time you pick him up, you should talk to him, trying to show how you pronounce the words. So that the child is the first to pronounce the word “mom”, contacting him and performing various mandatory rituals, 
say this word. For example: “now mom will change your clothes,” “mom will bathe you,” and so on.
It is important that the baby sees articulation. In this case, sounds should be pronounced deliberately clearly and louder than usual. At this age you cannot use figurative language. If the picture, for example, shows a dolphin, then say that it is a dolphin, do not come up with simplified names for it. Later, it will be easier for the child to distinguish it from other animals.
At the age of eleven months, babies speak a few simple and understandable words, while continuing to use babble and chains of syllables in their speech. Little children love the word repetition game. It’s best to ask your little one, while leafing through a book, “what is this?”
How to teach your child to speak in complete sentences
It is best to read children's literature with children and memorize simple rhymes. Little ones remember especially well simple sentences in verse related to games or massage. For example, while rocking your child on your lap, recite the following rhyme:
“We were riding a horse, we reached the corner,
We got into the car, filled it with gasoline, 
We drove by car and reached the river.
Trrr! Stop! U-turn! Steamboat on the river.
We traveled by steamboat and reached the mountain.
The ship is unlucky, you have to get on the plane.
The plane is flying, the engine is humming: oo-oo-oo-oo...”
At the same time, it is good to imitate the movements of a horse, car, steamship, or airplane. It’s a good idea to include the question “what is he doing?” in your communication with your child. With it, getting to know verbs will become more interesting and simpler. This important activity will also prepare the baby to communicate in sentences.
There are also questions that should be introduced into the speech of the little ones when teaching children. These are the questions “what object (animal)?” and “where is it?” With their help, the child’s thinking is enriched, imagination develops, and the ability to analyze the situation appears.
Following these tips, parents will not wonder how to teach their child to speak in complete and correct sentences, because with the help of answers to these questions his speech will softly and naturally enter a large number of epithets and verbs.
Also, to achieve this goal, it would be useful to encourage the little ones, for example, by saying 
the words “give”, “na”, and perform the action itself only in response to the word spoken by the child.
The mother can pretend that she does not understand the baby when, instead of words, he pokes his finger at some object, making it clear that he wants to get it. And only when the child says “give”, then the desired toy or permitted item should be given. Later, when the child has mastered several words, the object should be given not after uttering one word, but after uttering a simple sentence. For example, not “give me”, but “mom, give me the ball, please.” In this way, you can also teach your little one how to politely treat elders, which will gradually become a good habit.
Three secrets for teaching a child to speak correctly
Work on literacy should begin as early as possible. Where to start? From the main and simple.
The first is working on articulation. You need to start practicing from the first days of life. How? Showing your beloved baby the movements of the lips and tongue when pronouncing simple words. You can even allow them to touch the parent's mouth when mom or dad say certain words.
For older children, games with imitation of sounds are suitable, in which you need to fold your lips, tongue, and cheeks in different ways to pronounce sounds: o, o, 
a, i, s, tr, pf, etc. In this case, you should show how a train, a pan “does” when cooking, how a mosquito squeaks, and the like.
Parents need to listen carefully to the baby, correcting him if he pronounces sounds incorrectly. You should not encourage incorrect pronunciation of words, otherwise the child’s period of “lisping” will be prolonged. In addition, it is necessary to teach the child the correct expression of emotions. And to do this, in response to his speech, you will have to take care of yourself in order to correctly express your feelings in gestures, glances, movements of your hands, shoulders, eyebrows.
When working on children’s speaking skills, communication with adults remains important. Good for development correct speech reading books, listening to audio recordings with professional speech by a speaker in fairy tales, poems, nursery rhymes, songs.
How to teach a child to pronounce the sounds l, sh, zh, r?
The fact that young children often cannot pronounce the sounds “l”, “sh”, “zh” and “r” is most often associated with insufficient tongue mobility and impaired air flow inside the oral cavity. They are working to correct this shortcoming through special exercises for blowing air jets. The “horse” exercise copes well with this defect. It represents the clicking of the tongue. To make the exercise more interesting for your child, you can find or invent short poem or just a rhyme so that the word “tsok-tsok” is repeated many times. With the help of the “horse” they correct the incorrect pronunciation of the sound “l” when the baby says the sound “v” instead.
The “cup” exercise will help your baby pronounce the sound “sh” correctly. The tongue is applied to lower lip, and its sides rise. Movements to stretch the lips and imitate chewing 
will also help correct problems with pronouncing this sound. These exercises will help not only correct the pronunciation of the “sh” sound, but also all hissing sounds in general.
The most difficult sound for children to pronounce was and is the sound “r”. In order for a child to quickly learn to pronounce it, you just need to try to pronounce words in which it is present more often. Show your baby how your tongue moves when you say these words. Ask him to try again. At first, he will do this only in front of you, but if you don’t stop working with him, you will notice that even in moments of independent play, the little one will try to form his tongue correctly and try to pronounce words with this letter correctly.
Tongue twisters and special rhymes that contain many words with the sound “r” help a lot. By the way, the same technique is also suitable for eliminating troubles associated with pronouncing the sound “zh”, only rhymes and tongue twisters must already contain this specific sound. You can also imitate the flight of a beetle, buzzing like a fly. A very important addition: words with these sounds must be spoken slowly!
When should you contact a speech therapist?
If you have already used everything available methods To teach your child to speak correctly and beautifully, but have not achieved any improvement, think about going to a specialist. You may not know all the secrets to solving the problem.
Signs that suggest that a visit to a speech therapist is not only inevitable, but also vital:
To overcome all these problems, parents need to put in a little effort and a lot of love. And then no difficulties and troubles will overcome you and your miracle child.
Language is vital. It is the basis of our mental activity and social life. Through language we communicate with others and conduct internal dialogue. All creative process based on verbal, non-verbal and symbolic language.
Children who start talking quite early develop on their own schedule. Of course, there are pediatric development standards, but without the help of parents and educators, the process of learning to speak will be delayed. There are several tips loving parents about the development of the baby’s speech, so that he speaks consciously, correctly, constantly expanding his vocabulary.
1. Expand your knowledge about the world. Until the moment a child clearly pronounces his first word, he will accumulate a certain amount of knowledge about the world around him. Children who see and feel more find it much easier to express even their feelings. Therefore, do not keep the child at home (he has a cold, there are few places to play, the mother has no time), but try to show him, telling him about everything you see. Take him to the store, to the beach, to the forest, to the central avenue and to the vintage car exhibition. Talk about what is wet and what is dry, what happens if you put an ice pack in the freezer. Remember, the more impressions and experience, the faster and more consciously the baby will speak.
2. We chat incessantly. A child surrounded by solemn silence will speak much later. Remember that children should hear the language around them all the time, even if it is not the style of English royal receptions, but simple everyday speech. Talk to your baby, explain, ask, affirm. Conduct such a dialogue from a very early age, without being embarrassed that the interlocutor also crawls with difficulty. But don't overload it, sometimes you need silence.
3. Read more. Read aloud to your child, even if it seems like an outdated way of conveying information. It’s good if you do this with expression, simultaneously explaining something incomprehensible. Many children like to listen to the same poems or stories over and over again. Don’t be alarmed, this is normal: this way of learning is just very close to children.
4. What about the songs? Young children tend to love music, and they prefer simple tunes. You can even play something for them on the piano or guitar yourself. The child likes not just the rhythm, but the very way of presenting information; he learns to perceive modified speech. And it just entertains him: this is how we develop the child’s speech and his Creative skills. Everyone, most likely, has seen with what pleasure children sing along or dance to a tune from an advertisement or to the tune of their mother.
5. “Glue labels”! There are thousands of words in your native language, and how can you quickly teach a child to speak and use at least a few hundred of them? You can start clearly labeling items and objects at every opportunity. You see a car on the street, a girl with a bag, a duck in the river - tell your child about it, even if you have to repeat it dozens of times. You can and should then ask your child if he can repeat the name after the designation.
6. Speak like an adult, not like a baby. We often think that we are developing a child's speech when we speak in any way. But this is not so: the temptation to repeat children's words is great, and this can be harmful. Try to speak correctly, but emotionally and kindly, but no “babak”, “autobus” or “kadashik”. Moreover, this is very confusing for many kids: they understand perfectly well that adults differ from children also in speech.
7. Listen to your baby! One of important rules For parents who want to know how to teach a child to talk, the ability to listen and hear their children’s speech is essential. When a child tries to enter into a dialogue with you, you cannot brush it off. A child will very clearly feel disrespected when you ignore him, respond mechanically, or continue to communicate with your friend. If you can’t talk right now, explain this loudly, clearly and kindly to your child. But if the house is not on fire or you are not late for a meeting, talk to your child, even if it is not entirely clear what they are talking about. The dialogue itself is important.
8. Teach your child to listen! Do you want to know how to develop your child's speech regarding the nuances and intonations of the language? Then teach him to listen too. It's not just about making sure your baby listens when you talk. Try to listen together to the sounds of nature, technology, and the speech of another person. And be sure to explain what is heard in this moment.
9. Answer! Even if you don’t quite understand what is being said, try to read and nonverbal signs, which the baby serves. If a child is trying to say something, but he rubs his eyes and yawns, ask if he suddenly asks to be put to bed. And then look at his reaction - children very early begin to understand the simple speech of adults. Don’t tell your child “Leave me alone, I don’t understand!”, “When will you start speaking normally!”, this will upset the child. One day he will simply lose the desire to have a conversation with you.
10. Give your child time to speak! All parents want to know how to quickly teach their child to talk, but not everyone knows how to give their child time. The speed of speech of an adult and a child differs, not to mention the fact that the needs for it are different. There is no need to push the baby, but there is no need to slow down either. You can often hear this: “well, when will you speak!”, “What kind of nonsense are you talking, where did you pick up these words?” With this attitude, your child may harbor a feeling that will completely discourage any desire to learn to talk.
11. Ask questions! Ask your children often what they want at the moment. Even if you know it's lunch time, ask your child what he would like to snack on. Even if these are simple words, literally drawing the child into dialogue is vital. This is how we develop the child’s speech, his desire to engage in dialogue and respond.
12. Play with words. We are, of course, not talking about complex metaphors that are incomprehensible to children at an early age. Just try to use the same word in different cases, with different prepositions and in different contexts when talking to your child. This enriches speech well.
13. Keep it simple! You need to increase the complexity of speech gradually. And this is a simple rule for those who want to know how to develop a child’s speech. Speak loudly, clearly, with intonations, not forgetting the emotional connotation of your words. Remember that you are surrounded by the language and speak it for 25-30 years, and the child hears it all year.
14. Be a translator! It is clear that immediately after the first words the child will not become a speaker. For a long time Only mom and dad will understand his speech. Therefore, sometimes it is worth being a translator in your child’s dialogues with other people. But you need to intervene in the dialogue only when you see that the baby cannot cope on his own. Give him a chance to be understood on his own.
The prerequisites for the development of speech are laid during pregnancy, and many mothers, knowing this, turn on music, sing songs and talk to the baby (it’s good if dads and other family members do this). This stimulates hearing and the areas of the brain responsible for language formation. It has been proven that already in the womb, children distinguish sounds and begin to move their lips when their mother speaks.
What does the development of speech of a newborn person depend on? These are four components:
- Ability to hear.
- Functioning speech apparatus.
- A rich language environment (and speech directed at the baby).
- Desire to communicate.
So how can you help your child start talking? Make sure that the first two physiological factors are normal, and create conditions for the development of the other two psychological aspects.
1. There is an easy way to test your hearing at home: clap your hands, ring the rattle and look at the reaction - the baby may blink, move his arms, freeze, begin to look for the source of the sound with his eyes, or, from two months, turn his head in the direction of the noise. Lack of reaction or any signal that alarms you is a reason to have your hearing checked.
2. The speech apparatus at birth is only partially ready for work and gradually “ripens”. By the third month, the larynx drops, the tongue has more space, and the baby begins to make sounds, which will then form syllables and words. For this to work, from birth he must hear an adult and see his face, watch his lips. Therefore, for the first six months to a year, it is important for parents to be a “mirror”.
For example, about three months When children begin to say aha, you need to actively and emotionally repeat after them, stimulating them to repeatedly pronounce and connect sounds. With your support, the baby will go through the stages of speech development in the first year: humming and babbling. Gradually, individual sounds “a-a-a”, “gee-khi”, “a-gu” develop into “ba-ba-ba”, “al-le-e-ly-agy”.
At 5–6 months, new sounds and syllables appear: ba-ba, ma-ma, doo-doo, and then they lengthen: ba-ba-ba, ma-ma-ma.
From 7 to 12 months, the necessary sounds are practiced and relationships between the object and the name are established, and certain sound combinations and syllables are assigned to individual concepts.
The baby listens carefully and tries to imitate the speech of adults, which means he learns the prosodic side of speech, which includes intonation, timbre, rhythm, tempo, melody, breathing, pauses and even facial expressions during pronunciation. This side is no less important than the sound side, and the speech apparatus needs training. Therefore, it is important to continue speaking so that children can see your face, and sing songs with different melodies and rhythms.
The age of about a year (12–14 months) is the established norm when a child begins to speak his first words, although already from 8–9 months some children deliberately say mom, dad, grandma). The baby already fulfills simple verbal requests and matches objects with their names.
Reading corner in the Infant Class at LePort Montessori School
3. A necessary condition To help a child learn to speak, is a rich language environment. Adults need simple but very important actions:
- speech should be directed at the baby, the pace should be slightly slower, the words drawn out, articulation emphasized;
- talk, sing and read as much as possible in order to create a “conversational volume” from which the baby draws his vocabulary and can imitate (more about this in the article “What to talk about with children”);
- monitor literacy and beauty of speech.
4. Children should have wa desire to communicate that an attentive adult actively supports. Remember the principles of interaction with your baby, which apply to any age stages(more about them in the article “What to talk about with children”):
1) We address our son or daughter specifically (the speech is directed at the child and is accompanied by eye contact, a smile, and gestures), the internal message is: “I am addressing you.”
2) We demonstrate interest in the reaction, convey the thought: “It is important for me to hear you.”
3) We show respect for the opinions and feelings of the interlocutor, regardless of age, so that he knows our position: “I understand what you wanted to say / what you feel.”
Maria Montessori wrote: “At the age of one year, the child pronounces the first word intentionally. He babbles as before, but now this babble has a purpose, and this intentionality is proof of his ability to understand. The child begins to become even more aware that language is related to his environment, and an even greater desire appears in him to master the language consciously,” - Maria Montessori, “The Absorbent Mind of the Child,” ch. eleven.
A teacher and a little girl look at a painting in the Toddler class of the Golden Bead Montessori school.
Speech development of children from one to three years old
After a year, an avalanche-like growth of vocabulary begins. At 1.5 years old, sentences of two words normally appear (“Mom, give me”), and at 2 years old, an “explosion of language” occurs, as Maria Montessori designated this stage: a two-year-old speaks a lot, denoting both what is happening around and what he thinks, feels and does.
Near three years is happening an important event- the words “I”, “mine” and “I myself” appear in the speech and consciousness of a little person. Parents must satisfy the baby's need for communication and support his attempts to express himself, creating situations of success.
Of course, many factors influence the age at which a child begins to speak in sentences, and the age limits are quite arbitrary. And yet, the task of parents is to create the conditions that we wrote about above and remove obstacles, which include:
- Babysitting (it does not give children the correct model either from the sound, prosodic, or lexical sides of the language).
- Lack of speech directed at the baby.
- Lack of movement (for the development of brain areas responsible for speech development, children need freedom of movement, which excludes walkers, playpens and other devices and involves crawling, climbing, swinging).
- Constant presence of the pacifier in the mouth.
- Lack of solid food.
- Emotional, intellectual overload.
- Noise (heavy music, etc.).
- TV, tablets (it is important to remember that only human speech and communication are the conditions for the formation and development of language for children).
- Excessive caution of adults and, as a result, lack of effort of the little person.
Reading in the Toddler class of the Golden Bead Montessori school
Why doesn't the child start talking?
Unfortunately, for last years The number of children with difficulties in speech development has increased several times. The reasons why a child starts speaking late or speaks poorly can be different:
- complications during pregnancy and childbirth;
- genetics;
- damage to the hearing organs;
- lack of microelements;
- nervous system problems;
- social factors.
It is important to understand whether they belong to the medical or pedagogical field in order to know which specialist to contact.
Parents can analyze their baby's behavior in terms of the four components of speech to try to determine where exactly difficulties arise.
You need to remember two sides: understanding someone else’s speech and your own active speech. It often happens that at 2 years old a child understands addresses addressed to him perfectly well and has a rich vocabulary, but there are some obstacles that prevent him from speaking. And it’s a completely different situation when, for example, a two-year-old doesn’t connect objects and their names, doesn’t perceive simple words and doesn’t reproduce them. But if a child speaks poorly at 3 years old or does not speak at all, this is in any case a reason to consult a specialist: a pediatrician, a neurologist, a speech therapist, a speech pathologist.
The top photo was taken in the Nido-classroom of the Golden Bead Montessori school.
The child is growing and you can't wait for him to start talking. Letting the process of speech formation take its course and simply waiting for the baby to speak is not the best parenting tactic.
Don't waste precious time
A child’s speech needs to be developed from birth. Surely every mother helps him with this, without knowing it. A mother's heart tells her that she needs to talk to her child and talk about what is happening to him. Carry your child around the apartment and explain what he sees. Of course, at first the child’s vision is not developed enough to see everything, but it is very important for him to hear your voice, your speech.
In the first year of a child’s life, the brain centers responsible for speech are formed, so these first twelve months are the foundation of speech development.
At three years old speech areas The brain is almost completely formed, which means that the favorable period in the development of the child’s speech has ended. That is why it is important not to waste time and study speech development baby.
Hand development and speech
Domestic scientists have come to the conclusion that the hand is the same organ of speech as the articulatory apparatus. To stimulate speech development, it is necessary to massage each finger and each phalanx from early childhood.
Experts say that children should begin developing fine motor skills from the age of two months. You can massage your fingers without using force, it can be stroking or light rubbing. The duration of such classes should not exceed two to three minutes. Do not forget that at the same time you must talk to the baby and smile at him.
An older child can be asked to assemble a pyramid, sculpt from plasticine, draw, play various games(for example, “Ladushki”, “Magpie-Crow”), sort through the cereals, put beads on a thread, and so on. The presence of adults at this time is required.
You can play with your baby with a bubble ball. Introduce him to different types surfaces – smooth, rough, prickly, soft, wooden.
How early a child begins to speak depends only on the parents. He will begin to reproduce speech only when his passive vocabulary has accumulated enough words for this. Speak to your child clearly and understandably, pay attention to the correctness of your speech. If parents do not talk to the baby, explain what is happening around him, what the objects around him are called and what their properties are, the child’s speech will be stingy, and the process of its development will be significantly delayed.
It is important not to miss a stage early formation speech. Never belittle your child’s abilities, even if you think that he is still too young and does not understand much: teaching your child at an early age is the key to successful development his speeches. Rest assured, your efforts will pay off in full.
Marina Karamasheva