To correctly determine the front and back sides of the fabric, lay the fabric on the table so that both sides are visible at the same time. Usually, the front side is distinguished by the brightness of the color, the severity of the pattern and the smoothness of the surface. But this method is not suitable for all fabrics. In addition, if for some reason you doubt the correctness of determining the sides of the fabric, use our simple tips.
1. The surface of the printed fabrics has a printed pattern, which is always bright, rich and clear on the front side, the wrong side is more faded or monochromatic.
In smooth fabrics, the wrong side is more fluffy, which is determined both tactilely and visually.
2. Permissible (not considered a fabric defect) defects on some fabrics, such as thick sections of threads and small knots, are always displayed on the wrong side of the fabric.
3. Most plain fabrics have colored threads on the edges on the right side, which are almost invisible from wrong side s.
4. The sides of textured fabrics such as boucle, jacquard and lace fabrics, fabrics in the Chanel style and others, it is easy to distinguish both visually and tactilely - by the volume of the pattern, the structure of the threads, the brightness and convexity of the print, and others characteristic features for a specific fabric.
5. In satin fabrics, the front side is always glossy, with a pronounced sheen, and the wrong side is matte.
Pattern:
A soft aquamarine dress that combines the glossy and matte sides of the same fabric looks…
But as the front side, you can use any side to get a certain effect in the finished product.
6. Crepe and double-face fabrics are usually the same on both sides.
7. If the fabric has a fleecy surface, then, as a rule, this is the front side.
8. When buying fabric, ask the seller which side is purl and which is front.
9. In plain thin and transparent fabrics - chiffon, cambric, muslin, gauze, viscose and matte silks, as well as cotton and linen - the wrong side is determined by the edge. As a rule, there are punctures on the edge of any fabric, on the front side they are convex, as they are made from the wrong side.
If visually it is still not clear what the punctures look like, run your finger along the edge of the fabric, on the front side you will feel the mentioned bulge from the punctures.
This method of determining the front and back sides can be applied to any fabric.
In addition, there are inscriptions and letters on the edges, thanks to which it is easy to determine the sides of the fabric.
The edge without punctures on the wrong side looks rough, on the front - smooth.
Before buying sewing material, you should know how to determine the right side of the fabric by the edge, pattern, pile, etc. After all appearance products will depend on her choice. But the most important thing to do is to determine the sides before cutting the product. It is not recommended to do such an important thing in the evening and under very bright artificial lighting, as it distorts reality. In the morning, it may turn out that the choice made was erroneous, and the fault is an optical illusion.
How to determine the right side of the fabric
Arriving at the store or examining the fabrics on the things at home, you can see that they differ quite a lot in appearance. Their difference can be both by the type of surface (openwork, embroidered, with a woven pattern), and by the type of color (variegated, printed, smoothly dyed or bleached). There are also jacquard multi-colored fabrics - tapestry. Such fabrics are considered difficult to manufacture, but it is very easy to determine the right side on them.
Many people know that, depending on their fibrous composition, fabrics undergo different finishes. Natural ones are singeed, bleached, dyed. All finishing is done on one side of the product - the front. When weaving, all irregularities and knots are hidden on the wrong side, therefore, on the front side, all fabrics are smoother and brighter, with a clean surface or, conversely, with a relief, convex pattern. It will also be different to the touch (smooth and pleasant, has a clearer, embossed pattern).
How to distinguish the right side of the fabric from the wrong side
You should know that fabrics are single-sided and double-sided. The wrong side and the front side of one-sided fabrics are quite different. Bilateral ones differ slightly or do not differ at all. Sometimes both sides of the canvas can be used equally.
The front side of different types of fabrics
So, how to determine the front side on plain fabrics and not only:
- Fabric with a printed pattern: where it is brighter, there is the front side.
- Fabric with a pattern (woven): On such fabrics, the pattern on the front side will be clearer and more prominent.
- Fabrics with satin and satin weaves. On the front side, these weaves have a more brilliant and smooth surface, the hem goes at different angles, have a beautiful appearance. From the inside, these fabrics are more like canvases with plain weaves.
- Fabric with sequin trim, lurex metallic thread, embossed, leather-look coating, embroidery. In fabrics made from mixed raw materials, the front side will always look “expensive”. In all cases, the wrong side will be superior in beauty to the front. The embroidery threads will lie flat, without knots, the stitch will cover the pattern completely.
More complex features for determining the front side
Not all pile fabrics have pile on the front. The pile side of the bumazee is the wrong side, but usually this fabric has a printed pattern and a beautiful smooth surface from the face. But velvet, velveteen, velor is beautiful from the side of the pile, so it is difficult to make a mistake in determining the front side. For example, plain flannel refers to a double-sided fabric - it has the same color on both sides, plain weave and villi.
The drape has a smooth pile on the front side, and it is located in one direction, or there is a dense, lint-free pattern. The fabric of this type on the wrong side may have a looser weave.
This also applies to cloth. It, in most cases, is strongly tufted, which leads to some difficulties in the process of determining the front side. It is necessary to forcefully run your fingers with different sides and in different directions, and the side where the pile is less dense, of less quality, is the wrong side.
What if all the above methods of how to determine the front side of the fabric did not give an answer? One can recognize the side by the quality of the surface of matter. That is, the front side will be the side where the surface of the fabric does not have fluff, nodules, it is smoother. The presence of fluff is inherent only in fabrics made from natural fibers.
To determine the presence of villi or the brightness of the color, the matter should be brought to eye level and looked at the light. If it was not possible to detect pronounced defects, then such a fabric can be attributed to bilateral.
Determination of the web side by edge
You can determine the right side of the fabric by the edge (both by its quality and by the holes on it). The edge will be of better quality on the front side. When the fabric is stretched over the calenders during the finishing process, holes are left. It is generally accepted that they should be convex at the top, and concave from the inside, but in practice it happens the other way around.
Conclusion
Before cutting complex fabrics, it is necessary in several places, preferably in inter-pattern lunges, to designate the front side. This is usually done in small, drawing crosses. This is important not only in order not to confuse parts when sewing, but also for trimming slats, picks, valves, etc.
If everyone visual ways were touched, but doubts did not disappear anywhere, do not forget about tactile sensations, because the sensitivity of the fingers will never let you down.
It also happens that the seamstress obviously wants to choose the wrong side (the one that for the people who created the fabric is the wrong side), because it seems to her, on the contrary, more attractive.
And if it was not possible to choose one of the parties with full confidence, then besides the owner finished product no one will know about it, because everything is known in comparison.
When purchasing fabric for sewing any product, before proceeding with cutting, it is very important to accurately determine the wrong side and front side of the fabric. However, this is not always easy enough. The canvas may look exactly the same from all sides, and you can only notice flaws in its appearance and understand that you started sewing from the inside out when the product is ready.
How to determine the "face" of the fabric?
There is a tendency in textile factories to produce double-sided fabrics that are absolutely the same on both sides. They are called two-faced. This is quite convenient, because then the need to determine the inside out before sewing the product disappears. But this is more the exception than the rule. If the material you have chosen is not of this type, then you need to remember seven simple ground rules, which will tell you where the wrong side of the fabric is:
- You can take a closer look at the fabric and roughly calculate for yourself its front part even at the time of purchase. Carefully consider the roll and how the canvas of your choice is rolled. Most fabrics, for example, silk and wool, are rolled up with the right side inward to protect the “face” from damage, fading, and unnecessary defects. Cotton fabrics, on the other hand, are rolled inside out.
- Having bought a fabric with a printed pattern, the question of determining the wrong side will disappear almost immediately. By laying it out so that the inside and the face are visible, you will notice that the print on such a canvas will be much brighter and clearer from the side of the face. If you're still unsure, feel the fabric. On the front side, it will be smooth, with an even pile and a slight sheen. On the wrong side - slightly fleecy and dull.
- By the same principle, you can determine some fabrics on which patterns and drawings are applied by piercing the fabric from the inside to the face: on the front side, by passing over the embossed pattern, you can feel slight bumps and bulges.
- In mixed fabrics, the wrong side looks less neat and upon closer examination, you can see that it has much more roughness, barely noticeable knots, uneven weaves, thickened threads and other weaving defects. On the front side, the material shines with gloss, brilliance, exceptionally expensive threads and neat weaving are visible.
- In satin and satin fabrics, due to the special weave on the front side, they are characteristically shiny, smooth, very soft and pleasant to the touch. On the wrong side, the product is slightly rough, with a visible hairiness, matte, and the color of the canvas, even without a pattern applied to it, is much duller.
- On the edge of the fabric and on the punctures on it, you can also easily determine the front side of the material. During production, it is pierced with pins from the inside out, while characteristic marks remain on the finished canvas. So the face can be determined by the holes, which will be convex on one side, and concave from the inside. On the edge you can see colored threads that are missing from the inside.
- It is also important to look at the presence of embroidery on the edge. In such places, the manufacturer puts the name of the company, fabric, or a list of materials that make up the fabric. Such embroidery is visible only from the front side of the canvas.
Determining the wrong side is not difficult, you just need to look at the details. In some cases, if you are dealing with plain fabrics without prints, this does not play such a big role. For the front side, you can take the one that seems to you the highest quality. In the future, it is important not to get confused only in the manufacture of product parts.
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Methodical development of the lesson "Determination of the front and back sides of materials. Properties of fabrics." The lesson is built on the principles of consistency, consistency in teaching and applying the acquired knowledge in practice. The lesson creates problem situations that allow students to solve problems on their own. New acquired knowledge is consolidated during the business game "Atelier".
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MUNICIPAL BUDGET GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
"Secondary school No. 22 of Vladivostok"
METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
Topic: Determination of the front and back side of the material.
tissue properties.
Completed: teacher "Technology"
MBOU "Secondary School No. 22"
Vladivostok
Mospan I.V.
Vladivostok 2015
Lesson plan.
Topic. The front and back of the fabric. tissue properties.
Other work: Study of the properties of tissues. Business game "Atelier"
Lesson Objectives:
- to acquaint students with the basic properties of the fabric, to teach to determine the front and back sides of the fabric;
- develop spatial representation, performing skills;
- to instill skills of accuracy;
- correction of attention, thinking, visual memory.
Lesson type: combined.
Materials and tools: textbook, workbook, fabric samples, glue, scissors, hand needle, thread.
During the classes
- Organizing time.
A) Checking those present;
B) Checking readiness for the lesson
- Repetition of the material covered.
- What section are we studying now?
- What is called wool?
- What is rune?
- What is called raw silk?
- How to identify the right side of a printed fabric?
- How to determine the front side of plain dyed fabric?
- Learning new material.
Girls, please take a close look at your fabric samples. How else can you determine the front side of the fabric.
- Are you having difficulty?
- What do you think it will be about on the lesson?
- - That's right, let's start the lesson of obtaining new knowledge and formulate the topic of our today's lesson "The front and back of the fabric. Fabric properties.»
(a question to the class)
What do you think. Why do we guys need to know this?
(students suggest various options answers, the teacher asks, if necessary, leading questions, gives some comments,)
Message of new material (+ R/R)
Front and back side.
Textile - textile fabric made on a loom.
The fabric consists of two interlacing threads arranged perpendicularly. The system of threads running along the fabric is calledbasis , and the system of threads located across the fabric -duck .
The surface of the fabric depends on the characteristics of the finish of the fabrics.
And now, let's take tissue samples in our hands, and carefully look at them ...
Signs of determining facialand wrong side of the fabric(§3, pp.15-16)
- According to the printed drawing.For fabric with a printed pattern, the pattern on the front of the fabric is brighter and clearer.
- On the surface. For smoothly dyed fabrics, the front side is smoother, and the wrong side is more fleecy. To determine fluffiness, it must be considered at eye level.
- According to the pattern of weaving.In twill fabrics on the front side, the rib runs from bottom to top and from left to right.
- By brilliance. For example satin fabric more shiny than satin.
- Accuracy. The number of knots, loops, ends of broken threads on the front side is less than on the wrong side.
- By pile. On the front side of velvet or velveteen is a long pile. On the wrong side, the surface is smooth or the pile is short. In drapes, the pile is more orderly on the front side, and the wrong side has a slightly sloppy appearance.
- Along the edge. There are punctures along the edges of the fabric at the edge. On the front side, the fabric at the puncture sites is more convex.
- Mixed fabrics.Finishing threads are brought to the front side. For example, in brocade, a shiny metallic thread - Lurex is displayed on the front side.
Distinguish between one-sided and two-sided fabrics. Remember that the definition of the front and back side plays important role when cutting clothes.
In one-sided fabrics, the front and back sides differ sharply from each other. In double-sided fabrics, this difference is almost imperceptible; both sides can be used when cutting.
Question. What affects the correctness of determining the front side of the material?
The nature of the front side of the fabric depends on:
Appointment;
Appearance of the product;
Processing in the manufacture of the product
tissue properties.
Girls, in the last lesson we worked with you on creating models of clothes from various materials.
Question. Did you encounter any difficulties while doing the work?What questions have arisen?
In order not to make a mistake in choosing a fabric for the manufacture of any product, it is necessary to be able to correctly determine the properties that they possess. The properties of the fabric affect the choice of model and the processing of the product.
The main properties of fabrics are mechanical, physical and technological.
Table 2.
The study of the properties of wool and silk fabrics
The name of the tissue property | Characterization of tissue properties |
||
From silk | Wool |
||
Mechanical properties |
|||
Strength | |||
Wrinkle | |||
Drapeability | |||
wear resistance | |||
Physical Properties |
|||
Heat shields | |||
Hygroscopicity | |||
Dust capacity | |||
Technological properties |
|||
Slip | |||
shattering | |||
Shrinkage | |||
The table is filled using the material(§3, pp. 16-17 etc. working pp. 18-19)
- Mechanical propertiesdetermine how the fabric relates to the action of external forces.
Strength - the ability of the fabric to resist tearing. This is one of the important properties that affect the quality of the fabric.
Wrinkle - the ability of the fabric during compression and pressure on it to form folds.
Drapeability - the ability of the fabric, when it hangs, to fall in soft rounded folds. It is no coincidence that curtains and curtains on the windows are called draperies.
wear resistance- the ability of the fabric to withstand the action of friction, stretching, bending, compression, moisture, light, sun, temperature, sweat, etc.; depends on the strength of the fibers of the fabric.
- Physical Properties- properties aimed at maintaining human health.
Thermal properties- the ability of the fabric to retain heat human body; depends on the composition, thickness and type of finish of the fabric.
Hygroscopicity- the ability of the fabric to absorb moisture.
Dust capacity - the ability of the fabric to retain dust and other contaminants.
- Technological properties- properties that appear in the fabric during the manufacture of the product, from cutting to WTO.
Slip - can occur when cutting and grinding fabrics and depends on the smoothness of the fabrics and the type of weave.
shattering - lies in the fact that the threads are not held along the open sections of the material and slip out, crumble, forming a fringe.
Shrinkage - reduction in fabric size under the influence of heat and moisture, depends on the composition of the fiber, structure and finish.
And now, having gained new knowledge, we will continue to work further on creating clothing models.
- SEQUENCE OF EXECUTION
LABORATORY AND PRACTICAL WORK
Teacher
I invite you to become experts in our laboratory for the study of the properties of fibers and fabrics. We will conduct research to determine the properties of silk and wool
The teacher introduces students to the equipment with which they will work in the lesson.
Teacher
In this lesson, you will use the following lab equipment:
- magnifiers - to study the appearance,
- porcelain cup - for burning,
- tongs, for picking up hot dishes or hot materials,
- needle and thread, scissors, needle.
Therefore, it is necessary to remember and carry outsafety regulations.
1. Dangers at work:
needle injury to fingers
hand injury with scissors;
eye injury.
2. Things to do before starting work:
Place tools and equipment in the place provided for them.
3. Things to do while working:
It is forbidden to start work without the permission of the teacher.
- Listen carefully to all instructions of the teacher when conducting research.
- Workplace keep in order.
be attentive;
Stick needles and pins only into the needle bed;
Put the scissors on the right with closed blades pointing away from you;
Pass scissors only with closed blades and rings forward.
4. What needs to be done at the end of work:
Remove workplace
Teacher
Start researching. All research results must be recorded in a notebook in order to correctly draw a conclusion about the work done.
Instructions for doing the job are given.
ACTION PLAN
Condition: following the action plan.
1 . Fill in table 1 " Features fibers." (lesson number 1)
2 .Fill in Table 2 "
Laboratory work №2. Studying the properties of natural wool and silk fabrics
Materials and tools:samples of natural and woolen fabrics, textbook, workbook, hand needle, thread.
Introductory teacher briefing:
Work sequence.
- Determine the strength of the fabrics.
- Determine wrinkle woolen fabric and natural silk fabric
- Define Drapeability first woolen, and then silk fabric.
- Describe the nature of the surface of the fabrics (smoothness, shine), draw a conclusion about their sliding
- Determine the crumbling fabric, taking out the threads with a needle, first one, two, three together, etc.
Easily fraying fabric- without effort immediately took out 5 threads.
Average crumbling- 3 - 4 threads at once.
Doesn't crumble - one thread was pulled out with difficulty.
- Record your observations in workbook in the form of a table.
3. Determine the right side of the fabric.
4 . business game"Studio"
BUSINESS GAME "ATELIER"
Condition: All work is done in a team, sequentially,following the progress of the work.
Progress:
- Come up with a name for the studio.
- Assign roles:
Customer-
- By type
- By appointment: casual or dressy
Technologist-
fashion designer
- Incorporating new knowledge into the knowledge system (7 min)
Teacher
Now, as a rule, mixed fabrics are used, i.e. synthetic fibers are added to woolen and silk fibers and then fabrics with new properties are obtained, which shrink less when worn, are easier to wash and clean.
Guys. Represent messages on care of clothes. ( homework)
- Analysis and evaluation of the lesson.
What new did you learn in the lesson.
Will the knowledge and skills acquired today at the lesson be useful to you in everyday life?
Complete the phrase:
I understand that….
I learned…
I was surprised….
I wanted….
- Results and evaluation of the work performed.
Thank you all for your fruitful work. I hope you liked the lesson.
you listened carefully new material answer questions, do research. You conducted mutual control and self-control of the work performed, analyzed your mistakes.
Everyone saw how much they learned the topic of today's lesson.
- Homework.
- § 3, p. 15-20;
- Creative task -Pick up riddles, proverbs, sayings about fabrics.
Issue on landscape sheets, preferably with drawings ..
- Repeat Device sewing machine(grade 5)
- Bring: cotton fabric 15*15 cm, thread, scissors, machine needle No. 90
- Workplace cleaning
Lesson "Properties of fabrics"
WORK SEQUENCE
Condition: All work is done in a team, sequentially,following the action plan.
1. Fill in Table 1 "Distinctive features of fibers."
2. Fill in table 2 "The study of the properties of woolen and silk fabrics "
3. Determine the right side of the fabric.
4. Business game "Atelier"
BUSINESS GAME "ATELIER"
Condition: All work is done in a team, sequentially,following the progress of the work.
Progress:
- Come up with a name for the studio.
- Assign roles:
Customer- comes to the atelier with his fabric and expresses a wish about what kind of product he would like to sew.
- By type : dress, sundress, blouse, skirt, coat, vest or other ....
- By appointment: casual or dressy
Sports, entertainment (for carnival participants, theater artists) or others ... ..
Technologist- defines and names the main properties of tissues (Tables 1 and 2). Concludes: "Is this fabric suitable for the desired product"
fashion designer in accordance with the properties of fabrics presented by the technologist, he offers the customer the style of the product.
3. Protection of the work (a sketch of the model is presented, the proposed fabric, the performance of the participants in the game in accordance with the assigned roles).
Front and back side of the fabric the first thing to determine in the fabric even when buying it. Indeed, the appearance of the product will depend on the choice of the front side of the fabric. If, for example, crepe-satin fabric, then the choice of model may depend on this: combined or trimmed with the fabric of the opposite side. The fact is that crepe satin is considered a double-sided fabric with crepe and satin sides, which can be used equally on both sides.
But even more important definition of front and back side before cutting, so as not to spoil the product. I do not recommend doing this important work in the evening and even in bright light. In the morning it may turn out that your choice was just an optical illusion. Artificial lighting distorts reality. The laws of optics apply.
Many on the Internet are looking for an article on the topic " Front and back side of the fabric Grade 5» - this material will great addition to the technology textbook, because the textbook lists only three a sign of the front and back sides of the fabric. In fact, there are many more.
At first glance, this topic is very simple. But, once I got to a sewing forum, I found out that this topic “takes out the brain” for many and not only novice seamstresses. The girls literally ask each other to help them identify the front side of the fabric (already bought!) From the photo. But in the photographs of fabrics, the difference in the front and back sides is less noticeable than it actually is. The same goes for my article. Therefore, I added a video lesson to this topic, by the way, it turned out to be not simple and rather long.
How to determine the front and back side?
If we go to the store or look at the fabrics on all the things in the house, we will notice that the fabrics vary greatly in appearance. Fabrics can vary both in woven pattern, openwork, embroidered, and in the type of coloring. By the type of coloring, fabrics can be multi-colored, printed, and smoothly dyed or bleached. There are fabrics and jacquard, that is, with a woven pattern, and plus multicolored ones. That is, this pattern is woven from threads of different colors. These are tapestry fabrics. For weaving, such fabrics are considered difficult, but for determining the front side, they are simple. In this article, we consider fabrics according to the degree of complexity precisely in determining the front and back sides.
We know that fabrics go through different finishes depending on the fiber composition. Natural fabrics are singeed, bleached, dyed, printed, a special solution is applied depending on the purpose of the fabric, for example, a water-repellent solution for raincoat fabrics. All finishing is done on one side of the product. She will be front. When weaving, all knots are hidden on the wrong side when correcting thread breaks. Therefore, all fabrics on the front side are brighter, smoother or, conversely, with a convex, embossed pattern, spectacular, elegant, with a more thorough finish, a clean surface. To the touch, the front side will also be different, as it is smoother and more pleasant, with a clearer, embossed pattern.
What are the signs of the front and back sides of the fabric?
Crepe satin
It should be noted right away that there are one-sided and two-sided fabrics. One-sided fabrics have very different front and back sides. Two-sided differ little or do not differ at all. They can differ greatly, but at the same time, both one and the other side are used equally. For example, such fabrics include crepe satin and spandex, in which both sides are noble and are used as companion fabrics.
The easiest to determine the front and back sides of the fabric:
front side by color brightness
1. Printed. That is, the first sign is the brightness of the printed pattern. Where the side is brighter, there is the front.
2. Woven: jacquard fabrics, guipure with a cord (thick twisted) thread laid along the top (or the bulge of the pattern due to the leno effect). On these fabrics on the front side, the pattern will be clearer and more convex. Fabrics can combine both a printed pattern and jacquard at the same time.
atlas. front side and wrong side
3. The third sign: weaving weaves such as satin and satin. These two weaves on the front side have a hem at different angles, more smooth and shiny surface, beautiful appearance. On the wrong side, these fabrics are different, they are more like plain weave fabrics.
diagonal. front and back
The twill weave has a pronounced diagonal scar on both sides (angle 45º). Only on the front side, this scar goes from left to bottom to top to right. From the inside - on the contrary. And if you look closely, then from the inside the hem is still less convex. Twill weave usually produces classic lining fabrics. The main feature of the front surface of such a fabric is a silky shiny surface. From the inside there will be a cotton thread - rough and matte.
trouser fabric. face inside out
The second and third points can be combined, since these signs relate to the types of weaving weaves.
4. The fourth sign is finishing the fabric with sequins, metal thread "Lurex", embossing, coating "under the skin", embroidery on fabric (sewing). In fabrics made from mixed raw materials, the more expensive type of raw material is on the front side. In all cases, the front side will be superior in beauty to the wrong side. The embroidery threads lie flat, without knots, the stitch completely covers the pattern.
5. In pile fabrics, the pile is not always on the front side. For bumazeya, for example, pile on the wrong side. But bumazeya usually has a printed pattern and a beautiful smooth surface on the front side. Velor, velvet, velveteen are beautiful precisely from the side of the pile, so it is difficult to make a mistake in determining the front side. But plain flannels belong to two-sided fabrics - they are the same on both sides, as they have a plain weave, villi on both sides and the same color.
drape face inside out
front purl. drape
Drapes on the front side have a smooth pile located in one direction, or a dense pattern without a pile. On the wrong side, one-sided drapes can have a looser weave. But a two-sided drape can have a slightly less clear pattern or a less accurate pile on the wrong side, which greatly complicates the definition of the front side. In the pictures we see two types of double-sided drapes. one of which has no pile at all, and the second has two different textures: on the one hand - a dense pattern "diagonal", on the other - a dense pile.
cloth face inside out
The same applies to cloth: cloth, as a rule, of linen weave, is very heavily piled, which causes certain difficulties in solving the problem. In the cloth, a colored thread is woven along the edge, which indicates the front side. To determine the front side, you need to run your fingers with force in different directions and from different sides, and look where the pile will be less dense, less quality - there is the wrong side.
7. If there are no above signs, then the front side can be identified by the quality of the surface of the fabric. That is, the front side, where the surface of the fabric does not have knots, fluffs, is smoother (it seems to be pressed, polished). The presence of fluff applies only to natural fabrics. The definition on this basis, rather, refers to cotton and linen fabrics plain dyed and plain weave. To determine the presence of villi or the brightness of the color, you need to bring the fabric to eye level and look casually at the surface into the light. If you do not notice pronounced weaving defects, then these fabrics can be attributed to two-sided.
Fabrics that are quite difficult to determine the front and back sides are synthetic, since all the requirements for the fabric are set at the stage of thread formation - it has no defects. There are no fibers on the surface, there are no weaving knots, since the synthetic thread is already of a given length and it does not break. The color of the thread also acquires at the “moment of birth”.
8. The last sign can be considered the definition of the front side by the edge, both by the quality of the edge, and by the holes on the edge. On the front side, the edge is of better quality. Holes are left when the fabric is stretched over calenders (needles on rollers) during the finishing process. But even here you can fail. It is generally accepted that the holes should be the convex side at the top, and the concave side from the inside, but as practice shows, this happens the other way around.
definition of the front side by the edge
holes on the edge
9. Rep weave fabrics can also cause difficulties. Reps can be not only cotton, but also silk synthetic threads. Reps and crepe weave fabrics are double-sided. Very rarely in crepes you can distinguish the difference in the front and back sides.
10. Plaid - multicolored fabric can also be attributed to double-sided fabrics.
11. If the fabric is woolen, then the colored threads will look brighter from the front side. Woolen fabrics rolled up in a roll with the right side inside.
On complex fabrics, before cutting, it is necessary to mark the front side in several places, especially in inter-pattern lunges. Usually this is done in small crosses. This is important not only so as not to confuse the parts when grinding, but also for trimming picks, slats, valves, and so on.
In general, the methods for determining the front and back sides can be represented in the form of the following table:
front and back side definition table
Well, and finally: how to tell the front side from the wrong side?
If you have gone through all the visual methods, but doubts remain, do not forget about tactile sensations– the sensitivity of your fingers will never let you down.
I note that it also happens like this: I want to choose a deliberately wrong side - what was the wrong side for the authors of the creation of the fabric, it seems to us, on the contrary, more attractive.
I will reassure you: if you still could not confidently choose one of the sides for the front, then no one will know about it except you, because everything is known in comparison.
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With love, Olga Zlobina