AS (Acetato, Acetate, Acetat, Acetate) - acetate fiber
Acetate (and triacetate) fibers are man-made.
Acetate and triacetate fabrics keep their shape well, resistant to microorganisms, elastic, pleasant to the touch. Acetate is part of the yarn with cotton, wool, mohair. They are often used as additives to natural fibers to give the fabric elasticity.
AF , EA (Sonstige facem, Another fibre, Autres fibres) - other fibers
Additional fibers that are added to the main ones, with a percentage of less than 5%.
SA (Canapa, Hemp, Hant, Chanvre) - fiber from hemp, hemp
Hemp fiber - hemp fiber. In terms of hygroscopic, anti-electrostatic and high physical and mechanical properties, hemp is close to flax fiber. Characterized by strength and resistance to salt water. Often used in a mixture with linen for household fabrics (sheets, towels, tablecloths, etc.).
co (Cotone, Cotton, Baumwolle, Coton) - cotton
Cotton is a fiber of plant origin, the most commonly used fiber. Cotton is the worst conductor of heat and therefore seems warmer than, for example, linen. It also has a good ability to absorb moisture, which makes cotton products more pleasant to wear, they do not electrify, they are easy to dye and finish. Disadvantages - low wear resistance and a high percentage of shrinkage.
Cu (Cupro)- copper-ammonia fiber
Copper-ammonia fiber is obtained from cotton fluff and refined wood pulp. In terms of physical and mechanical properties, copper-ammonia fibers are superior to viscose. The fiber is even, smooth, with a soft pleasant sheen, it is well dyed, in a dry state it is stronger than viscose, more resilient and elastic. Copper-ammonia fiber is used in the production of knitwear, and mixed with wool - for the manufacture of fabrics and carpets.
EL (Comma, Bubber, Elastodiene, Elastan, Elasthanne) - elastane
Elastane is a synthetic polyurethane fiber, its main property is extensibility. Elastane is also a strong, rather thin and wear-resistant fiber. Elastane is used as an addition to the main fabrics. Due to the stretchability, things with a small percentage of elastane fit better on the figure, they are tight, but after stretching they easily return to their original shape. Elastane is quite resistant to various kinds of external influences, and things with its content can last a very long time; when this fiber is added, things practically do not wrinkle.
HA (Pelo, Hair, Haar, Poil) - bristle, hair thread, pile
HL (Limisto, Union Linen, Halbleinen, Metis) - linen with impurities, semi-linen fiber
Linen fiber with the addition of other fibers (usually less than 5%).
Li (Lino, Linen-Flax, Flachs, Linen, Lin) - linen
Flax is the world's oldest plant fiber. Linen is highly hygroscopic, absorbs moisture quickly and dries out just as quickly. In winter, things made of linen warm, and in summer they help to survive the heat more easily. Linen is several times stronger than cotton. Linen clothing will last a long time. Linen wrinkles, but not as much as cotton. To avoid this, cotton, viscose or wool fibers are added to it. From frequent washings does not lose its softness.
Ly (Laychra, Laycra) - lycra
Lycra (Elastane in Europe, Spandex in the US and Canada) is a highly elastic synthetic fiber developed by DuPont. Gives the fabric specific properties - provides freedom of movement and retains its shape, and also prevents the formation of wrinkles. Washes easily and dries quickly. Only 2% Lycra is enough to change the properties of the fabric. Lycra stretches 6-8 times and easily returns to its original state.
Ma (Modacrylice, Modacrylin, Modacryl) - modified acrylic
Modacryl is a fiber of chemical origin, modified acrylic fiber from polyacryl (with a minimum content of 85%) and other vinyl components.
md (Modal, Moadal) - modified viscose fiber
Modal is a cellulose fiber derived from wood. It is stronger than viscose. Incredibly light - 10 thousand meters of this fiber weighs only 1 gram. Gives a soft sheen to fabrics, making them soft and pleasant. Increases the wear resistance of the fabric, does not shed, does not fade and does not shrink when washed, and does not lose all its properties after repeated washings. Incredibly comfortable to wear: pleasantly cool and does not cause irritation. Disadvantages - slightly inferior in elasticity to viscose and quite expensive.
Ny (Naylon, Polyamide) - nylon, polyamide
Polyamide is the general name for a whole group of various synthetic fibers, among which are capron, nylon, silon, perlon. This is the first "synthetics" on the fabric market. The main properties of polyamide products are: sufficient rigidity, surface smoothness, lightness, high dimensional stability and strength, low light resistance, low hygroscopicity, high wear resistance. Doesn't wrinkle and dries quickly.
Me ( Metall, Metal, Meta) - metallic thread
Metallized thread is a thread of very thin metal foil, cut into narrow strips and covered with the thinnest plastic film or polyester fiber with metal sputtering. Painted in different colors. Blended with other fibers for strength or decorative effect.
PA (Acrilica, Polyacrylic, Polyacryl, Acrylique, Acrylic) - acrylic
Acrylic is a high quality synthetic fiber. Acrylic in many characteristics and appearance is similar to wool, for which it received the name "artificial wool". Perfectly combined with wool. It is a warm, soft, lightweight, delicate and pliable moth-proof material. Acrylic holds its shape, perfectly tolerates the effects of dry cleaning and a variety of weather conditions. It practically does not fade, does not discolor and is perfectly stained. Disadvantages - the formation of pellets, low air permeability.
PL (Poliestere, Polyester) - polyester, polyester fiber
Polyester is a synthetic polyester fibre. It is good to fix the shape when heated, which is very often used when creating folds. Polyester is used in various combinations to add strength and anti-static effect to the products. The most popular blend of polyester and cotton, however, due to its softness and ability to dry quickly, polyester is added to both wool and viscose.
PE (Polietilen, Polyethylene, Polietileno) - polyethylene fiber
Polyethylene - polymer, chemical fiber.
PP (Polipropilene) - polypropylene fiber
Polypropylene fiber is a synthetic fiber that is made from polypropylene. Elastic, resistant to bending, has good thermal insulation properties, resistant to chemicals. Polypropylene is used for the manufacture of ropes, nets, carpets, blankets, fabrics for outerwear, knitwear.
PU (Poliuretanica, Polyurethane) - polyurethane fiber
Polyurethane fiber - synthetic origin, perfectly blends with other fibers, giving them strength.
RA (Ramie) - nettle fiber (ramie)
Ramie is a high-quality natural thread, smooth with a beautiful matte effect, similar to linen. Obtained from Chinese nettle. Ramie fiber has good strength, does not rot. The luster of ramie fiber resembles silk, it can be easily dyed without losing its silkiness, therefore it can be used in expensive fabrics. Often used in denim as an additive.
RS (Rubber artificial) - rubber,artificial rubber
Just as natural rubber is made from latex, synthetic rubber is made from synthetic latex.
SE (Seta, Silk, Seide, Soie) - silk
Natural silk is one of the most noble and expensive materials. The main property of silk is thermoregulation, i.e. the ability to adjust and maintain the temperature of the human body. It can provide good breathability in summer and keep you warm in winter. Silk very quickly evaporates moisture and dries, requires careful handling. When washing silk sheds a lot, so it should only be washed by hand at 30 degrees and with a mild special agent. A silk thing must be rinsed well, first in warm, then in cold water. Silk should not be rubbed, squeezed, twisted, or dried in a dryer. Wet products are carefully wrapped in a cloth, slightly squeezed out of the water and hung or laid out in a horizontal position. Iron on a certain mode.
TA (Triacetato, Triacetate) - triacetate
Obtained from primary acetate by chemical action. Differs in low hygroscopicity, easily gives in to coloring. Does not require ironing, retains wrinkles well even after washing. It is mainly used for the manufacture of fabrics for ties, bedspreads, lace, pleated skirts.
VI (Viscosa, Viscose) - viscose
Viscose is a concentrated solution of natural compounds - hydrated cellulose fibers. Viscose fiber is close to cotton. The fiber has a loose structure, resembles silk in appearance, has excellent hygienic properties - it is breathable, has high hygroscopicity, high strength, and irons well. The disadvantage is a sharp shine, strong shrinkage during washing, loss of strength when wet (it is not recommended to twist and squeeze it hard).
RVC (Polyvinylchloride) - polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride is a polymer of vinyl chloride. Differs in resistance to chemicals. Does not burn in air, but has low frost resistance down to -15 °C. Withstands heating up to +65 °C. Polyvinyl chloride is also often used in clothing and accessories to create a leather-like material that is smooth and shiny.
PVCF (Polyvinyl chloride fiber) - polyvinyl chloride fiber
Polyvinyl chloride fiber is a fiber of synthetic origin, which is made from solutions of polyvinyl chloride. Resistant to many chemicals, flame retardant. They often make overalls, non-combustible drapery fabrics, thermal insulation materials.
WA (Angora) - wool fiber from the angora goat
Angora is a very soft and fluffy woolen fabric with a characteristic delicate pile. In its pure form, angora is practically not used - it is expensive, and the fibers in the yarn do not hold well due to their softness and smoothness, the yarn sheds, but mixed with wool or acrylic, which are added to increase strength, it is simply ideal.
WO (Lana, Wool, Woole, Lane, Laine, Wolle) - wool
Wool is a textile fabric that is produced mainly from sheep's wool. Woolen fabrics have very high heat-shielding properties. To ensure high wear resistance of the fabric, synthetic fibers are often added to wool fibers. Quality control of woolen yarn, fabric and products made from them is carried out by the International Wool Secretariat. Having passed this control, the wool manufacturer has the right to put the Pure wool or Woolmark mark on their products - evidence of high-quality wool.
WK (Camello, Camel, Kamel, Chamean) - camel hair
The main advantage of camel wool is lightness. It is about 2 times lighter than sheep. Products made from such wool optimally maintain body temperature, warming in the cold and protecting from overheating in the heat. High hygroscopicity allows moisture to be removed from the body, leaving the body dry. Due to the high antistatic properties, which of all types of wool is characteristic only of camel wool, the products do not get dirty for a long time, they are easy to care for and use.
WL (Lama, Liama) - wool fiber from llama
Llama wool is a protein fiber and does not contain natural oils and lanolin. Llama wool is light and soft, retains heat well. It does not cause allergic reactions, it is able to repel water. The llama's coat has an exceptional variety of natural shades, from white, ash pink, light brown, gray and silver to dark brown and black. White wool is dyed using natural dyes. Cashmere is the finest down (undercoat) of a highland cashmere goat that lives in the Tibet region and in the province of Kashmir between India and Pakistan. Cashmere goats are also bred in Australia, New Zealand and Scotland, which is obtained in the process of combing. Cashmere is an exquisite, expensive material, which is deservedly called the "wool diamond" for its lightness, tenderness and at the same time warm properties.
WP (Alpaca, Alpaka) - alpaca wool
Alpaca is a type of llama. Alpaca wool has extraordinary properties: soft, light, with a silky sheen that lasts the entire life of the product, very warm, with good thermoregulatory properties, durable. It has a wide range of natural colors - 22 shades.
WY (Yach, Yak, Yack) - yak wool
Yak wool has a unique ability to retain heat, is hygroscopic, soft and light. Wool has a good fit, stretches well and is resistant to wrinkling. Like camel hair, the down of the Tibetan yak cannot be dyed, it is durable and unpretentious when worn.
Wool
100% WV (VIRGIN WOOL)
Wool of the highest quality, sheared, combed or collected from sheep or lamb during shedding and not subjected to pre-treatment. In other words, it is pure (new), unmixed, first time processed, unused wool.
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Mohair
"Mohair" in Turkish "muyhyar" means "the best goat hair". Mohair is durable, lightweight and retains heat well. It is easily cleaned of dirt, well-dyed and adds shine to the fabric.
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Angora
The manifestation of this type of raw material and the name is associated with angora goats. Angora wool is very fluffy, soft and warm. It is very rarely used in its pure form, usually mixed with other fibers.
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Merino wool
Merino sheep wool, and sheared from a certain place - from the withers, where it is especially good. This is a fine fleece wool, its thickness is less than 24 microns. Merino wool is long, white, has excellent thermostatic and hydroscopic properties. Due to the growth characteristics (natural curl), merino wool is resilient. Fabrics from such raw materials make it possible to create light, very warm, durable, wrinkle-resistant and comfortable products.
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Cashmere
The softest and finest wool in the world. The name comes from the area of Kashmir (India), where it was first produced. Cashmere is a thin and soft fluff (undercoat) of a Tibetan alpine goat living at an altitude of 4-4.5 thousand meters, where the temperature does not rise above minus 10 degrees Celsius. It is this challenging climate that makes cashmere so incredibly soft, light and amazingly warm.
Cashmere is plucked or combed out by hand with a special pinch in the spring, when after the winter cold the goat does not need fluff. One goat brings no more than 150 grams of down per year. To knit one cashmere sweater, you will need the wool of four to six animals. This is just one of the indicators that clearly illustrate the value of things made from real cashmere.
Cashmere fiber is thinner than 15 microns (whereas the thickness of a human hair is 75 microns). That is why the touch of cashmere seems so pleasant to us. Cashmere fabric is very warm, delicate, light, wear-resistant and does not cause allergies.
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Alpaca
Alpaca wool is divided into 22 color shades: from pure white, then beige, silver, brown to black. Due to the fact that individual fibers of alpaca wool are long (up to 12-15 cm), it does not fall off and practically does not form spools, while being distinguished by a silky sheen. Wool is obtained by shearing. One animal gives about 1.5 kg of wool.
Products made of alpaca wool do not lose their presentation throughout the entire service life, which is measured in years.
Second only to vicuña wool, alpaca fleece is considered the best among the elite, it is sorted exclusively by hand, thanks to which its own length and its natural qualities are preserved - strength, elasticity and softness, so alpaca products do not shrink when washed, do not roll up and are worn for a very long time.
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Vicuna
The world's most expensive woolen fabric, made from vicuña wool, the smallest representative of the family of humpless South American camels, is used exclusively in individual tailoring.
Vicuña wool is superior in thinness and lightness to the wool of any other ungulate animal, while it is very difficult to get it: vicuña does not live in captivity, therefore, at certain times of the year, raids are organized on these animals, during which they are sheared and then released back. At one time, no more than 500 grams of precious wool can be cut from each animal.
Delicate vicuña does not withstand all dyes, so products from it are usually offered to the buyer only in certain colors. Natural wool has body-strengthening properties, is able to neutralize toxins released with sweat, has a positive effect on muscle tissue and skin, stimulates blood circulation, regulates blood pressure, normalizes sleep, eliminates fatigue, calms the nervous system, increases the body's resistance to colds, and has a healing effect on rheumatism. , arthritis, arthrosis, sciatica, muscle pain. Nature created alpaca and vicuña wool without lanolin, so it does not contain microorganisms that are often the cause of allergies.
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Biella
For more than thirty years, fabrics made in Italy at factories in the city of Biella, in the province of Piedmont, have been an international standard of the highest quality.
All factories supplying fabrics for TROY COLLEZIONE clothing are located directly in the city of Biella and are thus a benchmark.
For your convenience, we have collected information on the symbols found on clothes on this page.
Fabric composition denoted by Latin characters. Below are the main symbols and their interpretation:
Table of fabric compositions
| Code | English meaning | Translation into Russian |
|---|---|---|
| AB | Abaca (Manila hemp) | manila hemp |
| AC | Acetate | Acetate |
| AF | Other fibers | Other fibers |
| AG | Alginate | Alginate |
| AS | Asbestos | asbestos fiber |
| CA | true hemp | Hemp |
| CC | coir (coconut) | coconut fiber |
| CL | Chlorofiber | Chloride fiber |
| CO | Cotton | Cotton |
| CU | Cupro | Copper |
| EA | Elastan | Elastane |
| GL | glass fiber | Fiberglass |
| HA | Hair | Hair |
| HE | Henequen | mexican sisal |
| HL | Cotton Linen Union | Blended fiber linen+cotton |
| JU | Jute | Jute |
| KE | Kenaf (Hibiscus hemp) | Kenaf |
| KP | Kapok | Kapok (raw down) |
| LI | Flax | Linen |
| ME | metal, metalized | Metallic, metallized fiber |
| MG | Maguey | Mexican sisal "Maggie" |
| MO | Modal | Modal (long staple cotton) |
| PA | Nylon | Nylon, polyamide |
| PB | Polycarbamide | Polyurea |
| PC | Acrylic | Acrylic |
| PE | Polyethylene | Polyethylene |
| PI | Paper | Cellulose fiber |
| PL | Polyester | Polyester |
| PP | Polypropylene | Polypropylene |
| PR | protein | Protein |
| PU | Polyurethane | Polyurethane |
| RA | Ramie | Ramie |
| SE | Silk | Silk |
| SI | Sisal | Sisal (processed agave text fibers) |
| SN | Sunn | Indian hemp |
| TA | Triacetate | Triacetate |
| TR | unspecified composition | Indefinite fibers, small fractions |
| TV | Trivinyl | Trivinyl |
| VI | Viscose | Viscose |
| VY | vinyl | Vinyl |
| WA | angora | Angora |
| W.B. | Beaver | Beaver |
| WG | Vicuna | Lama Vicuna |
| WK | camel | Camel |
| WL | Lama | Lama |
| WM | Mohair | Mohair |
| WO | Wool | Wool |
| WP | Alpaca | Alpaca |
| WS | Kashmir | Cashmere |
| wt | Otter | Otter |
| WU | Guanaco | Lama Guanaco |
| WV | Fleece Wool | Fleece |
| WY | Yak | Yak |
Care of natural fabrics
Cotton can be washed at any temperature in the washing machine and by hand with universal detergents. Shrinkage of products after washing by 3-5% is possible.
Silk requires delicate handling. We recommend hand washing with special detergents for washing wool and silk at temperatures up to 30°C. Does not tolerate high temperatures. Wash colored items separately. Don't soak.
Wool- We recommend hand washing or washing in a machine if it has a program for washing wool, at a temperature not exceeding 30 ° C. Use special detergents for washing wool. Do not squeeze hard after washing. Dry items by laying them gently on a towel.
Caring for artificial fabrics Rayon, viscose, modal It is recommended to wash at low temperature. Hand wash is preferred. Shrinkage 4-7% when washed. Use mild detergents.
Caring for synthetic fabrics Tactel, lycra, dacron, polyesters, polyamides, elastane- We recommend machine wash at 40°C. Does not tolerate hot iron (may melt!)
General principles to follow when caring for fabrics
- Do not use bleach unless specifically stated on the product label.
- Use mild detergents (liquid or powder).
- Incorrect dosage of detergent can damage the laundry.
- Dosage recommendations are indicated on the detergent packaging.
- When washing in the machine, put the underwear in special bags.
- Do not soak printed or colored fabrics.
- Do not tumble dry.
- Before washing, pay attention to the care instructions indicated on the product.
- Sort laundry by type of wash. Wash new colored items separately the first time you wash them. Wash bright and dark colors separately.
- If the care symbols indicate a delicate wash, it is advisable to halve the amount of laundry. This will prevent it from twisting too much.
- Wash items made of synthetic fibers and their mixtures separately from cotton and linen.
- Dark materials have an excess of dyes. This excess must be removed by hand washing.
Icons found on labels with recommendations for washing and ironing temperatures
Wash:
Drying and spinning:
Whitening and dry cleaning:
Ironing:
You might also find it useful.
Any factory-made fabric must have a marking indicating the composition of the fibers from which it is made. Such data is indicated both on rolls and on tags on fabric samples. Often the name of the fiber material is written in its entirety, but abbreviations are most often used.
Information about fabric composition is important for many reasons:
- It primarily determines the mechanical and external characteristics of the fabric, its wear resistance, shrinkage and other parameters.
- Different types of fibers in cost can vary significantly. As a rule, they are more expensive than synthetic ones.
- Knowing the composition of the fabric, it is possible with a reasonable degree of confidence to assume the appropriate mode of washing, drying and ironing (if allowed at all).
- From the intended care regimen, the scope directly follows. For example, 100% linen tulle in the kitchen will inevitably collect grease, and it will need to be washed regularly, which will inevitably lead to shrinkage of the fabric. Conclusion - it is better not to use this type of fabric in the wrong place.
The abbreviation order for mixed fabrics is sorted in descending percentage. For example, 53%PES, 40%VI, 7%LI
In the case of equal content, the sequence can be any.
Fabrics that are 100% made from one type of fiber may instead of "100%" have the designation "All" 100% CO = All CO.
If the percentage of the material is less than 5%, such a fiber may be referred to as "other fiber" (other fiber) or "other fibers" (other fibers).
This rule does not apply to characteristic fibers that radically change the properties of the fabric, for example, 1% Lurex is enough to make the fabric sparkle with sparks. The same applies to spandex and some other specialty fibers. Wool cannot be declared as "other fibre".
| Reduction | Decryption | Description | Detailed description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AB | Abaca (Manila hemp) | Manila hemp, Sheet fiber | Fiber extracted from tropical plants, the so-called "textile banana" |
| AC | Acetato Acetate Acetate Acetate |
Acetate (and triacetate) fibers are man-made. Acetate and triacetate fabrics keep their shape well, resistant to microorganisms, elastic, pleasant to the touch. Acetate is part of the yarn with cotton, wool, mohair. They are often used as additives to natural fibers to give the fabric elasticity. |
|
| AF/EA | sonstige facem Another fiber Autres fibers |
Other fibers | |
| AG | Alginate | Alginate | Polysaccharide, a viscous rubbery substance extracted from brown algae |
| AS | Asbestos | asbestos fiber | mineral fiber |
| CA | Canapa Hemp hunt Chanvre |
hemp fiber, | Hemp fiber is hemp fiber found in the bast layer. In terms of hygroscopic, anti-electrostatic and high physical and mechanical properties, hemp is close to flax fiber. Characterized by strength and resistance to salt water. Often used in a mixture with linen for household fabrics (sheets, towels, tablecloths, etc.). |
| CC | coir (coconut) | coconut fiber | coir(from Malayal. kayaru - rope) - fiber from intercarp of coconut palm nuts. |
| CL | Chlorofiber | Chloride fiber | |
| CO/COT | cottone Cotton Baumwolle Cotton |
Cotton | Cotton is a plant fiber and is a commonly used textile fiber. Great preference is given to it due to its many useful properties. Of plant fibers, cotton is the worst conductor of heat and therefore seems warmer than, for example, linen. Cotton also has a good ability to absorb moisture, due to which cotton products are more pleasant to wear, they do not electrify, they are easy to dye and finish. Among the shortcomings, low wear resistance and a high percentage of shrinkage can be noted. |
| CU | Cupro Cupro Cupro Cupro |
copper ammonium fiber, cupro | Copper-ammonia fiber is obtained from cotton fluff and refined wood pulp. Cellulose is dissolved in a copper-ammonia solution and forced through spinnerets. In terms of physical and mechanical properties, copper-ammonia fibers are superior to viscose. The fiber is even, smooth, with a soft pleasant sheen, it is well dyed, in a dry state it is stronger than viscose, more resilient and elastic. Copper-ammonia fiber is used in the production of knitwear, and mixed with wool for the manufacture of fabrics and carpets. |
| EA | Altre fiber Other fibers as well as AF |
Other fibers | Additional fibers that are added to the main ones, with a percentage of less than 5%. |
| EL | Comma bubber Elastodien Elastodiene Elastan Elasthan Elasthanne |
Elastane is a synthetic polyurethane fiber whose main property is extensibility. Elastane is also an unusually strong, rather thin and wear-resistant fiber. Typically, elastane is used as an addition to the main fabrics to give the garment certain properties. Due to the stretchability, things with a small percentage of elastane fit better on the figure, they are tight, but after stretching they easily return to their original shape. Elastane is quite resistant to various kinds of external influences, and things with its content can last a very long time. The advantages of elastane include the fact that when this fiber is added, things practically do not wrinkle. |
|
| FLS | Flos | floss | Synthetic analogue of viscose |
| GL | glass fiber | Fiberglass | |
| HA | Pelo Hair Haar Poil |
Bristle, hair thread, pile | |
| HE | Henequen | mexican sisal | |
| HL | Limisto Union Linen Halbleinen Metis |
Linen with impurities, semi-linen fiber | Linen fiber with the addition of other fibers (usually less than 5%). |
| JU | Jute | Jute | Jute is a plant fiber extracted from the jute plant. The main property of jute is hygroscopicity. Today, jute is mainly used for the manufacture of ropes, twine, sacks, various types of furniture and packaging fabrics. |
| KE | Kenaf (Hibiscus hemp) | Kenaf | |
| KP | Kapok | Kapok (raw down) | |
| LI | Lino linen-flax Flachs, Linen Lin |
Linen | - the world's oldest fiber of plant origin. Linen is highly hygroscopic, absorbs moisture quickly and dries out just as quickly. In winter, things made of linen warm, and in summer they help to survive the heat more easily. Linen is several times stronger than cotton, and as a result, high wear resistance of linen clothing, which will last for a long time. Linen wrinkles, but not as much as cotton. To avoid this, cotton, viscose or wool fibers are added to it. From frequent washings does not lose its softness. |
| LY | Laychra Lycra |
Lycra | Lycra (Lycra) (in Europe "elastane", in the USA and Canada - "spandex") - a highly elastic synthetic fiber developed by DuPont, is a segmented polyurethane. Looks like a bunch of tiny threads under a microscope. It is always used in combination with other fibers - natural or man-made - and gives the fabric specific properties, namely, it provides freedom of movement and shape retention, as well as prevents wrinkling. Washes easily and dries quickly. Only 2% Lycra is enough to change the properties of the fabric. Lycra stretches 6-8 times, and when the load is stopped, it easily returns to its original state. |
| MA | modacrilice Modacrylin Modacryl modacrylice |
modified acrylic | Modacryl is a fiber of chemical origin, modified acrylic fiber from polyacryl (with a minimum content of 85%) and other vinyl components. |
| ME | metal Metallised metall Meta |
Metallic, metallized fiber | Metallized thread is a thread made of very thin metal foil, cut into narrow strips and covered with the thinnest plastic film or polyester fiber with metal sputtering. Painted in different colors. Blended with other fibers for strength or decorative effect. |
| MD | Modal Moadal Modal Modal |
Modified viscose fiber | - cellulose fiber obtained from wood. It is stronger than viscose, and in terms of hygroscopicity it is one and a half times superior to cotton. Incredibly light - 10 thousand meters of this fiber weighs only 1 gram, making it the perfect companion. Gives a soft sheen to fabrics, making them soft and pleasant. Increases the wear resistance of the fabric, does not shed, does not fade and does not shrink when washed, and does not lose all its properties after repeated washings. Incredibly comfortable to wear: pleasantly cool and does not cause irritation. Of the shortcomings, it should be noted: it is slightly inferior in elasticity to viscose and quite expensive. |
| MG | Maguey | Mexican sisal "Magi" | |
| MO | Modal | Modal (long staple cotton) | |
| New York | Naylon Polyamide |
, polyamide | Polyamide is the common name for a whole group of various synthetic fibers, including capron, nylon, silon, perlon. This is the first "" in the fabric market. Polyamide fibers are obtained by processing various organic raw materials - oil, natural gas, coal. The main properties of polyamide products are: sufficient rigidity, surface smoothness, lightness, high dimensional stability and strength, low light resistance, low hygroscopicity, high wear resistance. Doesn't wrinkle and dries quickly. |
| PA, PAN | Acrilica Polyacrylic Polyacryl Acrylique Acrilico Acrylic |
, sometimes nylon, polyamide | Acrylic is a high quality synthetic fiber produced from petroleum and is known on the market as PAN fiber, acrylic, nitron, orlon, prelana, krylor, redon, etc. Acrylic is similar to wool in many characteristics and appearance, for which called "artificial wool". |
| PB | Polycarbamide | Polyurea | |
| PC | Acrylic | Acrylic | Acrylic |
| PE | Polyethylene Polyethylene Polietileno |
Polyethylene fiber | Polyethylene is a polymer, chemical fiber. This unique material combines the most valuable properties and the ability to be recycled. |
| PI | Paper | Cellulose fiber | |
| PL,PES | Polyestere Polyester Polyester |
Polyester, polyester fiber | Polyester is a synthetic polyester fibre. It has a very useful property to fix the shape well when heated, which is very often used when creating folds. However, when heated above 40 degrees, dents can form, which are not easy to get rid of. Polyester is used in various combinations to add strength and anti-static effect to the products. The most popular blend of polyester and cotton, however, due to its softness and ability to dry quickly, polyester is added to both wool and viscose. |
| PP | Polypropylene | Polypropylene fiber | Polypropylene fiber is a synthetic fiber that is made from polypropylene. Elastic, resistant to bending, has good thermal insulation properties, resistant to chemicals. Polypropylene is used for the manufacture of ropes, nets, carpets, blankets, fabrics for outerwear, knitwear, filters. |
| PR | protein | Protein | |
| PU | Poliuretanica Polyurethane Polyurethane |
Polyurethane | Polyurethane fiber - synthetic origin, ideally blends with other fibers, giving them strength. |
| RA | Ramie | Nettle fiber (ramie) | Ramie is a high-quality natural thread, smooth with a beautiful matte effect, similar to linen. Obtained from Chinese nettle. Ramie fiber has good strength, does not rot, allows it to be used for dressing ropes and sailing fabric. The luster of ramie fiber resembles silk, it can be easily dyed without losing its silkiness, therefore it can be used in expensive fabrics. Often used in denim as an additive. |
| RS | rubber artificial | Rubber, artificial rubber | Just as natural rubber is made from latex, synthetic rubber is made from synthetic latex. |
| RYN | Rayon | Synthetic material derived from cellulose. | |
| SE | seta Silk seide soie |
Natural silk is one of the most noble and expensive materials. The main thing is thermoregulation, i.e. the ability to adjust and maintain the temperature of the human body depending on external influences. It can provide good breathability in summer and keep you warm in winter. Silk very quickly evaporates moisture and dries, requires careful handling. When washing silk sheds a lot, so it should only be washed by hand at 30 degrees and with a mild special agent. A silk thing must be rinsed well, first in warm, then in cold water. Silk should not be rubbed, squeezed, twisted, or dried in a dryer. Wet products are carefully wrapped in a cloth, slightly squeezed out of the water and hung or laid out in a horizontal position. Iron on a certain mode. |
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| SI | Sisal or Silk | Sisal or Silk | Processed fibers of textile agaves, silk is also often indicated by this sign. |
| SW | Silkworm | Silkworm | |
| TA | Triacetato Triacetate Triacetate |
Triacetate | Obtained from primary acetate by chemical action. Differs in low hygroscopicity, easily gives in to coloring. Does not require ironing, retains wrinkles well even after washing. It is mainly used for the manufacture of fabrics for ties, tulle, bedspreads, lace, skirts with pleats. |
| TR | Residut tessili Textile residual Restlich Textile Residu Textile |
Production weaving residues, arbitrary composition | |
| TV | Trivinyl | Trivinyl | |
| VI | Viscosa Viscose |
Viscose | Viscose is a concentrated solution of natural compounds - hydrated cellulose fibers. Viscose fiber is the most versatile of the chemical fibers, it is close to cotton. The fiber has a loose structure, resembles silk in appearance, has excellent hygienic properties - it is breathable, has high hygroscopicity, high strength, and irons well. The disadvantage is a sharp sheen, strong shrinkage during washing, loss of strength when wet. In this regard, it is not recommended to twist and squeeze hard. It is used very widely in its pure form and in combination with other fibers. An improved viscose fiber is siblon, which wrinkles little, shrinks little, is strong and shiny. |
| VY | vinyl | Vinyl | |
| RVC | Polyvinylchloride Polyvinyl chloride |
PVC, PVC | Polyvinyl chloride is a polymer of vinyl chloride. Differs in resistance to chemicals. Does not burn in air, but has low frost resistance up to (?) 15 ° C. Withstands heating up to +65 °C. Polyvinyl chloride is also often used in clothing and accessories to create a leather-like material that is smooth and shiny. |
| PVCF | Polyvinylchloride fiber | PVC fiber | Polyvinyl chloride fiber is a fiber of synthetic origin, which is made from solutions of polyvinyl chloride. Resistant to many chemicals, flame retardant. They often make overalls, non-combustible drapery fabrics, thermal insulation materials. |
| WA | angora Angora |
Angora | Angora is a very soft and fluffy woolen fabric with a characteristic delicate pile. In its pure form, angora is practically not used - it is expensive, and the fibers in the yarn do not hold well due to their softness and smoothness, the yarn sheds, but mixed with wool or acrylic, which are added to increase strength, it is simply ideal. |
| W.B. | Beaver | beaver fur | There is a famous anecdote about the beaver |
| WG | Vicuna | Lama Vicuna | |
| WK | Camello camel Kamel Chamean |
Camel's wool | The main advantages of camel wool are lightness. It is about 2 times lighter than sheep. It has low thermal conductivity. Products made from such wool optimally maintain body temperature, warming in the cold and protecting from overheating in the heat. High hygroscopicity allows moisture to be removed from the body, leaving the body dry. Due to the high antistatic properties, which of all types of wool is characteristic only of camel wool, the products do not get dirty for a long time, they are easy to care for and use. |
| WL | Lama Liama |
Wool fiber from llama | Llama wool is a protein fiber and does not contain natural oils and lanolin. Llama wool is light and soft, retains heat well. It does not cause allergic reactions, is able to repel water and, unlike other types of wool, regulate its humidity in a range convenient for humans. The llama's coat has an exceptional variety of natural shades, from white, ash pink, light brown, gray and silver to dark brown and black. White wool is dyed using natural dyes. |
| WM | Mohair | Mohair, specially tanned wool from the angora goat | Mohair is the wool of Angora goats that live in Turkey (Angora Province), South Africa and the United States. This is one of the warmest and most durable natural materials, while being exceptionally light and silky with a natural, stable natural sheen that persists even when dyed, and does not fade. Mohair products require careful storage and delicate care. |
| WO | Lana Wool Woole Lane Laine wolle |
Wool | Wool is a textile fabric that is produced mainly from sheep's wool. Wool has a low thermal conductivity, so it has very high heat-shielding properties. To ensure high wear resistance of the fabric, synthetic fibers are often added to wool fibers. Fine wool (lana merinos) - thin and soft, pleasant to the touch and elastic. Quality control of woolen yarn, fabric and products made from them is carried out by the International Wool Secretariat. Having passed this control, the wool manufacturer has the right to put the Pure wool or Woolmark mark on their products - evidence of high-quality wool. |
| WP | Alpaca Alpaca |
Alpaca | kind of lama. It lives in the Peruvian Andes at an altitude of 4000-5000m. in extreme conditions (bright sun, cold wind, sudden temperature changes). has extraordinary properties: soft, light, with a silky sheen that lasts the entire service life of the product, very warm, with good thermoregulatory properties, durable. |
| wt | Otter | otter fur | |
| WU | Guanaco | Llama-Guanaco wool | |
| WV | Fleece Wool | ||
| WY | Yach Yak yack |
Yak wool | Yak wool has a unique ability to retain heat, is hygroscopic, soft and light. Wool has a good fit, stretches well and is resistant to wrinkling. Like camel hair, the down of the Tibetan yak cannot be dyed, it is durable and unpretentious when worn. |