Svetlana Sycheva
Project “Spiritual and moral education in preschool educational institutions”
Spiritual and moral education children is one of the important tasks of an educational institution. Great importance the family has to solve these problems. The family is the leading channel for broadcasting cultural values. The task is the main task of the family education. In Russian pedagogy upbringing has always been associated with development spiritually- moral sphere and set itself the main goal - raise a child to think, virtuous, merciful, conscientious, believing in the possibility of improving the world and people.
In Article 18 of the Law of the Russian Federation "About Education" it says: “Parents are the first teachers. They are obliged to lay the first foundations of physical, moral and intellectual development personality of a child at an early age."
Order of the Ministry of Education and Science Russian Federation No. 1155 of September 17, 2013 “On approval of the federal state educational standard for preschool education.” In the direction of cognitive development, it involves the development of ideas about the sociocultural values of our people, about small homeland and the Fatherland, about domestic traditions and holidays, about planet Earth as the common home of people, about the peculiarities of its nature, the diversity of countries and peoples of the world.
At preschool age, cultural and value orientations are formed spiritually- the moral basis of the child’s personality, the development of his emotions, feelings, thinking, mechanisms social adaptation in society, the process of national and cultural self-identification, awareness of oneself in the world around us begins.
The priority task for the formation of the foundations of morality is education the child has love and affection for home, family, family traditions and customs. Therefore, the task of an educational institution is to actualize the child’s sense of belonging with his family, clan, and relatives; initiate children's awareness family values, traditions, customs.
Touching the history of your family evokes strong emotions in a child, makes you empathize, and attentively pay attention to the memory of the past, to your historical roots. Interaction with parents in this direction contributes to the formation of a caring attitude towards family values and the preservation of family ties. Only a family can ensure the preservation of commandments, national traditions and customs, songs, sayings, and ensure the transmission to descendants of everything positive that is accumulated by the family and people.
And currently a relatively new preschool sphere direction of Orthodox preschool education. For the first time, the Concept of Orthodox preschool education was developed, original programs were created, the main provisions of the methodology were formulated, and ways of pedagogical education of parents and teachers in matters of development and raising small children.
The experience of our preschool institution has shown that cooperation with the family requires new forms, and sometimes updating the content of cooperation. The kindergarten is obliged and capable of providing psychological and pedagogical support to the family in matters spiritual and moral education of preschool children.
A creative group of teachers drew up a plan to solve the standard project of spiritual and moral education of preschool children, which defines the purpose of work on this direction:
1. Saving spiritually- moral health of children (classes, conversations, oral teachings).
2. Educational and health(holidays, outdoor and educational games, role-playing and construction games, walks, excursions).
3. Cultural and educational (meetings, targeted walks, excursions, concerts, watching filmstrips).
4. Moral and labor (self-service work, cleaning the group and territory, work based on interests, productive activity, making gifts for the holidays).
Interaction with families is organized in several directions.
Defined goals and objectives project:
1.. Teach to distinguish between good and evil, to love good, to be able to do good.
2. To form a feeling of love for the Motherland based on the study of national cultural traditions.
3. Orient the family towards spiritual and moral education of children(familiarizing parents with the basics Orthodox culture) .
4. Saving spiritually- moral health of children. Introducing them to moral and spiritual values of Orthodox culture
The educational direction involves holding events for parents that reveal issues spiritually-moral development And raising children. The topics of the meetings are dedicated to spiritually– the moral foundations of the family way of life, the annual circle of holidays in the life of the family.
Proposed project includes cycles events:
"The world around us"; "Tree of Goodness"; "The region where you live"; "History in architectural monuments"; “What does the bell sing about?”; "Orthodox Russia in Persons"; "Orthodox culture"; "Masters and Hostesses".
Parents are interested in participating in the preparation family tree their family, came up with a coat of arms, a motto, and compiled a pedigree for their family name. Therefore, family study of their ancestry will help children begin to understand very important and deep postulates:
Everyone’s roots are in the history and traditions of the family, their people, the past of the region and the country;
Family is the keeper spiritual, national values.
This contributes to the formation of the foundations of patriotism already in preschool age; the child learns behavioral models, realizes the goals of life and lays the foundation for the success of the goal. education– development of the child as an individual in whom the ideals of the people and the state are concentrated.
Young parents learn that in the preschool period, it is important to show the child moral models as standards, while the adult, as is the case with young parents, does not tell the child "you are bad", and he himself demonstrates the norm of moral behavior. And since in our time it is more difficult with samples, the time-tested technique of using mediocre fairy tale image or an example from the lives of the Saints.
Active interest modern parents call multimedia facilities: presentations, films, audio recordings. They actively use Internet materials, only finding it difficult to find sites. Therefore, in kindergarten, we began creating an audio and video library aimed at introducing families to Orthodox values.
Organizing interaction with the family involves enriching the joint leisure time of parents and children with excursions, trips, joint activities with children, participation of parents in theatrical performances with moral content, holding family holidays secular and church calendar with the participation of parents and children.
Children always look forward to holidays to which their parents are invited. For the holidays, exhibitions of works by teachers, children and their parents are also organized.
Meetings of all participants in the educational process with the rector of the church are of great importance. At such meetings the essence of the Orthodox is revealed. education and Orthodox culture, increases spiritually-moral potential. There is an acquaintance with the traditional family way of life, traditions raising children. An agreement on cooperation has been concluded with the diocese and an elective course will be held starting this academic year.
No less significant are such family traditions like home reading, family theater. Has the opportunity to implement such social and pedagogical projects"Family circle" And "Reading Family".
IN spiritual education child - one of the main tasks is upbringing habits of charity. Upbringing love is built on a feeling of compassion, empathy, participation. Therefore, charity events have become especially significant in our preschool institution. A common cause unites. With special love, the children and their parents made white flowers for the event. "White flower". This good tradition, filled with mercy, is the foundation for the formation of a person’s personality, both an adult and a child.
At the preschool educational institution for parents and pupils a corner of Orthodox culture has been organized, where theoretical and practical material:
Literature for children and teachers;
- audio cassettes and video materials: "conversations with father",
"Holy Sacraments" "Stories and epics" etc.
Demonstration and handouts for conducting classes;
Games by spiritually moral education ;
Illustrations, calendars, albums "Temples", "Orthodox Saints";
Reminders and consultations on the topics “Rules of behavior in the temple”,
“Orthodox holidays in winter”, etc.;
Exhibitions of works by children and parents;
Creation of a unified system spiritual and moral education in a preschool institution based on the interaction of all participants in the educational process gave positive results. Increased spiritually- moral potential of teachers and professional competence in matters of Orthodoxy education of preschool children, parents' interest in spiritual life of a child, parents are involved in the activities of the kindergarten aimed at spiritually- moral development of children.
Concept spiritual and moral education
We will answer that under spiritual and moral education we understand the process of purposefully promoting the formation spiritually- the moral sphere of the child, which is the basis of the basic culture of the individual.
The spiritual component of education in this case, it consists of assisting the child in mastering a system of values and ideals, as well as in forming on this basis a certain personal worldview position.
The moral component is aimed at promoting the development of feelings, relationships and behavior, ideological position in social activities baby: in relationships with other people and God's world.
It is known that the main spiritual and moral education are the spiritual culture of that environment, in which the child lives, in which his formation and development take place - first of all, spiritual the culture of the family and educational institution, forced to take on the function of compensating for the shortcomings and omissions of the family education. The spirit that reigns in the family and in the kindergarten, school, children's association, the spirit by which parents and teachers live. The components of the child’s immediate social environment turn out to be decisive in the formation of the child’s inner world.
Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution kindergarten
No. 18 municipality
Ust-Labinsky district
Project
on spiritual and moral education of preschool children based on Orthodox culture
Completed by: senior
Teacher of MBDOU No. 18
Zakharova O.A.
“...The soul appears in the world as a naked force,
grows, becomes richer in the inner
it’s later.”
(Theophan the Recluse)
Project topic: “Spiritual education of a preschooler is the basis for further education”
Relevance: One of the important modern problems is the spiritual and moral education of children, it is no coincidence that our state is once again returning to the issues of spiritual and moral education of children and youth. Issues of spiritual and moral education are enshrined in the Laws of the Russian Federation “On Education” and “On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation”; the problem of spiritual and moral education is also reflected in the Concept of Education Modernization. Since 2012, the educational course “Fundamentals of the Spiritual and Moral Culture of the Peoples of Russia” has been introduced into the primary school curriculum; one of its modules is the module “Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture.” All this speaks of the relevance and necessity of starting work on spiritual and moral education from a preschool institution.
Education begins with the birth of a child, being the foundation on which the building of education will subsequently be created; it is precisely this that takes its rightful place in awakening the expansion of the child’s consciousness, his soul.
Orthodox culture is a set of spiritual and objective social activities, as well as their results, that have developed and exist in society under the ideological influence of the Orthodox religion. One of the main ideas of Orthodox culture is spirituality.
Raising children without a spiritual and moral foundation is incomplete. Moreover, such upbringing is harmful both for children, whom we release from preschool educational institutions without clear ideas about good and evil, and for us, adults, because we commit a great sin by not caring about the most important thing in raising a child - feeding his soul .
The spiritual poverty of a bitter child’s soul can only be filled with a merciful and heartfelt parental love. So alive and creative love who does not accept stereotypes, we all need to learn today. A child is our future; he needs constant care and spiritual education. The spirit that reigns in the family and kindergarten, which is lived by parents and educators - the people who make up the child’s social environment, turns out to be decisive in the formation of his inner world.
“Suffer the children to come to Me and do not hinder them, for to such is the kingdom of God.”
“One hermit, great in holiness of life and knowledge of the human soul, once commanded his disciple: “tear this tree out of the ground,” and at the same time pointed out to him a young palm tree, which had already taken deep roots. Unquestioningly obeying the elder, the student began to work, but, despite all his efforts, he could not shake him. “Father,” he said to his Abba, you ordered me to do the impossible! “Then the elder pointed him to another very young tree, which the novice immediately uprooted without much effort. The student could not do anything with the tree, which was already firmly rooted, but without much effort he mastered the young one.”
If this story is applied to education, then the meaning will be this: parents are powerless over adult children if they have not started raising them from the beginning. youth. (“Teaching of Irenaeus, Bishop of Yekaterinburg and Irbit on the religious education of children” Yekaterinburg, 1901). These words were written in the twentieth century, but even today they remain relevant and fully relate to spiritual and moral education.
Problem: The problem is that categories such as morality and spirituality are far from being in first place. In a crisis society, the main priorities in raising a child are his early development and training to ensure success and prosperity in adult independent life. Attempts made to date to educate a spiritual and moral personality show that the most weak point in this activity is the family. Many parents do not know that in preschool age, social norms, moral requirements and behavior are learned through imitation. We teachers need to help parents realize that it is in the family that the moral and spiritual values revered by our ancestors must be preserved and passed on and that it is parents who are responsible for raising children.
Target: Formation moral qualities personality of the child, promoting the spiritual and moral development of preschoolers, providing assistance to parents in raising children based on Christian traditions.
Tasks:
- initial acquaintance with the Orthodox faith;
Formation of ideas about kindness, mercy, generosity, justice and patriotism;
Intellectual and spiritual enrichment of children;
Revival of Orthodox traditions and customs;
Preservation of moral family values.
Expected results:
Children will receive basic knowledge about Orthodox faith;
Children will become familiar with the necessary concepts for the development of spiritual and moral qualities of the individual;
Parents will consciously become involved and will base their children’s education on Orthodox traditions
The project is designed for 1 academic year.
Project implementation stages:
First stage – preparatory – survey of parents, discussion of goals and objectives. (September 2017)
The second stage is diagnostic (October 2017)
The third stage is organizational (November 2017)
The fourth stage is practical (December 2017 – April 2018)
Fifth stage - final - analytical (May 2018)
Project participants:
– Group teachers;
– Pupils;
– Parents;
– Musical director;
– Instructor physical culture.
Project Manager
Senior teacher.
Technologies used:
Design.
Methods used:
Visually effective (observation; showing fairy tales; looking at icons, book illustrations)
Verbal-figurative method (reading and acting out Russian fairy tales; making and guessing riddles; looking at visual material; conversations about everyday situations; stories about the history of religious holidays)
Practical method(organization productive activity teachers with children and parents with children).
Project Implementation Plan
| Estimated date of the event | Event location | Event name | Responsible for the implementation of the event |
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| Collection of Orthodox literature | Senior teachers preparatory group |
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| July August | Drawing up a plan for the work of a kindergarten on the spiritual and moral education of preschoolers for the school year | Methodist |
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| Parent meeting “Spiritual and moral education of preschoolers is relevant in our time” | Manager |
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| September | Decoration of the corner “Orthodox Culture of Russia” | Educators |
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| During a year | Conducting classes, entertainment, conversations, according to the topic | educators |
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| During a year | Development of holiday scenarios | |||
| September, May | Diagnostic examination of children | Educators |
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| During a year | Holidays: Intercession, Christmas, Palm Sunday, Red Hill, Trinity. | Musical director, teachers |
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| During a year | Making crafts for the holidays | Teachers, parents |
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| During a year | Competition “Dyed eggs”, “Russian kokoshnik”, “Greeting card”, “Christmas star of wishes”. | Parents |
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| During a year | Staging performances | Musical director, teachers. |
Diagnostic tools:
To assess the level of spiritual and moral development of preschool children will be used "Methodology for identifying the degree of its compliance with high cultural requirements" (observation method).
Criteria for assessing spiritual and moral development:
In establishing the evaluation criterion are the highest values of life, they also determine the content educational process, identify real attitude children to value phenomena and presence in individual life children of these values, i.e. accepting or ignoring them. Taking into account the development of the child, it is necessary to identify the tendency of the emerging value attitude. The identified trend will play the role of a criterion for assessing children.
Indicators of spiritual and moral development of preschool children:
1. Culture of communication (sociability) - the child’s ability to communicate with peers and adults, communication skills;
2.Culture of behavior (discipline) - the child’s ability to comply with generally accepted rules of behavior;
3.Culture appearance(neatness) - the child’s observance of hygiene skills, neatness of his appearance, keeping his workplace, notebooks, books, toys in order.
4. Responsiveness (kindness) - good attitude towards others, compassion;
5. Friendliness - the desire to communicate with peers, the presence of friends and positive relationships;
6.Independence - self-service, making independent decisions, taking actions on our own, without outside help;
7.Curiosity - a sustainable interest in knowledge;
8.Honesty - sincerity, the ability to always speak only the truth;
9. Empathy - empathy, comprehension of the emotional state of another person;
Levels of development: (high, medium, low).
- to identify violations in the sphere of interpersonal relationships "child - child" - Children's test anxiety R. Temml, M. Dorkey;
- for diagnosing the emotional and moral component – Methodology "Study emotional states people depicted in the pictures"
- for diagnosing self-esteem of older preschoolers - Methodology “What I am.”
Development criteria: (the child’s adequate assessment of his abilities, his adequate position among his peers).
- for diagnostics emotional and moral development – “Story Pictures” technique R.R. Kalinina.
Criteria for evaluation the child’s emotional reactions, as well as his explanations. The child must give a moral assessment of the actions depicted in the picture, which will reveal the children’s attitude to moral standards. Particular attention is paid to assessing the adequacy of the child’s emotional reactions to moral norms: a positive emotional reaction (smile, approval, etc.) to a moral act and a negative emotional reaction (condemnation, indignation, etc.) to an immoral one.
To diagnose the development of the moral sphere of preschool children - Methodology “What is good and what is bad” G.M. Friedman;
Criteria for evaluation: the formation of moral ideas among older preschoolers and younger schoolchildren.
Children have developed ideas of principled action; harm done to you by others; the good deed you witnessed; the just action of your friend; weak-willed act; manifestations of irresponsibility and more.
The degree of formation of concepts about moral qualities is assessed:
Low level - if the child has formed an incorrect idea about this moral concept;
Average level - if the idea of a moral concept is correct, but not clear and complete enough;
High level – if a complete and clear idea is formed.
Diagnostics of interpersonal relationships in a team – sociometric method “Choice in Action”;
The criteria for development are: communicative culture, establishing connections between behavior and actions.
Observation, survey.
Conditions ensuring the achievement of results.
Informational resources: Internet, audio, video recordings, books on spiritual and moral education;
Personnel: preschool teachers;
Technical: computer, TV, stereo, media projector;
Used Books.
- Lesgaft P.F./ Family education child and its significance / S.P.: Miberkom, 2010.
- Basics of Orthodoxy for children / New Thought Publishing House, 2013. edited by Deacon Georgy Maksimov, priest Mikhail Shpolyansky, Alexei Fomin.
- Kulomzina S. /God’s Law for the Little Ones/ M.: Pilgrim, 2012.
- Zorin K.V. /Why children suffer/ M.: Russian Chronograph, 2012.
- Vakulenko Yu.A. /Games, holidays, fun in preschool educational institutions/ Uchitel Publishing House
6. Spiritual foundations of moral education /Petrakova T.I./
The project is aimed at the moral education of older preschoolers through good deeds. The project is designed for one academic year, the project participants are children of senior preschool age, teachers, and parents.
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Project
on moral education
Older preschoolers
"Hurry to do good"
Relevance
At the present stage, society is absorbed in the problems of market relations, economic instability, and political difficulties that destroy social ties and moral foundations. This leads to intolerance and bitterness of people and destroys the inner world of the individual.
When solving the problems of education, it is necessary to rely on the rational and moral in a person, to determine the value foundations of one’s own life, and to gain a sense of responsibility for preserving the moral foundations of society.
Moral education is a purposeful process of introducing children to the moral values of humanity and a particular society. Over time, the child gradually masters the norms and rules of behavior and relationships accepted in human society. The result of moral education in preschool children is the emergence and establishment in the individual of a certain set of moral qualities, the formation of ethical standards of behavior. And the more firmly these qualities are formed, the fewer deviations from the moral principles accepted in society are observed in an individual, the higher the assessment of his morality by others.
In the preschool years, under the guidance of adults, the child acquires initial experience of behavior, relationships with loved ones, peers, things, nature, and learns the moral norms of society. A preschooler comprehends the world of human relations, discovers the laws by which human interaction is built, that is, norms of behavior. In an effort to become an adult, the child subordinates his actions social norms and rules of conduct.
The teacher’s task is to form a friendly and respectful attitude towards others, careful attitude to the results of people's labor, the desire to help adults. To cultivate activity and independence, responsiveness and empathy, kindness and joy for good deeds. Feelings encourage children to take active actions: help, show care, attention, calm, please.
The relevance of the topic is beyond doubt, since the formation of these extremely important qualities (kindness and responsiveness) lies at the basis of the moral education of a preschooler. The basis of a person’s morality are those qualities that determine his moral character, make him internally free and socially valuable in all spheres of public and personal life. The foundation of this process must be laid in childhood, in preschool age. That is why the development and implementation of a project for the moral education of older preschoolers “Hurry to do good” is relevant.
Objective of the project: moral education of older preschoolers through good deeds.
Project objectives:
1. To form ethical ideas about “kindness”, “friendship”, “mutual assistance”, “mutual assistance”, “justice”.
2. Continue to develop in children the idea of empathy and sympathy for other people. Foster a sense of mutual assistance.
3. To cultivate a humane, emotionally positive, caring attitude towards the natural world and the environment in general.
4. Increase the pedagogical competence of parents in the moral education of children.
Project type:
Focus: information-practice-oriented;
According to the composition of participants - group;
In terms of duration – long-term.
Project participants:
Children of senior preschool age;
Group teachers;
Social teacher,
Musical director;
Parents.
Project activity base:
MBDOU "DS No. 12 "Rosinka"
Project implementation timeline:one academic year.
Integration educational areas:
“Socio-communicative development”, “ Cognitive development», « Speech development", "Artistic and aesthetic development", "Physical development".
Forms of work on the project.
Work with children:
1.Reading and viewing fiction, encyclopedias.
2. Conducting didactic, verbal, role-playing games with children.
3. Dramatizations of fairy tales for children of the younger group.
4. Conducting GCD.
5. Participation in concerts and events.
6. Productive activity.
7. Work assignments in the group and at the kindergarten site.
Working with parents:
2. Involvement in participation in creative work performed jointly with children.
3. Conducting conversations, oral journals.
4. Conducting a quiz with children and parents “What is kindness.”
Expected results:
- children have ethical ideas about “kindness”, “friendship”, “mutual assistance”, “mutual assistance”, “justice”;
- Preschoolers have developed a desire to help, empathize, and support the people around them;
Children’s caring attitude towards the natural world and the environment in general;
Increasing the pedagogical competence of parents in the moral education of children.
The product of project activity is:
Creation of the “Book of Good Deeds”;
Holiday of Kindness.
Project implementation stages
Stage 1 – organizational- September
Tasks:
1.Explore emotional attitude of preschool children to moral standards.
2.Create a motivational basis for the active participation of children and parents in the project.
Events | Goals and objectives |
Joint activities of the teacher with children: |
|
Methodology “Story pictures”. Analysis of the results obtained. (Annex 1) | To study the emotional attitude of preschool children to moral standards. |
Working with parents: |
|
Questioning of parents “Education of feelings” (Appendix 2) | Identify the problems of parents in the moral education of children. |
Stage 2 – main- October – March
Tasks:
1. Implement a set of activities in working with children and parents aimed at the moral education of older preschoolers.
Work plan for the implementation of the project on moral education of older preschoolers “Hurry to do good”
Form of work | Program content | Deadlines implementation |
Didactic games: - “What is good, what is bad?”, - "Noble deeds" - “How I help at home” - “Flower of good deeds”, - “Let's compliment each other” - “Wishes”, - "Polite stream" - “Pyramid of Good Deeds” | Teach children to distinguish good behavior from bad; instill in children the desire to do things for the sake of other people; teach children to be attentive to each other, to cultivate a culture of behavior in children. | Throughout the project |
Care indoor plants, feeding wintering birds. | Upbringing ecological culture, caring attitude towards the surrounding nature, desire to protect and love plants and animals, care for them. Develop the ability to work together and help each other. | Throughout the project |
Consideration demonstration material: - “Lessons of kindness”, - “Me and my behavior”, - "Lessons in Politeness" - “Me and others”, - “Feelings, emotions.” | To form children’s ideas about good and bad deeds and their consequences; develop children's speech and ability to express judgment. | Weekly |
Conversations: - “Do a good deed with courage” - “A kind person will understand by looking at Hard time will be nearby" - “We are little children on a big planet!” - “What does it mean to be kind?” - “Man’s labor feeds” - “How and with what you can please your loved ones” - “Our kind words”, - “How can we take care of our elders” - “Our little friends” | Continue to develop in children the ability to conduct dialogue on moral and ethical topics. Encourage children to want to talk about moral values, analyzing the actions of the heroes and your own. | Weekly |
Learning proverbs and sayings about kindness and friendship. | To form ideas about the purpose of proverbs and sayings, to learn to comprehend the meaning of proverbs and sayings about kindness and friendship. | Throughout the project |
Reading works followed by discussion of the characters’ actions: V. Oseeva “The Magic Word”, - E. Permyak “The Worst Thing”, - V. Oseeva “Just an Old Lady”, - A. Barto “Vovka - kind soul", "We left", L.N. Tolstoy “The old man planted apple trees” O. Driz “Kind words”, L. Tolstoy “Two Comrades”, A. Barto “Friends, just in case, here are poems about a boy,” V. Krivosheev “Good afternoon”, V. Sukhomlinsky “Granddaughter and old grandfather”, A. Shibaev “Grandfather and Grandson”, N. Nosov “Cucumbers”, S. Marshak “The Tale of the Unknown Hero”, V. Kataev “Flower - seven flowers” R.n. fairy tale “As it comes around, so it responds”, “Khavroshechka”. | To form in children ideas about moral standards of relationships with others; teach children independently, convey attitudes towards the actions of the characters, and draw conclusions. | Throughout the project |
Labor activity in the group and on the kindergarten site | Improve labor skills in the process of work, teamwork skills, cultivate a sense of responsibility for the assigned work, a desire to help comrades, and show friendly feelings. | Throughout the project |
Labor activity on the site for children | Learn to act at the request of adults, understand the significance of your work for others, develop a responsible attitude to business, and cultivate a caring attitude towards children. | Weekly |
Participation in a concert dedicated to the “Day of the Elderly” in the temporary residence department for the elderly and disabled at the Harmony Community Center for Social Security. | To provide knowledge about the holiday, Day of the Elderly. Promote the formation of a caring attitude towards older people. | October |
NOD "Journey to the Land of Good" | Check with childrenethical ideas about “kindness”, “friendship”, “mutual assistance”, “mutual assistance”, “justice”. Pinknowledge of the rules of cultural behavior and good manners. | October |
Journey through fairy tales “Good deeds of fairy tale heroes and their consequences» | Clarifying children's ideas about good and evil deeds and their consequences; consolidate knowledge of fairy tales. | October |
Acting out and discussing situations on a moral topic | Form ideas about moral standards of relationships with others; to cultivate a culture of communication, responsive feelings to the care of others; strengthen cultural behavior skills. | Throughout the project |
Composition of the fairy tale “Little Red Riding Hood and the Good Wolf” | Learn to see the positive and negative qualities of heroes. | October |
Dramatization game “What is good and what is bad” | To form in children an idea of good and bad deeds, behavior, and the ability to correctly evaluate themselves and others. | October |
Theatricalization of the fairy tale “Zayushkina’s Hut” for children of the younger group | October |
|
Participation in the “Children for Children” campaign - performance in a concert for children living in the inpatient department of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Ugra “Center for Social Assistance to Family and Children “Our Home” | Foster the basics of tolerance and a friendly attitude towards peers. | november |
Participation in the “Feed the Birds” campaign - making feeders and posters | To foster a caring attitude towards wintering birds, to create a desire to take care of them. | november |
Making gifts for mothers and grandmothers. Performance in festive concert, dedicated to the Day mothers | Cultivate love and a caring attitude towards loved ones, a desire to take care of them. | November |
Making gifts for the disabled. Performance at a concert dedicated to the International Day of Persons with Disabilities in the temporary accommodation department for the elderly and disabled at the Harmony Community Center for Social Security | Reinforce the concept of “kindness”, “kind”, “merciful”.Develop the ability to feel the inner world of another person, create a culture of communication. | December |
“Day of Good Deeds” - construction of snow figures jointly by parents and children on the group’s site | Involve parents in joint work with their children. | December |
Participation in the “Christmas tree - green needle” campaign - making posters “Don’t cut the spruce!” and posting them on information stands village | Foster a caring attitude towards the environment and a desire to protect plants. | December |
Theatricalization of the fairy tale “Kolobok” for children of the younger group | Teach children to show attention and care for babies. | December |
Theme day "Thank you" | Teach children the rules of etiquette, forms and techniques of communication when meeting with friends and strangers, rules for using words of gratitude. | January |
Quiz with children and parents “If you are kind” | Consolidate knowledge of proverbs, fairy tales, poems about kindness. Develop mutual assistance and friendly relationships between children and adults. Unite children and adults in joint activities. | January |
Celebration of Kindness |
Cultivate a sense of kindness, sensitivity, compassion, goodwill; communication culture skills. | April |
Working with parents to implement a project on moral
education of older preschoolers “Hurry to do good”
Consultations:
- “Cultivating a caring attitude towards others”;
- “Education at work”;
- “Education with kindness”:
- “You” or “You”? ABOUT speech etiquette preschooler."
- “Politeness is cultivated by politeness.”
Tips for parents:
- “The ability to cultivate kindness in children.”
Memo “Cultivating kindness in a child.”
Folder-movable “Lessons of kindness”.
Stage 3 – final - April
Tasks:
1.Analysis of the results of working with children, processing of the data obtained, correlation with the set goal.
2. Introduce parents to the results of the work on the “We Hasten to Do Good” project.
3. Summarize the experience.
Events | Goals and objectives |
Collaborative activities between teachers and children |
|
1.Diagnostics. Analysis of results. | To identify the level of children’s knowledge about “kindness”, “friendship”, “mutual assistance”, “mutual assistance”, “justice”; ideas about empathy and sympathy for other people. |
Working with parents |
|
1.Project presentation | Show parents the results of the project Encourage active project participants. Invite parents to actively collaborate on the project next year. |
Literature
1. Alyabyeva E.A. Fostering a culture of behavior in children 5-7 years old: Toolkit. – M.: TC Sfera, 2009. – 128 p.
2. Alyabyeva E.A. Thematic days and weeks in kindergarten: Planning and notes. – M.: TC Sfera, 2010. – 160 p.
3. Lopatina A.A., Skrebtsova M.V. Education of moral qualities in children: Lesson notes. – M.: Publishing house “Knigolyub”, 2007. – 112 p.
4. Petrova V.I., Stulnik T.D. Ethical Conversations with children 4-7 years old: Moral education in kindergarten. A manual for teachers and methodologists. – M.: Mozaika-Sintez, 2008. – 80 p.
5. Semenaka S.I. Lessons of goodness: Correctional and developmental program for children 5-7 years old. – M.: ARKTI, 2002. – 80 p.
6. Sokolova O.A. World of communication. Etiquette for children of preschool and primary school age. – St. Petersburg: KARO, 2003. – 288 p.
7. Shipitsyna L.M., Zashchirinskaya O.V. The ABCs of Communication: Development of a child’s personality, communication skills with adults and peers. (For children from 3 to 6 years old.) – “CHILDHOOD-PRESS”, 2002. – 384 p.
8. Cherenkova E.F. Lessons on etiquette and politeness for children. – M.: LLC “ID RIPOL classic”, 2006. – 188 p.
Visual teaching aids
1.Feelings. Emotions: A set of visual aids for preschool institutions And primary school. – Kh.: Publishing house “Ranok”, 2007. – 20 separate sheets in a folder.
2. Lessons of kindness: A set of visual aids for preschool institutions and elementary schools. – Kh.: Publishing house “Ranok”, 2007. – 20 separate sheets in a folder.
3.Me and my behavior: A set of visual aids for preschool institutions and primary schools. – Kh.: Publishing house “Ranok”, 2008. – 20 separate sheets in a folder.
4. Me and others: A set of visual aids for preschool institutions and primary schools. – Kh.: Ranok Publishing House, 2008. – 16 separate sheets in a folder.
5. Politeness lessons: A set of visual aids for preschool institutions and primary schools. – Kh.: Publishing house “Ranok”, 2007. – 16 separate sheets in a folder.
Annex 1
Methodology “Story Pictures”
The “Story Pictures” technique is intended to study the emotional attitude to moral standards.
The child is presented with pictures depicting positive and negative actions of peers.
Instructions. Arrange the pictures so that on one side there are those with good deeds on them, and on the other - bad ones. Lay out and explain where you will put each picture and why.
The study is carried out individually. The protocol records the child’s emotional reactions, as well as his explanations. The child must give a moral assessment of the actions depicted in the picture, which will reveal the children’s attitude to moral standards. Particular attention is paid to assessing the adequacy of the child’s emotional reactions to moral norms: a positive emotional reaction (smile, approval, etc.) to a moral act and a negative emotional reaction (condemnation, indignation, etc.) to an immoral one.
Processing the results
0 points - the child arranges the pictures incorrectly (in one pile there are pictures depicting both positive and negative actions), emotional reactions are inadequate or absent.
1 point - the child arranges the pictures correctly, but cannot justify his actions; emotional reactions are inadequate.
2 points - by correctly arranging the pictures, the child justifies his actions; emotional reactions are adequate, but weakly expressed.
3 points - the child justifies his choice (perhaps names a moral standard); emotional reactions are adequate, bright, manifested in facial expressions, active gestures, etc.
Appendix 2
Questionnaire "Education of feelings"
Dear parents!
We invite you to answer several questions that will help us plan our work on the moral education of our children. Underline the answers to the survey questions.
1. Do you consider it necessary to educate a child such qualities as responsiveness, kindness, empathy?
Yes;
No;
Partially.
2. Have you managed to build a trusting relationship with your child?
Yes;
No;
Partially.
3. What worries you about your child’s relationships with others?_________
4. Are the relationships between adults and children in your family always trusting and friendly?
Yes;
No;
Partially.
5. Do you involve your child in the everyday affairs of the family?
Yes;
No.
6. Can your child express sympathy and empathy in words?
Yes;
No;
Don't know.
7. Do you often talk with your child on the topic of “Good deeds and deeds”?
Often;
Sometimes;
Never.
8. What good deeds do you do together with your child? _________________________________________________________________
Card index of didactic games
"What is good and what is bad".
Goals: Teach children to distinguish good behavior from bad; Pay attention to the fact that good behavior brings joy and health to both yourself and the people around you, and, conversely, bad behavior can lead to misfortune and illness.
Demo material:Excerpts from their works of fiction, life facts about the good and bad behavior of a person, children, or group.
Progress of the game: Children use facial expressions and gestures to express their attitude towards good and bad behavior (bad behavior - they make an angry face, shake their finger; good behavior - they smile, nod their heads approvingly). Answer the teacher's questions.
Sample questions.Today Seryozha ate snow again. Guys, is this good or bad? Children show with facial expressions and gestures that this is bad.
What could happen to Seryozha? The children answer.
"Noble Deeds"
Target: To instill in children the desire to do things for the sake of other people. To form an understanding that we call an action not only heroism, but also any good deed for the sake of another person.
Material: ball
Progress of the game: Children are asked to list noble deeds towards girls (women) and boys (men). The teacher throws the ball into the hands of one of the players, he names a noble deed and throws the ball to the next player at his request.
For example , noble deeds for boys: call a girl only by her name; when meeting a girl, say hello first; give up your seat in transport; never offend a girl; protect the girl; help the girl carry heavy things; when a girl gets out of the transport, you need to get out first and give her your hand; the boy must help the girl get dressed, give her a coat, etc.
Noble deeds for girls: call a boy by name only; when meeting a boy, say hello; praise the boy for showing attention; do not offend or call the boy names, especially in the presence of other children; thank the boy for his good deeds and deeds; etc.
"Bag of Bad Deeds"
Progress of the game: Children receive black paper blots, the teacher offers to put them in a bag, and tell them what bad things he did today, as well as put negative emotions in this bag: anger, resentment, sadness. And when the children go for a walk, this bag is thrown away.
"Flower of Good Deeds"
Material : a flower made of multi-colored cardboard, the petals are removable and inserted into the middle.
Progress of the game: You can play the game individually with a child, or with a group of children. Children are invited to collect the “Flower of Good Deeds”; for this, each child needs to take a petal and say some good deeds. Children list positive actions one by one, and the adult connects the petals to the middle. When the flower is collected, the children applaud each other.
“How do I help at home?”
Goals: To form ideas about the household responsibilities of women and men, girls and boys. Cultivate a desire to help people.
Material: flower made of multi-colored cardboard, removable petals, inserted into the middle
Progress of the game: Children take turns tearing petals from a flower, naming the duties they perform in the family (watering flowers, sweeping the floor, caring for animals, “raising” younger sisters and brothers, repairing toys, etc.). You can diversify the game. Let the children list the responsibilities that their mothers and then their fathers perform in the family.
"Let's compliment each other"
Goals:
Material: Any flower (it is better if it is not artificial, but live).
Progress of the game: The teacher brings " Magic Flower”, which will help the children express their feelings. Children are encouraged to pass the flower to any child and compliment them. If someone is ignored, the teacher pays a compliment to these children.
"Wishes"
Goals: Teach children to be attentive to each other, to be able to show sympathy for children of the same and opposite sex. To consolidate knowledge about the qualities of masculinity and femininity.
Material: heart toy (any toy)
Progress of the game: Children stand in a circle. Passing a toy to each other, they say their wishes: “I wish you...”
"Polite words"
Target: To instill in children a culture of behavior, politeness, respect for each other, and a desire to help each other.
Material: story pictures depicting different situations: a child pushed another, a child picked up a fallen thing, a child feels sorry for another child, etc.
Progress of the game: Children look at the story pictures and voice them out in polite words.
If the child finds it difficult, ask him leading questions based on the picture. For example, what Magic word do you need to say for a friend to give you a toy?
How do you thank someone for their help?
How should you address adults? (call by first name and patronymic)
What should you say when meeting a person?
What should you say to everyone when leaving home?
What should you say when you wake up in the morning, when you arrive in the morning? kindergarten? What words can you wish each other before going to bed?
What will you say if you accidentally push or hit someone? etc.
Children should know and use the following words in life: hello, goodbye, see you soon, be kind, be kind, please, thank you, excuse me, Good night, and etc.
"Treasury of good deeds"
Progress of the game: Children receive paper hearts, the teacher offers to put them in a “box of good deeds”, but at the same time the child must say what good he will do today or has already done.
- It’s very good that you do so many good deeds. It's always nice to see your good relations to each other.
Card index of situations to play out
1 situation:
The girl was wiping the building material with a damp cloth and accidentally spilled water from the basin. The girl is confused, and a boy comes up to her... What will he do?
Situation 2:
The children each drew on their own piece of paper, and suddenly the girl spilled paint on her friend’s drawing. What happened next?
Situation 3:
The girl came to kindergarten with beautiful new bows. The boy approached her, pulled her pigtail, and it unraveled. The boy laughed and ran away. What happened next?
Situation 4:
“What would mom say?” You spilled milk, stepped on someone’s foot, broke a vase, offended a friend, etc. What would mom say? (children act out the situation).
5 situation:
Olya gave a gift to her mother. The brother ran and some of the leaves fell to the floor. Olya was ready to cry, but her brother said the magic word. Which? Olya smiled and told her brother...
6 situation:
Grandmother sewed a dress for Katyusha’s doll, but it turned out to be too small. Katyusha was upset, and her grandmother asked to bring her a doll and sewed another dress. The granddaughter was happy. She…
7 situation:
Vanya was building a garage for his car. Misha asked: “And I will build with you.” How would you ask a friend about this?
Misha didn’t know how to build, and his construction project fell apart. He said: “I didn’t break the garage on purpose...” What word should Misha have said?
And they started playing together.
Municipal state preschool educational institution
kindergarten No. 1
PROJECT
"On the path of goodness"
teacher Poluektova N.M.
2016
Preview:
Explanatory note
In the modern system of preschool education, issues of spiritual and moral education are given serious attention. The implementation of work in this area is determined by the existing social situation and is confirmed by regulatory documents. Thus, the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” requires General requirements to the content of education in educational institutions, including preschools. In particular, the Law emphasizes that the content of education should ensure the formation of a person and citizen integrated into his contemporary society and aimed at improving this society; formation of a spiritual and moral personality (paragraph introduced by Federal Law of December 1, 2007 N 309-FZ) (Article 14, paragraph 2).
In accordance with the Model Regulations on Preschool educational institution(Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 12, 2008 N 666), one of the tasks of the preschool educational institution is to educate, taking into account the age categories of children, citizenship, respect for human rights and freedoms, love for the environment, the Motherland, family (section 1, paragraph 5 ).
In our opinion, this spiritual and moral direction should have become the most important part holistic educational process in MKDOU No. 1.
Based on this, the goal and objectives of work in the MKDOU on the spiritual and moral education of children were developed.
Activities, questionnaires, games, and entertainment on this topic were developed. In order to maintain the continuity and continuity of spiritual and moral education, in the family and kindergarten, MKDOU teachers regularly held joint events with parents:
Thematic meetings
Meetings with clergy;
Entertainment: "Trinity" (senior preschool age).
Parents actively took part in the exhibitions “The Nativity of Christ” and “Easter Annunciation”.
The results of the work carried out were the intensification of the process of spiritual and moral education of children in close cooperation between teachers and the families of pupils and public organizations. At this time, various events were held to introduce our students to the cultural and historical heritage of the country and to form the spiritual and moral qualities of the personality of older preschoolers. The spiritual and moral potential and professional competence of teachers in matters of Orthodox education of preschoolers have increased.
The level of knowledge related to the sphere of spiritual self-awareness has increased (understanding of moral models, spiritual meanings and meanings, manifestation of higher religious feelings). Parents' interest in spiritual life has increased. Parents began to become more actively involved in the activities of the kindergarten aimed at the spiritual and moral development of children. The number of church-going families has increased. Children try to be responsive, apply their knowledge about moral standards in life, and convey them to their parents.
Project type: by the number of participants - group.
By dominant species:introductory and indicative.
Integration based on a single project, which is the underlying problem.
Project formulation:
1. Problem - Patriotism in modern conditions - this is, on the one hand, devotion to one’s Fatherland, and on the other hand, the preservation of the cultural identity of each people, the synthesis of spiritual, moral, civil and ideological qualities of the individual. IN this moment Russian society is experiencing a spiritual and moral crisis. Our state has lost its official ideology, as a result of which society has lost moral and spiritual ideals. Every nation has its own history and traditions, but at the moment historical memory is being destroyed. This leads to the destruction of a person’s personality, therefore he is deprived of the opportunity to follow the example of people who lived in the past. Today, material values dominate over spiritual ones, so children have distorted ideas about goodness, mercy, generosity, and patriotism.
The foundation of spiritual and moral education is laid in the family and continues in a children's educational institution. These are the values of love, kindness, warmth of family, honesty and decency of friends, reliability, strength of a common home - the Motherland. All these values of life are common to all people. A person brought up in the traditions of religious culture will name, besides them and, above all, the values of faith, hope and love of God. It is modern accelerated children, with all their outwardly sometimes aggressive behavior in search of a foothold, as practice shows, that are internally drawn to those eternal values with which they were “fed” in early childhood. For young children, kindness always remains the most valuable quality of an adult. Who is the most a kind person? Mother. Religious culture expands circle of friends: a good man is a holy man: the great Russian saint, Rev. Father Seraphim of Sarov, consoled all people with kind words and called them “joys.” And the soul of a person, a child in particular, being, according to Tertullian, a Christian, intuitively senses kindness and is drawn to it as a living feeding source. But religious culture says that the absolute and perfect Source of Good (kindness) is the Lord. Therefore, the soul of man, created in the image of God (the great source of spiritual culture, the Bible, talks about this), reaches out to its Prototype. And if education in the most literal sense is understood as “to nourish, to nourish,” then the task of spiritual and moral education is to “to nourish and nourish” modern children with “living water flowing into eternal life” - to introduce them to the Christian values of love and kindness flowing from the eternal Source, develop on this basis feelings of mercy, compassion, modesty, responsibility, and teach good deeds.
2. Project goal:
Currently, both at the regional and federal levels, the tasks of spiritual and moral education are being updated, which are developed in setting the goal of spiritual and moral education in state regulatory documents (see: Concept of education and personal development of a citizen of Russia, Law of the Russian Federation “On Education "sets general requirements for the content of education in educational institutions, including preschool ones. In particular, the Law emphasizes that the content of education should ensure the formation of a person and citizen integrated into his contemporary society and aimed at improving this society; the formation of spiritual and moral individuals (paragraph introduced by Federal Law dated December 1, 2007 N 309-FZ) (Article 14, paragraph 2).
In accordance with the Model Regulations on a Preschool Educational Institution (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 12, 2008 N 666), one of the tasks of a preschool educational institution is to educate, taking into account the age categories of children, citizenship, respect for human rights and freedoms, love for the environment, the Motherland, family (section 1, clause 5).
Preschool age the most important stage in child development. During this period, the child joins the world of social values. Therefore, spiritual and moral education is an important need for Russia at the present time. In our opinion, this area should become the most important part of the holistic educational process in MKDOU No. 1.
Goals and objectives of spiritual and moral education in MKDOU:
The main goal of spiritual and moral education is to educate the child’s spiritual and moral personality, to facilitate his acquisition of moral, sought-after spiritual experience based on the traditions of Russian Orthodoxy through the means of communicative activities and active speech practice of children.
Tasks:
Cognitive:
1. Create conditions for the child to demonstrate a caring, merciful attitude towards others, to demonstrate the ability to empathize, compassion and adequately express these feelings.
2. Form impressions about the historical and cultural traditions of the people through theater, games, and fairy tales.
3. Introduce children to the circle of main Orthodox holidays, show their close and organic connection with folk life, to introduce the basics of the spirituality of the people and the traditional way of life, as well as the peculiarities of preparing and holding holidays, to awaken a sense of belonging to the traditions of our people.
4. To form children’s ideas about such concepts as shame, conscience, forgiveness, reconciliation, mercy, honesty, kindness, love.
5. Introduce children to the traditional cuisine of the Orthodox holiday (pancakes, Easter cakes, cottage cheese Easter, eggs, name day pies).
6. Give the concept of the temple as the house of God, the place of the special presence of God. Introduce the rules of behavior in the temple.
7. Expanding ideas about your hometown and attractions.
Educational:
1. Contribute to the cultivation of love for God, a sense of reverence for sacred things.
2. To cultivate love and respect for the Fatherland: its people, culture, history, shrines, folklore, traditions of the people.
3. Instill in the child a desire to help others, to be truthful, hardworking, and fair.
4. Foster respect for the moral standards of Christian morality. Learn to distinguish between good and evil, good and bad deeds, forgive insults, be responsive, attentive to peers and elders.
Main directions:
The cognitive direction of the work contributes to a deeper expansion of the spiritual and moral qualities of the child’s personality, promotes his acquisition of moral, sought-after spiritual experience based on the traditions of Russian Orthodoxy. It includes the following forms:
Direct educational activities;
Didactic games;
Conversations;
Excursions;
Entertainment;
The educational direction of the work aims to introduce children to the basics of the Orthodox culture of the Russian people through the formation of the lexical-grammatical structure and coherent speech of children.
The research direction of work is carried out within the framework of the following activities: design - research activities, excursions, viewing illustrations, conversations that contribute to the development of thinking, analyzing the results obtained, listening to musical works.
Project participants:
Pupils of the senior group.
Speech therapist at MKDOU No. 1, additional education teacher.
Parents.
Participation of preschool educational institutions specialists in the implementation of the project:
Teacher speech therapist
Questioning parents, conversations with children, excursions, games, participation in spiritual and moral events;
Frontal, subgroup classes;
Individual work.
The role of parents in the implementation of the project:
Conversations with your child on the basics of the spirituality of the people and the traditions of the way of life, as well as the peculiarities of preparing and holding holidays. Give the concept of the temple as the house of God, the place of the special presence of God. Introduce the rules of behavior in the temple.
Participation of parents in Orthodox holidays;
Participation in thematic exhibitions;
Organization of a photography exhibition.
Project structure:
Preparatory stage:
Study pedagogical literature in this area;
To study the attitude of parents to the alleged problem within the project;
Develop basic teaching materials and production of manuals;
Main stage:
Thematic conversations
Excursions
Integrated classes
Work efficiency.
The spiritual and moral potential and professional competence of teachers in matters of Orthodox education of preschoolers have increased.
The level of knowledge related to the sphere of spiritual self-awareness has increased (understanding of moral models, spiritual meanings and meanings, manifestation of higher religious feelings);
Parents' interest in spiritual life has increased.
Parents began to become more actively involved in the activities of the kindergarten aimed at the spiritual and moral development of children
The number of church-going families has increased
Children try to be responsive, apply their knowledge about moral standards in life, and convey them to their parents.
Application
- Questionnaire for parents
- Notes of frontal integrated classes
- Summary of summer entertainment "Trinity"
Annex 1
Questionnaire on the spiritual and moral education of preschool children for parents and teachers
1. Do you consider your family Orthodox? __________________________
2. At what age, in your opinion, should spiritual and moral education begin? ___________
3. Have you baptized your child in the Church? _________________________________
4. Do you visit an Orthodox Church? ______________________________
5. Is it a tradition for your family to celebrate Christian holidays: Christmas, Easter, Maslenitsa, etc.? (underline as necessary).
a) yes, this is our family tradition
b) before we did not pay attention to these holidays, however, in Lately this is becoming a tradition in our family
c) we don’t celebrate these holidays
d) another answer
6. What is your attitude towards your child visiting an Orthodox Church with teachers? _____________________________________________________
7. Do you know the history and traditions of your city? _____________________
8. What goals should be realized in MKDOU for spiritual and moral education (emphasize as necessary):
a) Acquaintance with national ritual holidays
b) Knowledge folk customs and will accept
c) Gaining practical spiritual experience
d) Formation of moral feelings
9. Do you read Russian folk tales, proverbs, and sayings to your child? _______________________________________________________________
10. Do you instill moral feelings in children? _________________
11. What will you do if your child does:
Bad thing? _______________________
A good deed? _______________________________________________
12. Does your child often watch TV? __________________________
13. Does your child play computer games? ______________________
14. Would you like work on spiritual and moral education in Orthodox traditions to be organized at the preschool educational institution? __________________
15. Your wishes and suggestions for organizing activities for spiritual and moral education________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your cooperation!
Appendix No. 2
Integrated lesson in the preparatory group
Topic: “The Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord - the shrine of Ostrogozhsk”
Educational objectives.
Give the concept of the temple as the house of God, the place of the special presence of God. Introduce the rules of behavior in the temple.
To promote the cultivation of love for God, a sense of reverence for the sacred.
Expanding ideas about your hometown and attractions. Activation and expansion of vocabulary on the topic.
Improving the grammatical structure of speech: coordination of all parts of the sentence;
Improving the skill of disseminating proposals among homogeneous members. Establishing cause and effect relationships in a sentence.
Developmental tasks:development of coherent speech, visual perception and attention, fine and gross motor skills, coordination of speech with movement.
Educational tasks:acquaintance with the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, a historical and architectural pearl and an iconic symbol of the Ostrogozhsky region, the formation of skills of cooperation, mutual understanding, goodwill, independence, responsibility. Fostering love for one's native land. To introduce the Christian values of love and kindness, flowing from the eternal Source, to develop on this basis feelings of mercy, compassion, modesty, responsibility, and to teach virtue.
Equipment: presentation “My Motherland Voronezh Region”, magnetic board, image of the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, tape recorder, recording of church bells, church objects.
Preliminary work:excursion to the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, excursion to the museum, viewing and studying Russian costumes, viewing Russian folk crafts.
Progress of the lesson.
1. Organizing time. Announcing the topic of the lesson. Creating an emotionally positive background (based on a poem by T. Sikachyova)
Educator: I say hello everywhere -
At home and on the street,
I even say “Hello”
I'm a neighbor... (street)
Hello, golden sun! (Show the sun)
Hello, blue sky! (Show the sky)
Hello, free breeze! (Show “breeze”)
Hello, little oak tree! (Show "oak tree")
Hello, Morning! (Gesture to the right)
Hello Day! (Gesture left)
We are not too lazy to say hello! (spread both arms to the sides)
2. Main part.
Educator: Guys, how many of you know what architectural structure is the symbol of the city of Ostrogozhsk?
Educator: Correct. This is the Temple of the Transfiguration of the Lord. The temple is the house of God.
Game "Which Temple".Educator: Make me one sentence so that you use at least three words - signs. That is, you need to tell me which temple? For example: The Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord is white, luxurious, Orthodox, pious. (Children's answers)
Game "Establish the reason."
Educator: I start the sentence, and you finish it.
The Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord is a landmark of our city, because......(my favorite place)
The Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord is a special place because....(divine services are performed in it.)
I love listening to chants in the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, because... (singing is serving God)
When I look at the icon of St. Nicholas the Pleasant in the Temple of the Transfiguration of the Lord, it seems to me that... (warm rays emanate from it).
Looking at the icon of St. Nicholas the Pleasant, I want... (to pray for the health of my family and friends, that St. Nicholas the Pleasant will help everyone, everyone who asks for help)
Why should each person find his own way to the Temple, in order to…. (live according to Divine commandments, with the Lord in your soul).
Game exercise “The most attentive parishioner.”
Educator: Guys, remember the excursion to our Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord. Now you will remember what you saw in the temple. I will show you pictures that will help you answer my questions. The most attentive of you will receive a prize.
How many parts is our temple divided into? (Into three parts in the form of a cross)
What is the name of the first part? (Porch)
What is the name of the second part? (Middle part)
What is the name of the third part? (Altar)
What is an altar? (means the Kingdom of Heaven. This is the throne on which the liturgy is read and the Bloodless Sacrifice is offered to God and prayers are offered to the Holy Sepulcher.)
What is an iconostasis? (The iconostasis is the boundary between the visible and invisible worlds. It is the appearance of saints and angels.)
Who performs worship in the temple? (Priests).
What does a candle burning in front of an icon mean? (this is a sign of our faith and hope for God’s gracious help)
How should you behave in church? (You must behave quietly and reverently. Noise, conversations, and even more so laughter when entering the temple and staying in it insult the holiness of the temple of God and the greatness of the God who dwells in it.)
How to enter the temple correctly? (Upon entering the temple, you should stop near the doors and make three bows with prayers).
3. Physical exercise. “Call the bell.”A recording of bell ringing sounds, the speech therapist throws a ball to the children, and they determine what kind of ringing it is. (blagovest, actually ringing, trezvon, two-ringing, chiming, busting).
4. Game “Travel to the Temple”(in the group room there are church items: a cross, an icon, a Bible and other items)
Children become a “locomotive”. The eyes of the first child are covered with a bandage.” The engine moves slowly, the leader feels the objects that he comes across and tries to guess what kind of object it is. Children help the leader with a hint or a leading question. The leader is changed during the game. The teacher monitors the safety of the leader’s movement.
5. Summary of the lesson. Color the temple.
Integrated lesson in the senior group.
Topic: “Orthodox holidays”
Educational objectives.
maintaining the spiritual and moral health of children;
introducing them to the moral and spiritual values of Orthodox culture;
study of Orthodox culture and folk traditions;
formation of a common spiritual culture;
making up stories from personal experience O Orthodox holiday; formation of grammatically correct speech.
Developmental tasks:
development of mental cognitive processes (perception, attention, memory, visual-figurative and logical thinking, speech); development of skills in analyzing temple architecture.
Educational tasks:
to introduce children to the traditional spiritual and moral values of Orthodox Russia;
to form civic consciousness, love for the Motherland and the Russian people;
protect and strengthen the mental, spiritual and physical health children;
lay the foundations of a spiritual and moral personality with an active life position, the ability for perfection and harmonious interaction with other people;
to cultivate patriotic feelings that connect different generations.
Integration of educational areas:“Cognition”, “Socialization”, “Communication”, “Speech development”.
Equipment: ball, illustrations of Orthodox holidays,
Preliminary work:excursion to the temple of Tikhon of Zadonsk.
Progress of the lesson.
1. Organizational moment.
Game "Let's stand in a circle."Children stand in a circle, the speech therapist holds the ball. The ball is passed around the circle to the children, and they name Orthodox holidays. (Nativity of the Virgin Mary, Entry into the Temple, Annunciation, Nativity of Christ, Presentation of the Lord, Baptism (Epiphany), Transfiguration, Entry of the Lord into Jerusalem, Ascension, Pentecost, Dormition of the Mother of God, Exaltation of the life-giving Cross of the Lord).
2. Main part. Conversation.
Educator: A holiday is a day of joy and celebration about something. For a long time in our country it was not customary to talk about these holidays, although they were celebrated in many homes. We are talking about religious holidays. Our country is large and multinational, and different religions coexist in its vastness. There are places where churches of different faiths coexist peacefully. And yet, the majority of the Russian population is Orthodox Christians, so we will focus on Orthodox holidays.
Game "Guess the description"The teacher describes an Orthodox holiday, and the children name it.
Every Christian holiday is associated with a biblical legend. Believers, participating in the holidays, seem to relive the great events of the life of Christ and his loved ones. The Russian Orthodox Church has many holidays, but among them the main ones stand out, called twelve (since there are twelve of them).
Game "Tree of Good".Children say and then write down on the “leaves” the good deeds they can do or have already done. The leaves are then hung on the tree.
3. Physical exercise. Game: "Hunting for hares."The teacher hides Easter gifts wooden eggs in a group room in different places. Children find and fill small baskets with them. The one who found the most eggs wins.
Educator: What verses about Orthodox holidays do you know?
1. Great holiday– Epiphany
I came to visit in the snow.
Brought us a blessing
Which means everything is fine!
Congratulations on your Epiphany
I hurry to the singing of birds.
I wish you happiness without rules,
And joy without limits!
2. On the birthday of Christ
Beauty has returned to the world.
January ice
The radiance is pouring.
January crust
It won't let you fall.
January snow
Best dressed of all:
Sparkling and colorful during the day
And so it shines under the moon.
And every January day
A little bit, but longer than before.
And so suitable for feasts
And meetings - any of the evenings.
Merry Christmas
3. The Lord ascended on this day,
And his flesh flew into the sky.
The sun's shadow covered the Earth
And it’s as if Jesus wasn’t there.
I wish you strong faith,
Let your love for God become stronger.
The doors to the temple will be open,
And life will become a little easier
4. Compiling a story from personal experience about the Orthodox holiday that the child remembers most.
A story from personal experience about the Nativity of Christ- one of the most important Christian holidays. The Virgin Mary, that was the name of the mother of Christ, and her husband Joseph went to the city of Bethlehem. The road was difficult and long. Joseph walked and led a donkey, on which Mary was sitting. They arrived in Bethlehem late in the evening. The couple wanted to spend the night in a hotel, but all the hotels and all the houses turned out to be overcrowded, because so many people had gathered in the city. And only one cave on the edge of the city, where shepherds drove their cattle in bad weather, gave them shelter. That night Mary gave birth to a Son - Jesus Christ. The Mother swaddled the Baby and laid him in a manger on straw. She had no other cradle for the child. On that wonderful night, a new bright star lit up in the heavens. She stopped over the cave and announced to the people about the birth of Christ. The shepherds were the first to see the Christmas Star. While they were tending sheep in a valley near a river, a bright, shining angel in snow-white robes appeared. The angel told the shepherds that Christ, the Savior of the World, was born in the cave that night.
A story from personal experience about the Baptism of Jesus Christ.This winter holiday. The Lord was baptized on this day, he revealed himself to the world as the son of the Lord and the Savior. I saw a priest sanctify water by immersing the holy cross three times. After this, the water is considered holy. All water becomes holy within three days. It doesn't spoil all year long. It should be stored behind the iconostasis. They wash children with it, drink it, and sprinkle it on their homes. Holy water is one of God's miracles! On this day people swim in our Labe River, where a wooden pier is installed. They lower themselves into the water three times with the sign of the cross.
A story from personal experience about the celebration of Easter:This is the most important day of the Orthodox church year. This day celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead. This holiday symbolizes the victory of good over evil, light over darkness. The Easter holiday is a holiday of glorification of Jesus Christ. When Jesus Christ lived on earth, he did a lot of good for people. The people loved Jesus Christ and were grateful to him for everything. But proud, envious people hated Christ and decided to destroy him. When Christ was praying at night in the garden, they appeared with guards and grabbed him. At the trial, people deceiving the people falsely accused Jesus Christ and turned the people against him. Christ was crucified on the cross. Everyone was scared and realized that they had made a big mistake - after all, they had betrayed the one who loved them. Jesus Christ was buried in a cave. But three days passed and He rose again. Christ was seen by his disciples, His mother, the Virgin Mary. It was a real miracle. And the joy of the people was immeasurable, because God, who was and will be a support for them in life, returned to them. Therefore, Easter is a holiday in honor of the resurrection of Jesus Christ, a holiday in honor of his resurrection to people on Easter, everyone gives each other colored or painted eggs. Special Easter food is brought to the temple to be blessed. On the day of the Resurrection of Christ, our family puts on the table special dishes that are prepared only once a year - Easter cake, Easter cottage cheese, Easter colored eggs.
4. Summary of the lesson. Draw how you imagine good and evil.
Appendix No. 3
Trinity holiday.
(summer fun)
Target : increasing the effectiveness of spiritual and moral education through introducing preschool children to the basics of Orthodox culture, focused on educating children in spirituality and morality through familiarization with Orthodox holidays.
Tasks:
To introduce children to the origins of Orthodox culture through participation in church holidays and restoration of the traditions of the Russian people.
To promote the formation of spiritual and moral values based on knowledge and disclosure of the meaning of Orthodox holidays.
Create conditions for creative activity.
Attributes:
“River” (blue canvas). Hats with horns.
Under the birch lie colorful ribbons, wreaths and silk scarves according to the number of girls.
Leading. At the beginning of June the feast of the Holy Trinity is celebrated. On Sunday the holiday itself is Trinity. On this day, the forest celebrates its birthday; you cannot cut wood or break trees. On this day, housewives decorate their houses with birch branches and flowers. Water on Trinity Day is also a birthday girl. You cannot wash clothes or wash floors.
This is also a holiday of the Russian birch - a symbol of Russia. People say: “The birch tree warms, heals, and makes the Russian person happy.” The stoves were heated with birch wood. People were treated with birch tar. And what is a bathhouse without a birch broom! Russian girls loved to dance around birches. For the holiday, the girls looked for a clearing with young birch trees for the Trinity festivities. At the end of the festivities, they wove beautiful ribbons into birch branches.
To the music “There was a birch tree in the field”girls in Russian sundresses enter and dance in a circle. At the end of the song, they decorate the birch tree with ribbons and read poetry.
1st child . Holy Trinity Day
Knock on the house -
Let's go outside the outskirts
Let's pick up some branches.
2nd child . Give me a slender birch,
From your braid
Green sprig
Holiday in Rus'!
3rd child. Let's decorate the house early
Light foliage
Is it really that holiday?
Was it once mine?
4th child . And the lamp is red
Before the sample?
And grandma-godmother
With a white scarf?
5th child. Holy Trinity Day
It will lead you to the house.
Everything dear will be remembered
Where and who lives.
Boys: Birch trees in the meadow
In the morning they wake up.
Smiling at the sun,
Slender ones stand.
They're all like girls
Early in the morning
Put on a festive one
White your outfit.
On you, little birch, the nightingales are singing,
Beneath you the birch tree is red - the girls are weaving wreaths.
Leading. On Trinity Day, people decorate churches and their homes.
birch branches.
Leading : Stand up, guys
Into our merry round dance.
In our miracle - a round dance,
Let everyone dance and sing.
A round dance is organized around the birch tree. Children dance around the “birch tree” (her role is played by a girl) and sing the song “Birch Tree” (music by E. Tilicheeva, lyrics by P. Voronko, translated from Ukrainian by G. Abramov).
The beauty of the birch tree
The dress is silver
The beauty of the birch tree
Green braids.
“Goats” (children wearing hats with horns) run out, jump around the “birch tree”, and pull leaves.
From the yard to the birch tree
The goats jumped out
They began to bend the birch tree,
And the birch tree is in tears.
The “birch” girl covers her face with her hands and pretends to cry. The children sing a song as they get closer and closer to the “birch tree”.
Protect the birch tree
We are running in a crowd
May the birch tree be beautiful
She grew up big.
“Goats”, putting their horns forward, step on the children in a round dance. They try to catch them. The caught “goat” is removed from the circle. The game continues until all the “goats” are caught.
After the round dance, the children tie bright ribbons to birch branches.
Leading : And what games used to be held under the birch tree? So now we will play with you.
The game "Golden Gate" is announced.
But the Golden Gate
they don't always miss.
"Golden Gate".
Game "Golden Gate".
Children: Look, Senechka!
Gnawing seeds everywhere.
All pockets to the brim
Next is a flock of sparrows!
Song "Seeds".
Leading: We play the game and start the burners.
Game "Shine Clear".
Leading : Oh, the burners are good,
Like a holiday for the soul.
Leading: Do you like to solve riddles?
Children . Yes.
Children sing "Ditties for Trinity".
I'll shout to the whole neighborhood:
Trinity has arrived!
Hey, you gossamer friend,
Come out and build!
Play more fun
My merry accordion
We came here to meet
A merry trinity.
Soon, soon Trinity
It will be covered with leaves.
The darling will come soon
The heart will calm down.
I'll wear a white dress
Beads in exactly three rows.
Mom will say and smile.
Here, my beauty.
Mom takes care of me
Doesn't let me work.
Fries perch fish,
So that the boys love.
I'll put on new shoes
Dyed heels.
How can I not dance with you?
Dear guys
We are singers and musicians
We like performing.
We are the people's talents
Our region is famous for us
We stop singing ditties
And we sit in the sieve.
We are leaving for the Voronezh region
More ditties.
Leading : We play the game, we start the burners.
Game "Shine Clear".
Leading : Oh, the burners are good,
Like a holiday for the soul.
General dance of all participants of the holiday
Leading . Today on folklore festival we told and showed how in ancient times Green Christmastide or Semik - Trinity was celebrated in Rus'. This is just a small drop in the Russian ocean folk art. This is ours national culture, which we will always love, cherish and pass on to future generations.