Kindergarten preparation at 2 years old. What should a child be taught before kindergarten? Useful tips for mom. Hardening in front of the garden

Parental leave is a happy time when a mother can fully devote her time to caring for her baby. But, unfortunately, this time is running out, the mother has to go to work and make sure that the child is properly prepared for kindergarten.

1. Pros and cons

A visit to the kindergarten in the first few weeks is always discomfort for the child. He is used to spending his time with his mother and loved ones, and there is a completely different environment, strangers, other children. In childhood, getting used to new conditions of stay, new people, new atmosphere is much more difficult than for adults. Prolonged stress can negatively affect the psycho-emotional state of the baby and even lead to health problems. Therefore, getting used to the new conditions should take place gradually. But at the same time, kindergarten plays an important role in the socialization of the child, because it is there that the child begins to understand what a team is, why friends are needed, and learns to be responsible for his actions.

2. Psychological preparation for kindergarten

In order for the process of adaptation of the baby to occur gradually and as painlessly as possible, parents should take care of preparing their child in advance.

3. Preparation of immunity and physical preparation for kindergarten

It is necessary to prepare the baby for kindergarten not only morally, but also physically. Accustom him to motor activity, for example: do exercises in the morning. Physical exercise affects the work of all organs and systems. Charging improves metabolism, trains the cardiovascular system, improves immunity, develops different muscle groups, strength and endurance, coordination of movements, agility, breathing.

At first, it is better to do exercises with the child, diversify it with various fun games, sports equipment. The main thing is that the child is interested, and he tried to do exercises every day. When the baby masters the movements, you can give him the opportunity to do exercises on his own.

Hardening is of great importance. Daily airing of the nursery, sleeping with an open window even in frosty weather (up to -15), dousing with cool water after a warm bath - all this will help strengthen the baby's immunity and avoid frequent colds that so often accompany children in kindergarten.

4. Important points

It is important to remember that both parents and children need time to get used to being in kindergarten. As a rule, it takes about 2-3 months.

To reduce stress when getting used to kindergarten, it is advisable to increase the time spent in it gradually, starting from 20-30 minutes and increasing this time to several hours a day.

The best age for entering kindergarten is 2.5-3 years. At this age, babies are already trying to talk, and some even speak perfectly, they are more independent than babies 1.5-2 years old. In addition, they begin to distinguish between children and adults, perceive authority, listen to the elders. Adaptation at this age is easier and easier.

Absolutely normal behavior in the first few days of being in kindergarten - tears in the eyes of the child. Of course, the baby is unusual, he is in a new environment, with new people. It is necessary to try to convey to the child that new friends, a variety of toys and a lot of interesting and informative things are waiting for him in the group.

Almost all children sooner or later grow up and start attending kindergarten. It depends on the parents how fast, easy and painless the adaptation process will be.

So you've decided to send your child to Kindergarten. Your family is now on the threshold of another life. We will assume that you have already found a suitable Kindergarten and agreed to take the baby. Now the next important step is the adaptation of your baby. In order for the child’s adaptation to be less painful, it is very important in advance - 3-4 months in advance - to engage in self-preparation of the child for kindergarten.

Tell the child what is Kindergarten, why do children go there, why do you want the baby to go to Kindergarten. For example: " Kindergarten- this is such a big house with a beautiful garden where moms and dads bring their children. You will really like it there: there are many other kids who do everything together - eat, play, walk. Instead of me, your aunt-teacher will be there with you, who will take care of you, as well as other kids. AT kindergarten there are a lot of toys, there is a wonderful playground, you can play different games with other children, etc." Another option: "In kindergarten Children play with each other and eat together. I really want to go to work because it's interesting for me. And I really want you to go to kindergarten- because you'll like it there. In the morning I will take you to the kindergarten, and in the evening I will pick you up. Can you tell me what was interesting about you? kindergarten, and I'll tell you what happened to me during the day at work. Many parents would like to send this Kindergarten their children, but not all of them are taken there. You're lucky - in the fall I'll start taking you there."
When you walk by kindergarten, happily remind your child how lucky he is - in the fall he will be able to go here. Tell relatives and friends in the presence of the baby about your luck, say that you are proud of your child, because he was accepted into Kindergarten. And after a while, your child will himself proudly tell others that he will soon go to Kindergarten.
Tell your child in detail about the regimen kindergarten: what, how and in what sequence he will do there. The more detailed your story is, the calmer and more confident your baby will feel when he goes to Kindergarten. Ask your baby if he remembers what he will do in the garden after a walk, where he will put his things, who will help him undress, and what he will do after dinner. By asking these questions, you can check whether the child remembers the sequence of actions well. AT kindergarten Babies are usually afraid of the unknown. When a child sees that the expected event is happening as it was "promised" in advance, he feels more confident.
Talk to your child about the difficulties they may have in kindergarten. Discuss who in this case he can turn to for help, and how he will do it. For example: "If you are thirsty, go to the teacher and say:" I'm thirsty, "and the teacher will pour you water. If you want to go to the toilet, tell the teacher about it." Do not create illusions in your child that everything will be done at his first request and the way he wants. Explain that there will be many children in the group and sometimes he will have to wait his turn. You can tell your baby, "The teacher can't help all the kids get dressed at once, so you'll have to wait a bit."
Teach your child to get to know other children, address them by name, ask instead of taking away toys, and in turn offer toys to other children.
Let the baby himself choose his favorite toy as a companion, with which he can walk in Kindergarten- because together is much more fun!
There are different opinions about whether the mother should be next to the baby in the initial period of adaptation to kindergarten. It would seem that what's wrong with a mother attending a kindergarten with a child? Everyone is happy, the baby does not cry, mom is calm. But in doing so, the inevitable parting only drags on. Yes, and other children, looking at someone else's mother, cannot understand - but where is mine in this case? Therefore, it will be better for everyone if from the very first day the child tries to stay in the group alone, without the care of the mother. And experienced caregivers will take care of the baby into their own hands.
Develop a simple system of parting signs of attention with your child - it will be easier for him to let you go. For example, kiss him on one cheek, on the other, wave your hand, after which he calmly goes to the kindergarten.
Remember that the baby's habituation to kindergarten it may take up to six months, so carefully consider your strengths, capabilities and plans. It is better if for this period the family will have the opportunity to "adjust" to the characteristics of the baby's adaptation.
The child feels great when parents doubt the appropriateness of kindergarten education. The cunning kid will be able to use any of your hesitation in order to stay at home and prevent separation from his parents. Children get used to it easier and faster, for whose parents Kindergarten is the only alternative.
The child will get used to kindergarten the faster, the more children and adults he can build relationships with. Help him with this. Get to know other parents and their children. Call other children in the presence of your baby by name. Ask him at home about new friends. Encourage your child to seek help and support from other people. The better your relationship with caregivers, with other parents and their children, the easier it will be for your child.
There are no perfect people. Be forgiving and tolerant of others. Nevertheless, it is necessary to clarify the situation that worries you. Do it in a soft way or through specialists.
In the presence of the child, avoid critical remarks about kindergarten and his employees. Attention - never scare a child kindergarten!
During the adjustment period, emotionally support the baby. Hug him more often, kiss him.

It is natural for parents to get excited when they are preparing to send their child to kindergarten. Does he adapt quickly? Will she cry when parting with mom or dad? Will the child like the teacher and will he be able to make friends with other kids? These and other questions give rise to many worries and doubts. Of course, in the matter of adaptation to kindergarten, everything is individual, and it is impossible to give an exact answer on how your child will accept such changes in life. But it is in the power of each parent to help the baby get used to new conditions and a new regimen more easily. That is why the correct preparation of the child for kindergarten becomes an important task for mom and dad.

When and why to start preparing for kindergarten

It is difficult to name the ideal age to start attending kindergarten. Much depends on the individual characteristics of the development of the child, and on the capabilities of a particular family, and on the availability of places in public preschool educational institutions. But regardless of whether your baby will go to kindergarten for the first time at 1.5 or 4 years old, you need to prepare for this event in advance. Start preparing weeks in advance, preferably months. For example, if a child is supposed to go to kindergarten in September, you can start discussing this topic with him in the spring.

Is it worth wasting time and is it really necessary to set up the baby in advance for changes, to teach him new skills? No special skills are required from a child to enter kindergarten. Kids quickly learn new things, and educators will always come to the rescue. But still, the child will be more comfortable if he knows at least in general terms what a kindergarten is and how he will spend time there. And the skills of social interaction and self-service will help to avoid many unpleasant situations. It is important that the child is positively inclined to attend kindergarten, does not hesitate to seek help from the teacher and is ready to communicate with peers.

We create a positive image of the kindergarten. At the first stage of preparation, simply and easily tell the baby what kindergarten is. Try to keep the conversation neutral, without building up rejection or high expectations. You can start with the fact that kindergarten is a place where many children spend time together. Tell us that the kids play, eat, walk there, everyone has their own locker and a separate bed. Do not forget to mention the teachers who take care of the kids. You can play at home in kindergarten with your favorite toys - so it will be easier for the baby to understand how everything works there. Let him try himself as a teacher: feed the "kids", play with them, put them to bed. A week or a few days before the first visit, walk along the route from the house to the kindergarten, look at its territory, by agreement with the teacher, you can walk around the courtyard with the group.

We come up with a ritual of farewell. Toddlers who are accustomed to constantly being close to their parents, it can be difficult at first to be without a mom or dad. Such children find it hard to be separated even for a few hours. Farewell ritual often helps to facilitate parting. It’s easy to come up with it: hug and kiss the child, wave your hand to him. You can add something special, such as an air kiss or a gentle stroke on the handle. Work out the ritual in advance: try to leave the baby with a grandmother or other close relative at least for a while.

We develop self-care skills. Preparing a child for kindergarten should also include the development of independence in the simplest everyday matters. If the child asks for a potty, copes with putting on sandals and washing his hands, then he will feel more confident in the group compared to peers who constantly need the help of a teacher. Start potty training your child if he still doesn’t know how to ask to go to the toilet, and don’t scold him for “mistakes” - at first you can’t do without them. At the table, give your child a spoon and fork and show them how to use them properly. This skill is very useful, because in kindergarten teachers do not always have time to feed poorly eating kids, especially since breakfast, lunch and afternoon tea are limited. Teach your child to get ready for a walk on their own. Explain how to properly put on a T-shirt, tights, blouse, shoes. Take your time to help: let the baby practice coping on his own, even if at first it will take a long time.

We adjust the daily routine. Start preparing your child for the fact that in kindergarten you need to follow a common routine for everyone. Find out in advance what the schedule will be and try to adjust to it so that the baby has time to get used to the new schedule in the comfort of home. This helps to avoid stress in the future, because, for example, if a child has never slept during the day, it will be very difficult to put him to bed in the kindergarten. Almost all public kindergartens have the same schedule. At 7:45-8:00 morning exercises begin, after which the children have breakfast. From 9:00 to 10:00 they do painting, modeling, music or other cognitive activities, then go for a half-hour walk. Kids have lunch at 12:00-12:30, and usually sleep from 13:00 to 15:00. After waking up, children receive a packed afternoon snack. From 17:00 to 19:00, the kids play in a group, and if the weather is good, they walk a second time. Focusing on this mode, you can build a daily routine for a preschooler. It is especially important that the child gets used to eating at the same time. It is important to accustom the baby to a quiet hour after dinner. If it is difficult for him to fall asleep, offer to at least lie quietly in bed, in kindergarten such a compromise option is also allowed (the main thing is that the baby does not interfere with other children's rest).

We teach the child to communicate with other children. In the process of adaptation, it is very important that the child has friendly relations with peers. The kid needs to be able to behave in such a way as to be accepted into the game. He should feel like a full member of the team. Think ahead about how to prepare your child for social interaction. It will be much easier for a kid to adapt if he does not hesitate to get acquainted with other children, knows how to ask for a toy he likes, and can follow the rules common to all. Of course, these skills are not formed overnight. To acquire them, the baby needs to constantly interact with peers. Here, early development groups, playgrounds, and play areas in shopping centers will come to the rescue. You can take your child to visit friends who also have children. Support the baby's initiative in communication and teach him how to get to know each other, invite others to the game, agree on rules, change toys. All these skills will be very useful in kindergarten and will help to avoid conflict situations.

We select a wardrobefor the garden. When a child is still very small, parents often do not think about whether he himself can cope with numerous fasteners, buttons, ties, tight zippers. But it must be borne in mind that in kindergarten he will have to get ready for a walk, undress before going to bed and dress after waking up, he will have to do it himself with minimal help from a teacher, because there are a lot of children in the group. At the preparation stage, think over all the little things: buy several sets of clothes for the kindergarten. Let it be comfortable and practical things that are easy to take off and put on. Shoes should also simply zip up and, of course, be the right size so that the baby is comfortable walking in them all day. It is convenient to leave a spare set of clothes in the locker, it may be needed if the child accidentally gets dirty and needs to change.

We strengthen immunity. In kindergarten, the child's body is faced with many new viruses, which is why babies often get sick at first. There are a lot of varieties of respiratory infections, and pathogens are easily transmitted in a team. The good news is that every disease contributes to the natural formation of immunity. But in some children, a viral infection is mild, while in others it causes complications: bronchitis, otitis media, pneumonia, etc. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the organism. If the child initially has a strong immune system, the chances of becoming seriously ill and permanently decrease. That is why it is worth doing hardening and general recovery in advance. Dress your baby according to the weather, maintain a comfortable temperature in the apartment (20-22 ° C) and do not forbid him to walk barefoot at home. Do not wrap him up, undress him immediately if he complains that he is hot. Do not be afraid of drafts. Try to walk every day and spend as much time as possible with the child on the street. Teach him to wash with cool water. If possible, sign the baby in the pool.

The first day in the garden: what to do for parents

We bring the child to kindergarten. So, you are leaving the baby in the group for the first time. Try to keep calm yourself: your excitement will be easily transferred to the child. Do not rush him - wait until the baby takes off his clothes (help him if necessary), show him his personal locker, put things away with him. Go to the group, introduce him to the teachers. Do not leave immediately, wait until the baby gets used to it a little. In some kindergartens, on the first day, parents can spend several hours in a group with their child. But if the teacher asks you to leave, treat with understanding - it is easier for some kids to get used to the team when their mother is not around.

Correctly say goodbye. When you're ready to leave, be sure to say goodbye to your baby. Do not disappear suddenly - this can greatly frighten the child, and in the future he will have a hard time going through parting. Remember your farewell ritual. Hug and kiss the baby, be sure to tell when you return for him. After that, leave confidently. Even if the child burst into tears, you should not linger too long. On the first day, caregivers will make every effort to calm the baby. He has so many things ahead of him: wash his hands, work with teachers, get ready for a walk - often there is simply no time left for tears. Many children stop crying within 10-15 minutes after the departure of mom or dad, although exceptions are possible - it all depends on the individual characteristics of a particular child.

We pick up the baby from kindergarten. Be true to your word - pick up the child exactly at the time you promised to come for him. On the first day, it is especially important not to be late. Meet the baby with a smile, be sure to ask him what he did. Spend the rest of the day with your child: you can cook food together, have dinner with the whole family, play, read at night. Let the evening pass in the usual mode for the baby, and parents give him maximum attention. The child must make sure that with the start of attending kindergarten, family relations have not changed - everyone loves him just the same.

How can adaptation take place?

In kindergarten. The first days and weeks in the kindergarten, the baby gets used to the new environment, teachers, other kids, daily routine. The adaptation process can take place in very different ways. Some children immediately cry when parting, but every day they say goodbye easier and easier, calm down faster. Others from the first day happily run into the group, but after a week they suddenly start clinging to their mother and crying. This is delayed adaptation. Some kids are looking for contact with a caregiver who replaces them with a close adult, others like to play with peers more. It also happens that the child withdraws into himself, does not make contact, or is depressed all day. This is possible with complex adaptation, which we will discuss below.

Houses. When a child is just starting to go to kindergarten, many parents notice changes in his behavior. An obedient baby can suddenly become uncontrollable and capricious, start fighting, crying over every little thing. The point here is not the bad influence of peers, but all in the same adaptation. In the garden, the baby is forced to follow the general rules, and in a comfortable home environment, he relaxes, gives vent to the negative emotions accumulated during the day. Hence the attacks of anger, and causeless, according to parents, tantrums. Some babies also have a slight rollback in development. The task of mom and dad is to be understanding, to scold the child for bad behavior as little as possible, to reduce the number of prohibitions. Usually, after 1-2 months, the emotional state of the baby returns to normal. However, the timing of adaptation is individual: someone gets used to the kindergarten in a couple of weeks, others will need six months or even more.

How to help your child adjust to kindergarten

Talk to caregivers. Warn them in advance about all the features of your child. For example, immediately say that he hates semolina and you don’t need to force him to eat this dish. Let caregivers know that your baby is noisy or, conversely, very modest or shy. Tell him what he loves the most: singing and dancing, listening to fairy tales, helping adults or playing outdoor games. Be sure to inform the teacher and the nurse, who is in every kindergarten, about the child's allergies or chronic diseases. If the baby is still hesitant about asking for a potty or he must be taken to the toilet before and after sleep, also say so. Information from parents will help educators find the right approach to the child and avoid many problems during the period of getting used to the new environment.

Increase your stay gradually. From the very first day, leaving the child until the evening in the group is undesirable, this can complicate adaptation. At first, a few hours are enough: start with one and a half to two and gradually increase the time spent. Alternatively, in the early days, you can bring the child only for a walk, then leave him in the group until lunch. When the baby gets a little comfortable, start coming to the kindergarten early - for breakfast or immediately after it. At first, take the baby before daytime sleep. After a few weeks, if the adaptation is successful, you can leave the child for a quiet hour. Just be sure to warn the baby in advance that you will come for him later than usual. After a few months, most children usually stay quietly in the group for the whole day. How you extend your stay will depend on both family circumstances and the individual child. If he gets used to it with difficulty and you have the opportunity to pick him up early, use it.

Monitor your child's mood and well-being. From the first day, pay attention to the physical and emotional state of the child when you pick him up from kindergarten. Ask the teachers how the baby behaved today, whether everything was in order. Talk to the child himself, ask what activities he liked, what was served for lunch, if he made friends with any of the children. You can learn a lot of useful things just by talking with the kid and listening carefully to his stories: what he likes and dislikes in kindergarten, whether teachers behave correctly towards children, and much more.

Attend kindergarten without breaks. During the adjustment period, it is important that the new schedule becomes familiar to the child, so try not to skip kindergarten without a special reason. Of course, in case of illness, if the baby feels unwell, and not just naughty, you need to stay at home. Sometimes parents arrange a day off for a child in the middle of the week. For some children, this is an acceptable option, but in many cases it does not allow you to adjust to a new schedule. It is optimal to go all 5 days a week, but pick up the child as early as possible.

Limit stress on the nervous system. It is not easy for an adult to spend the whole day in a group among noisy children, what can we say about a baby during the adaptation period. To compensate for the load on the nervous system, create a calm environment at home, strictly observe the regimen. While the child is getting used to kindergarten, it is advisable to limit watching cartoons, avoid excessive activity in the evening, refrain from attending crowded events on weekdays (going to the circus or zoo will wait until the weekend). Try to spend more time reading books and quiet games.

Spend more time with your child on weekends. The whole working week, the baby is in the garden for a long time, so Saturday and Sunday should be family days. During the adaptation period, spend the weekend with the child, and do not send him to the grandparents. Make plans together in advance and figure out what you will do during these two days. You can go to the park and ride the rides, go to nature, visit a cafe. The main thing is to have a loving mom and dad nearby. Do all the household chores together, try to kiss and hug your baby more often: physical contact helps to relieve the accumulated tension.

Attend matinees and other events. Come to kindergarten for the holidays to see how your child performs with other children. Let your child know that you are proud of him. Attending activities in kindergarten allows the child to feel that parents are really interested in how things are going for him outside the home. This is very important both during adaptation and in the future.

Maintain contact with caregivers. Try to be as tactful, polite and friendly with teachers as possible. The child will be guided by you and learn the same model of behavior. Do not criticize caregivers in front of your child. Always warn educators about the upcoming day's absence due to family reasons or due to illness. Say in advance when you plan to pick up your baby earlier or later than usual. If your child has problems with adaptation or conflicts in the group, do not hesitate to ask the teacher for help and ask him to pay a little more attention to your baby.

Difficult adaptation: how to help a child

Not all children easily and quickly get used to kindergarten. Parents whose kids do not want to go to kindergarten every morning and cry when they part, often do not know which behavior strategy to choose. A few tips can help in case of difficult adaptation. If these simple methods do not work, the optimal solution is to consult a psychologist.

If a child is very attached to his mother and is having a hard time parting with her, let his father, grandmother or other relative take him to kindergarten.
If the baby is very worried when his parents are not around, give him a small thing with you to the group that will remind you of you. It could be a handkerchief scented with mom's perfume, a small photograph, or something else.
If the baby is very homesick, let him take a few toys to the group, but not the most beloved and important ones, because in the kindergarten they can be forgotten or lost, and this is another reason for frustration. Familiar things will help create a more comfortable environment for the child in the group.
If your child has difficulty falling asleep during nap time, give him a soft toy that he is used to sleeping with at home. Agree with the teacher: let him allow the baby to just lie quietly in the crib if he can’t fall asleep in any way.
If the child is naughty in the morning and does not want to go to kindergarten, try to motivate him. Maybe his favorite car or doll is waiting for him in the locker, beautiful sandals or Czech shoes for physical education are missing? Promise your baby something fun when you pick him up, like a long walk. But in this case, it is important not to disappoint the child and fulfill the promise.
If the baby cannot adapt in any way in the team, play at home in kindergarten. Let the child use toys to reproduce the usual situations: a walk, lunch, going to bed. The game helps parents learn more about what is happening in the garden, and the kid himself will let go of negative emotions.
If several weeks have already passed, and the child cries inconsolably when parting and meeting in the evening, depressed during the day, it is worth considering softening the regimen. You can come to kindergarten later or pick up the baby from there early.

No matter how the adaptation takes place, do not forget to praise the child for all successes. Was it the first time he didn't cry at parting? Be sure to say that you are very proud of him. Constantly emphasize that the baby went to kindergarten and became an adult and independent, praise him in front of friends and relatives.

How to understand that the adaptation was successful

Normalization of the emotional state of the child is the main sign that the adaptation was successful. Do not expect that the baby will definitely fall in love with the kindergarten and will be happy to go there every morning. The absence of tears at parting and strong sadness during the day is enough. It is important that the child accepts the need to attend kindergarten. As he grows older, the baby will become more and more independent, he will have friends in the group. And one day he will gladly run away to play with them, instead of clinging to mom or dad in the locker room.

Just recently, you rejoiced at the first steps and words of your little one, and it's time to get to know other children and go to preschool. Any mother is worried about how the baby will get used to the new regime and the team, how it will be a long time away from her. Is it necessary to prepare a child for visiting the garden and how to do it right?

Benefits of attending kindergarten

A child in kindergarten will encounter other people. Their desires, behavior and ways of communication will differ from the usual crumbs at home. You won't get a similar experience outside the garden.

In the kindergarten, the child learns to interact with other children and adults, communicating with them in a different way than he is used to in the family. As a result, the child learns to make his own decisions, defend his opinion, learn how to defend himself or find a compromise. If you exclude the kindergarten stage, the child will have to learn this later in school, which is usually more difficult.

Other advantages of visiting such a children's institution as a kindergarten include the following points:

Staying among peers has a positive effect on the development of the child, as well as on the formation of his personality.
The child becomes more independent and learns to take care of himself.
A consistent sleep, meal, and wake schedule is important for good health and well-being in babies.
Various classes are held in the kindergarten, including physical education, as well as preparation for school in older groups.
The child becomes more attentive to the world around him.

About what to look for when choosing a kindergarten, see the next program.

Minuses

The child is away from the mother for a long time. This is especially difficult for babies under 3 years old, who are in great need of a mother. Separation can have a bad effect on the psychological state of the crumbs. The child will be sad and cry, and even refuse to go to kindergarten. The adaptation period will help to eliminate this problem, during which the child will not walk for the whole day.
The child begins to get sick often. The cause of frequent diseases can be infection from other children, and psychological discomfort.
The child develops bad habits that he adopts from other children. Toddlers often “bring” bad words from the garden, because at preschool age they absorb everything like sponges.
Kindergarten meals are not comparable to home-cooked meals. Many parents complain about the menu itself and the quality of the products.

Need for preparation

Many parents believe that the child, who will soon attend kindergarten, needs to be properly prepared for such changes in life. And they think absolutely right, because by paying attention to the preparation and the first weeks in kindergarten, the result will be a faster adaptation of the baby and a visit to preschool in a good mood.

Even sociable, completely independent and lively children should be prepared for visiting a kindergarten. It is not known how the changes will affect the state of the child's psyche, so it is better to worry about preparation in advance than to work on eliminating psychological trauma in the future.

The role of parents in shaping the child's attitude to kindergarten

It is very important that parents have a positive attitude, then this attitude will be passed on to the baby. There is no need to worry too much about how the child will be in the garden, otherwise the baby will feel your anxiety and insecurity, and will manipulate these feelings. Remember that it is easiest for children to get used to the garden, whose parents are firmly convinced of the need to visit the garden, or they have no other choice but to give the crumbs to the kindergarten.

Parents should tell their child about the kindergarten long before the first visit to the preschool. Let the child learn about other children, the regime in kindergarten, interesting activities. It is important not to rush, but to introduce the baby to the garden gradually. Go for a walk near the garden and show your child the building and the children walking. Be sure to go to the garden in advance to find out more about the daily routine and other features of visiting the garden.

You can not put pressure on the child and threaten him, telling that there are strict teachers in the garden who will teach him the rules and obedience. Focus on new acquaintances and new toys.

If your child has older brothers or friends who attend kindergarten, give them examples. Tell relatives and friends in front of the child how proud you are that the baby went to kindergarten. Tell the baby that you are very glad that he has grown so much and has become independent that he is starting to go to the garden.

How to prepare a child for kindergarten?

In order for the adaptation process to take place easily, and the child to go to kindergarten without problems, it is necessary not only to teach him to do what he may not have been able to do before, but also to prepare him psychologically for this.

Psychological preparation

First of all, the mother does not need to be nervous and show this to the child. Talk positively about the kindergarten, but at the same time try not to embellish too much so that the child does not have overly optimistic expectations.
Focus on building pride in your child that he will go to kindergarten. Tell them that getting into the kindergarten is not so easy (which is really the case now because of the long lines) and many children are deprived of such an opportunity.
To make the baby less afraid of the "disappearance" of the mother, often play hide and seek with the baby and periodically leave the child with other relatives, for example, while the mother goes shopping.

Mode

Try to change your child's daily routine 2-3 months before he starts going to preschool. Adjust the schedule so that it is easy for the child to wake up by the time you are going to the garden in the future.
If the child has already stopped sleeping during the day, teach him to rest after dinner just by lying in bed. Tell him what quiet games are available to him during such a holiday, for example, writing stories, playing with words, playing with fingers, or carefully examining objects around and remembering their details.
Offer food to your child at the same time every day. It is desirable that it coincides with the time of breakfasts, lunches and afternoon snacks in kindergarten. Try to avoid snacking at the wrong time, and homemade meals can be made similar to those that the baby will receive in the kindergarten. This will reduce the likelihood of whims associated with nutrition in preschool.
Also pay attention to your child going to the toilet after breakfast. It is optimal that it is at this time that the child goes "by and large". Give your baby time to relax on the toilet. If your child has problems with bowel movements, take the time to resolve them before starting the daycare.

New team

If the baby is shy and shy, it will be more difficult for him to get used to the children's team than for sociable little ones. Try to expand your child's social circle even before visiting the garden. Go to visit, meet the children on the playground, sign up for developmental classes.

Discipline

Play with your child in kindergarten, let the toys be the children, and you be the educators. Such a game will not only help the child better understand what kind of regimen he will have in kindergarten, but, repeating it in the future, the mother will find out how the baby relates to a new place and what is happening within the garden walls.

Education

Teach your child to undress, to eat with a spoon, and to ask for help if something doesn't work out. Pay attention to weaning the baby from diapers if the child is still wearing a diaper.
Read more to your child, teaching him to listen to you carefully. At the same time, increase your reading time gradually.
Play imitative games with your baby, such as walking like a bear or jumping like a bunny. This will come in handy for the baby during outdoor games for a walk, and in music classes, and for physical education lessons.

Medical examination

Each child who is going to go to the kindergarten, 2-3 months before the start of the visit to the preschool institution, undergoes a medical examination. This is the name of the examination of babies by a local doctor and specialists, on the basis of which children are treated or healed if necessary. The doctor may recommend doing breathing exercises, hardening the child, and also taking a course of medications to improve immunity (for example, rosehip syrup or multivitamins).

The child is examined by such specialists:

Oculist. He checks the vision and determines if correction is needed.
Neurologist. He analyzes the state of the child's nervous system and the possible risk of neurotic reactions.
Dermatologist. He examines the child's skin and pays special attention to children with allergies.
Orthopedist. He looks for scoliosis, flat feet, postural disorders in the child, and if such problems are found, he prescribes treatment. For healthy children, such a specialist gives recommendations on how to prevent such diseases.
Surgeon. It determines possible developmental pathologies that are treated surgically.
Pediatrician. He directs the child for tests, necessary additional studies and examination by other specialists, if necessary.
Psychologist. He discusses with the parents the mental state of the child and gives individual advice on getting used to kindergarten.

If a child has malformations or chronic illnesses, permission to attend kindergarten is issued by a commission of medical specialists. Such a commission determines the need to send sick children to specialized kindergartens.

hardening

Procedures for the purpose of hardening a child are recommended for all children going to kindergarten. They will strengthen the immune system and prepare the baby for the attack of viruses and bacteria in the children's team. The main principles of all tempering procedures are their regularity, as well as gradualness. You can start hardening the baby in the warm season only if the child is completely healthy.

The child can undergo the following procedures:

Walk twice a day in the fresh air.
Sleep outdoors.
Take air baths.
Walk barefoot at home, and later on the street.
Wash your face with a gradual decrease in water temperature to +16 +18 ° С.
Stay in the summer in direct sunlight twice or thrice a day for up to 10 minutes.
Set the temperature in the room where the child stays at +16 +18°С.
Pour feet before going to bed with water with a gradual decrease in temperature from + 28 ° C to + 18 ° C.
Bathe twice a week before going to bed at a temperature of + 36 ° C, dousing after the procedure with water at a temperature of 1-2 ° C lower.

For information on how to properly prepare a baby for kindergarten, see Dr. Komarovsky's program.

Adaptation of the child to kindergarten: the child went to kindergarten

As a rule, in the first days, children come to the garden for several hours. Often this is the time for a walk with your group, where the baby gets to know other children and caregivers.

It is also a good idea to bring the baby for an evening walk so that the child can see how their parents come for the children and take them home. Show your child that the garden closes in the evening and everyone goes home.

Then gradually the child's stay in the garden becomes longer. First, the baby stays for breakfast and a walk, then lunch is added, a little later - daytime sleep, and only after that - stay all day. Even if the child gets used very well, it is not worth rushing to leave the baby for a full day.

Ways of motivation

To eliminate problems with waking up in the morning, the child’s unwillingness to go to kindergarten and being late, try to figure out why the child should go to kindergarten. For example, a kid can say hello to fish swimming in an aquarium in a group, show a doll to girlfriends, or play with a car that is in the garden.

Participation in the psychological mood of the child

For the first few weeks, the child should be taken to kindergarten by the parents, without entrusting this task to distant relatives or a nanny. If the mother is too worried about the baby's tears during the breakup, let the father lead the child. A good way out is to come up with a special farewell ritual that will be repeated every day. For example, you can kiss your baby on the cheek or shake his hand.

Pick up your baby with a smile and a good mood. You should not ask the teacher in the presence of the child if the baby was crying. This is best done in private so that the baby does not see your concern.

Be sure to praise your child for all the efforts in kindergarten. View and save drawings and crafts. Ask for details about classes. Let the child see that you support him and are interested in every detail of his life outside the home.

In no case, in case of disobedience, one should not threaten the child to leave him in the kindergarten. In addition, if you did not like something in the institution itself or educators, you should not discuss it in the presence of the child, so as not to form a negative assessment of the garden.

Solving possible problems

At first, children react painfully to parting with their mother in the locker room. There is no need to be upset if the baby cries when parting - such a reaction is absolutely normal. You should not leave the group unexpectedly while the child is distracted, because after the baby notices your absence, he will be very upset. But you should not delay the farewell for a long time, this will only worsen the condition of the child. You can give your child something to remind you of your mother, such as a small photo, a key, or a handkerchief. It is also worth telling the baby when you come for him, for example, “you will eat, sleep and I will pick you up.”

For some toddlers, adjustment problems appear weeks or months after starting kindergarten. This is often manifested by a regression in development - the baby begins to wet his pants, refuses to dress or eat on his own. Parents at this time should try to relieve mental stress with the help of frequent bodily contact (hug the child more and kiss more often), communication, quiet games, and joint reading. You can’t scold a child for “falling into childhood”, treat him with understanding.

If several months have already passed, and the baby is still hard going through separation from his mother, constantly crying and does not want to play with the children, contact a psychologist. Another problem may be the lack of contact between your child and the caregiver. In this case, the situation will be corrected by changing the group or kindergarten.

To find out why you may encounter such problems and how to solve them, see the video of the "Teledetki" channel, where an experienced psychologist Anna Abarinova talks about many important nuances.

Remember that it takes an average of 2-3 months to adapt to the garden, and during this period, parents should pay enough attention to the baby at home. Try to organize joint dinners on weekdays, and on weekends cook your child's favorite dishes.
As you pick up your child from daycare, ask about the events of the day and listen carefully as you ask questions. This will not only show your son or daughter that you are interested in his business, but will also contribute to the development of speech.
Don't forget about garden feedback. Periodically talk with the teacher about how the child behaves in the garden. This information will be useful to you, as many kids behave differently in a team. And by telling the teacher about the behavior of the child at home and his character, you can help find the right approach to the baby. If your child is having difficulty napping, talk to the caregiver to allow the baby to take their favorite toy to bed with them.
Pay attention to the clothes in which the child will be in kindergarten. Things with small buttons and hooks, as well as laces, are a poor choice, as it will be difficult for the baby to remove them and put them back on. Do not dress your child in too tight clothing. Avoid synthetic fabrics, it is better to choose cotton or wool clothes for the garden. A good choice would be clothes with different types of front and back.

Psychologist Svetlana Alekseeva gives valuable advice in the video of the YarMAMA - family portal channel.

Hello Ludmila. I would like to ask you to help me with this issue. I am on maternity leave, my baby will soon be 2 years old. Yesterday a colleague called and told me that my immediate boss was going to retire in three months. Therefore, if I go to work by then, I can get her position and a salary increase.

The offer is certainly very tempting. However, I am worried that in this case I will have to send my daughter to kindergarten. Is she too small for that? Can she get used to the new changes? Are there any good tips on how to prepare your child for kindergarten? Or is it better to abandon this idea altogether and wait the prescribed three years until the decree ends?

Problems of adaptation of the child in kindergarten

It is very good that you are thinking about such a question and are not in a hurry to solve your career affairs. The admission of a child to kindergarten is associated with certain psychological difficulties. To begin with, let's figure out what kind of problems and for what reason a baby may have in a preschool institution.

The first few weeks of attending kindergarten are called the adaptation period. At this time, the child adapts and gets used to the new conditions in his life. Among the main changes are:

there are no relatives nearby, especially mothers;
the baby is given less personal attention;
significantly expanded the circle of communication;
the daily routine has changed;
it is necessary to obey the instructions of an unfamiliar aunt;
most self-service activities must be performed independently;
have to build new relationships.

Coping with such changes is not easy. This process requires a lot of mental energy and physical strength of the body. Against this background, there may be failures in the operation of systems or organs, changes in behavior. Parents may notice some of these symptoms in their child:

Appetite has worsened;
Sleep was disturbed (read the article on the topic: Why do children sleep poorly?>>>);
Decreased immunity (important article: How to protect a child from a cold?>>>);
Closeness appears;
Motor activity is disturbed;
Emotional instability is observed;
There is a refusal to perform self-service activities (you will be interested in: How to develop independence in a child?>>>).

In this case, it is important to understand that such changes are not the usual whims of the baby. He needs the help of adults and it will be much better if parents learn in advance about ways to help the child adapt to kindergarten.

And within the framework of this article, I will draw your attention to the most important points

Learn to do without mom

As your child grows up and becomes more independent, begin to teach him to be under the supervision of other adults. It can be the closest relatives of the baby: father, grandmother, aunt. Prepare the necessary things for the care of the child, if necessary, provide some instructions for handling him. And then for a couple of hours you can go about your business.

You should not worry too much, leaving the baby without your care - everything will be all right with him. He is no longer a helpless baby, and your loved ones are experienced enough to cope with their task. But the child will gradually get used to the fact that the mother does not have to be around all the time. He will understand that he is no longer a single whole with his mother, but must and can become more and more independent.

Teach self care skills

Another important tip on how to properly prepare a child for kindergarten concerns the formation of self-care skills in him.

You need to teach your baby to use a spoon, drink from a cup, ask to go to the toilet;
Show him how to dress properly, put away toys, wash hands.

The older your toddler gets, the more he should be able to. This learning process is quite lengthy and requires patience, but a child in kindergarten will feel more confident and avoid many unpleasant situations.

In addition, there is another side to this problem that needs to be kept in mind. Make sure that the items your baby uses are as convenient as possible for him:

Buy children's dishes;
Choose clothes with buttons, shoes with Velcro or elastic bands, etc.;
Attach bright stickers to your child's personal belongings to make it easier for him to find them or to find out which foot to put on the boot, where the front of the T-shirt is, etc.

Fit in Kindergarten

To make it easier for the baby to get used to kindergarten, be sure to take care of accustoming him to the correct daily routine. Ask in advance what time breakfast, lunch and afternoon tea will take place, when the daytime sleep should be.

I especially want to focus on this moment those mothers who are interested in the question of how to prepare a child for kindergarten at 1.5 years old.

At this age, the child's behavior is difficult to control in an arbitrary mode. If he does not develop the habit of falling asleep at a certain hour, then this can be a serious problem for the educators in the group. Yes, and the baby will become lethargic and capricious when the usual time for sleep comes.

If the child has difficulty falling asleep;
It is difficult for you to maintain the correct daily routine;
And in the evening, putting the child to bed drags on for hours, then listen to the online seminar How to quickly put the child to sleep >>>.

It would not be superfluous to ask about the composition of the kindergarten menu. Include most of the dishes that the child will try in the diet at home.

Develop speech

Tips on how to prepare a two-year-old child for kindergarten talk about the need to pay attention to the development of his speech. At this age, he should already learn to correctly formulate remarks and even sentences. It is necessary that he was able to communicate about his needs, well-being.

Keep an eye on the expansion of the vocabulary of the baby. Introduce him to words of courtesy.

Learn to communicate with peers

It is imperative that recommendations on how to prepare a child for kindergarten indicate the importance of teaching him to communicate with peers. This question is not very relevant for children under 3 years old. But already at a later age, you should show the baby how to get to know each other, communicate with other guys. Teach him to share toys, to resolve some conflict situations.

It is very useful before the child starts attending kindergarten, to go with him to the classes of the children's club or circle. Visit your friends often who also have children of similar age. Visit the playgrounds in the playrooms.

Talk about kindergarten

It is equally important to know how to psychologically prepare a child for kindergarten. Most often, the baby is frightened by the unknown when he finds himself in an unfamiliar environment and does not know what awaits him there.

To eliminate such a problem, it is recommended to tell the preschooler about kindergarten conditions in advance;
Choose a walking route so that it passes the kindergarten. Being nearby, pay the child's attention to the appearance, location, bright lines in the design of the building and territory;
Be sure to comment on the actions of staff and children if you see them in the yard (read the article on what to do if the Child is afraid of other children >>>);
On occasion, show your child pictures of children in kindergarten. Tell them what they can do there. Always point out that children in preschool are fun and interesting.

By the way, in the kindergarten preparation course, you will receive two of the best books for reading and discussing with your child as bonuses.

When people turn to me for advice from a psychologist on adapting to kindergarten, I recommend telling a child about kindergarten in the form of a fairy tale. Come up with a story featuring your favorite character or your little one's toy. Tell us about how he goes to a fabulous kindergarten, what friends he met there, etc. Encourage your child to write their own stories.

Important! Never scare a child by sending him to kindergarten as a punishment for some misconduct. Do not talk about strict (especially evil) teachers who will scold him.

play kindergarten

It is very useful to play with a child in kindergarten:

Organize a kindergarten for dolls at home;
Let the baby be in the role of a teacher or a preschooler;
Make sure that his actions are correct, correct if he makes a mistake in something;
The course of the game should always be played in a friendly manner;
Pay attention to the child that there are certain rules in kindergarten and you can’t behave as you like.

Create a positive attitude

Talk to your child often about his imminent admission to kindergarten. Associate this with the fact that now he has become older and more independent, and you are very happy for him. Say you're proud of him. In the presence of the baby, tell your friends about this upcoming event.

Remember that preschool children perceive the world around them through the emotions of their parents.

The child will be happy to enter kindergarten if he feels your positive attitude. Therefore, it is important that you have no doubts about this matter;
Visit the kindergarten in advance, find out about the team working in it. Take an interest in the programs that are used for classes with children, the presence of additional opportunities for the development of their abilities.

Take care of your health

Quite often, you can hear parents complain that as soon as a child starts attending kindergarten, he is constantly sick. Unfortunately, in most cases, this is indeed the case. It is worth considering in advance how to prepare the child's immunity for kindergarten.

Include foods rich in vitamins and minerals in your baby's diet. If necessary, give special nutritional complexes;

Separately, I want to draw your attention to the fact that it is not recommended to do any vaccinations immediately before entering kindergarten. About 1.5 months should elapse between these events;
It is also advised not to register the baby in the garden during periods of increased epidemiological danger.

And in conclusion, I want to say that the right time for a child to enter kindergarten can only be determined based on the characteristics of his character and state of health. The most optimal period is considered to be the age of 2.5 or 4 years, since it is recommended to avoid significant shocks during the three-year period of crisis for the child.

If your child has sufficient independence and the necessary communication skills, then she is quite ready for new changes in her life. However, keep in mind that at first you will have to take the baby to the garden for part of the day, and sometimes even leave her at home. So plan your exit to work in such a way that all these situations do not interfere with your work activities in any way. Good luck!