Abstract of an open lesson on experimental research activities in the preparatory group "Journey to the City of Masters"
Theme "Journey to the City of Masters"
Purpose: To continue to form interest in a person, to consolidate children's knowledge about the sense organs, their role in a person's perception of the world around him.
Correctional and educational:
- to summarize the existing knowledge of children about the functions of the sense organs;
- clarify the meaning of the sense organs for a person, when he perceives the world around him;
- to form the ability to analyze data obtained through experimentation;
- discuss issues of sensory hygiene.
Correction-developing:
- develop colloquial speech using quality adjectives, replenish vocabulary with the phrases “organ of hearing, organ of vision, auricle, membrane, touch”;
- develop tactile, auditory, taste, visual sensations;
- develop speed of thinking, creative imagination;
- expand horizons.
Correctional and educational:
- cultivate a careful and caring attitude towards your body;
- cultivate curiosity, the ability to listen carefully.
Methods and techniques:
- visual (show, demonstration);
- verbal (conversation, artistic word, logical reasoning, question - answer);
- game (didactic games, surprise moment, finger game;
- practical (drawing, exercises, experimentation, introspection).
Preliminary work:
- a conversation about the sense organs in animals and humans;
- conversation on the topic “Different professions are important”;
- conversation on the topic "Vision";
- conversation on the topic "Our hands";
- reading fiction: “What do crafts smell like”, K. I. Chukovsky “Moydodyr”, “Doctor Aibolit”, A. Barto “Points”;
- role-playing game "Hospital";
- learning a set of exercises for the eyes;
- a cycle of educational situations in valeology (sense organs)
- viewing cognitive drawings;
- learning didactic and outdoor games.
Health saving technologies:
- breathing exercises;
- gymnastics for the eyes;
- back massage;
- games with speech accompaniment.
Lesson progress:
Good morning!
We gathered together
To make it more interesting!
We learn a lot!
So kids, let's get started!
Skype call on the screen.
“Hello dear guys! I'm Master Hardworking. We have a misfortune in the city of Masters! The evil sorceress Len wanted to capture our city for a long time, but she did not succeed. Then Laziness cast a spell on our masters, in which the masters cannot do their favorite work: The cook does not feel the taste at all; The artist does not distinguish between size; The musician does not hear sounds; The perfumer does not distinguish smells; The sculptor does not feel his hands at all. Please help us, please, we can't do it without you! Thank you! And so that you can get to us faster, I have prepared a map for you. She will help find our masters! Good luck dear guys!
Speech therapist: Well, if you decide to help, then you need to hit the road. How will we get to this city? (statements of children, reasoning).
Soundtrack sounds
“I forgot to tell you that you can enter our city through a portal……
(music sounds and children pass through the tunnel)
Speech therapist: Here we are in the city of Masters!
Here is the inscription: “You can go to the city of Masters through the magic gates twice: first with your eyes open, and then closed”
The children are doing the task.
Speech therapist: Tell me, when was it harder for you to pass? (a second time)
Why? (eyes were closed)
So we got to the city of Masters. Zorkaya Street - the Artist lives on it.
"1) Help the Artist - what did he mess up?" (grey fox - red hare (color); big mouse and small elephant (size); ... .. (shape)
2) collect puzzles (pictures with animals) and pick up schemes for them.
Educator: Guys, now let's tell our Artist how to take care of your eyes.
PICTURES ON MNEMOTECHNIQUES:
Do not rub your eyes with dirty hands.
You need to protect your eyes from cutting and piercing objects.
You can not watch TV for a long time and close.
You can not play computer games for a long time.
You need to train your eyes, look into the distance.
Educator: And also, in order for the eyes to remain vigilant and not hurt, you need to do gymnastics for the eyes, let's teach the Artist.
(gymnastics for the eyes)
The donkey walks, chooses, Look around the circle.
He doesn't know what to eat first.
A plum has ripened upstairs, Look up.
And nettles grow below, look down
On the left is a beetroot, on the right is a swede.
Look left - right
Left - pumpkin, right - cranberry, Left - right.
From below - fresh grass, Look down.
Above - juicy tops. Look up.
Couldn't choose anything. Close your eyes
And without strength on the ground came down to blink 10 times.
Educator: Thank you guys, you helped so much that the artist’s spell of the evil sorceress was dispelled.
HINT - “If you go along the short path - you will get to the Evil Witch, if you go along the long path - you will get to the Sculptor”
Children choose objects with which to measure the distance (ball, gymnastic stick, ……..)
Educator: Guys, here is the Street of Needleworkers.
HINT - “The sculptor has lost the feel of objects with his hands. Help me find out where the flour is? Sign products. Make suggestions for schemes »
(they approach the table on which the Sculptor is depicted, two bowls are laid out on the table: with starch, flour, chalk, salt)
Educator: Tell me which body can help us? (hands)
D / game "Guess"(bowls with starch, flour, salt and chalk).
Experiment.
Describe your feelings and imagine an object that happens in reality. (each child has one product)
Let's identify these substances by touch. 1 (flour) - children describe their sensations (loose, soft, airy) 2 (starch) - dense, raw, creaky - like what? (It creaks like snow) 3 (salt) - prickly, hard, loose 4 (semolina) - loose, loose, grainy.
Children identify and stick labels. Offers are selected for the schemes.
Educator: Guys, tell our Sculptor how to properly care for the skin.
Need to wash my skin more often
Protect skin from hypothermia
Protect skin from overheating
Do not touch unfamiliar plants and insects, do not pet stray dogs and cats, pigeons, etc.
Don't play with fire.
Be very careful when using piercing and cutting objects
HINT: “Put the puzzles together and you will enter the Fragrant Valley”
HINT - “The Perfumer has lost his sense of smell. Help identify the smell and name what it is "
D / game "Find out what smell"
Children by smell determine what is in the jar and sign the cones. (lemon has lemon, orange has orange, cucumber has cucumber, garlic has garlic)
Educator: Well done, we coped with this task. And in order for our noses to remain as sensitive and breathe well, I suggest doing breathing exercises.
"Blow on the shoulder"
Children stand, hands down, legs slightly apart.
Head straight - inhale.
Let's blow on the shoulder, (turn your head to the left, make your lips a tube)
Let's blow on another, (turn your head to the right, make your lips a tube)
The sun is hot for us (head straight - inhale through the nose)
It was hot during the daytime (head straight - exhale straight)
We blow on the stomach, (lower the head, touching the chest with the chin)
As the tube becomes the mouth (again make a calm, slightly deepened exhalation.)
Well, now to the clouds (Head straight - inhale through the nose)
And let's stop for now. (Raise your face up and blow through your lips again)
Then we repeat everything again: (Head straight - inhale through the nose)
One, two and three, four, five (Lift your face up and blow through your lips again)
(E. Antonova-Chaloy)
Educator: Guys, let's tell the perfumer how we care for the nose:
Protect the body from colds
brush your nose
Have your handkerchief
Do not put objects up your nose
temper
No smoking
TIP - Choose a track of a certain color for yourself. Move only on the pebbles, making sounds - the right foot - SHA, the left foot - SA.
“The chef has lost his sense of taste - “Describe the product so that others guess what the product is”
D / game: "Guess the taste"
Children put on blindfolds - the teacher puts a piece of each (cheese, apple, grape, chocolate)
After tasting, the bandage is removed and the sensations are described one by one. Children then guess the product.
Speech therapist: Remind the cook of the rules of oral care!
Rinse your mouth after eating.
Do not take sharp objects, so as not to injure the tongue.
You can not eat hot food, so as not to damage the papillae.
Systematically clean the tongue from plaque to avoid infection in the body.
TIP - Only advance when you hear the beep.
If there is no signal, you must stand still.
Children advance on a signal and come to the Musician.
"Help the Musician find out what I play?"
D / game: “Guess what I play?”
The teacher includes an audio recording of sounds (rustling of paper, pouring water, rustling of a bag, tapping of a pencil), and the children determine by ear and select the appropriate picture.
Speech therapist: Now try to find the same sound. Children are invited, from a variety of boxes, to find the same sounding.
Speech therapist: Thank you, thanks to you, our Musician began to hear again!
And so that no misfortune happens to him, our children will tell you how to take care of your ears (children's answers)
Don't pick your ears.
Do not allow water to enter.
Do not use unsuitable items to clean your ears.
Speech therapist: Thank you very much guys. You helped the inhabitants of the city a lot, freeing them from the spell of the evil sorceress Leni. We now know how much we need our helpers - the sense organs.
Speech therapist: No wonder they say: "A person receives all the information about the world around him with the help of his senses."
Let's make up proverbs and sayings about the sense organs.
Children are invited to make proverbs from scattered words and read them.
Speech therapist: Well, guys, you did the job! You helped the inhabitants of the city of Masters a lot, freeing it from the spell of the evil sorceress Leni. I am proud of you! But now it's time for us to go back to kindergarten.
SOUND - Return through the portal.
Speech therapist: Here we are back!
Skype call on the screen. Master Trudyazhka thanks the children for their help and gives the children brochures with instructions for caring for the senses.
Teacher speech therapist
the highest category
Grishina L.A.,
Izhevsk
Yushina galina Mikhailovna, teacher of the first qualification category
city Novosibirsk
Purpose: Development of cognitive interests of children. Tasks: Expanding horizons in terms of elementary ideas about the world around us Develop an interest in experimenting with different materials Clarify children's knowledge about water in the world around us, about the inhabitants of reservoirs Strengthen the ability to convey one's attitude to nature in stories and productive activities Learn to establish cause-and-effect relationships ( dirty water - fish will die) To consolidate the methods of recognizing observation: the ability to identify the properties and qualities of the proposed materials through experiments Exercise the ability to analyze the results of their own experiments Continue to teach children to observe safety rules during experiments Develop mental activity, the ability to observe, analyze, draw conclusions
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Scenario of a lesson on cognitive research activities in the preparatory school group "Smile"
prepared by the teacher of the 1st category Yushina Galina Mikhailovna
Purpose: Development of cognitive interests of children.
Expanding horizons in terms of elementary ideas about the world around
Develop an interest in experimenting with different materials
Clarify children's knowledge about water in the world around us, about the inhabitants of reservoirs
To consolidate the ability to convey their attitude to nature in stories and productive activities
Learn to establish cause-and-effect relationships (dirty water - fish will die)
To consolidate the methods of recognizing observation: the ability to identify the properties and qualities of the proposed materials through experiments
Exercise in the ability to analyze the results of their own experiments
Continue to teach children to follow safety rules during experiments
Develop mental activity, the ability to observe, analyze, draw conclusions
Materials and equipment: multimedia presentation “Water and its inhabitants”, 2 cups of clean water for each child, a cup of dirty water for each child, a spoon for each child, a bowl of sea salt for each child, a bowl of vegetable oil, a filter for each child, a globe, cards for writing conclusions, colored pencils
Lesson progress:
We got together again
To make it more interesting!
We learn a lot of new
So guys, let's get started!
Today, guys in our lesson, we will talk about water
SLIDE No. 1 (Globe), model of the globe (globe)
Look at the screen, what do you see?
CHILDREN: this is our planet Earth
Yes, this is the Earth, but why is there so much blue on it?
CHILDREN: it's water
How is water represented on our planet?
Children: in the form of the ocean, seas ...
And what is the water in the sea?
CHILDREN: salty
And what inhabitants inhabit the seas and oceans?
Indeed, the water in the seas and oceans is salty, because it is necessary for marine life, they will not be able to live in fresh water. Today in our laboratory we will try to make sea water. But first, we will repeat the rules of our laboratory:
LABORATORY RULES CARD:
Put on protection
Try nothing
Do everything consistently
CHILDREN PUT ON APRONS AND HATS
Well, here we are ready, come to the tables.
Remind me how to make water salty?
CHILDREN: you need to mix water and salt
Quite right, for our first experiment, you need to take a glass under No. 1 spoon and a bowl of salt. Pour one tablespoon of salt into the water and mix well, but gently stir. What did we get?
CHILDREN: the salt has dissolved and the water has become salty.
There are cards in front of you, we need to write down our experiment, card number 1
WATER CLEAR+SALT=SALT WATER
CHILDREN DRAW SCHEMATICALLY
Salt dissolved in water is a solution
Let's return to our planet earth, not only seas and oceans exist on it, but
What else is water in?
CHILDREN: rivers, lakes, streams
How is sea water different from river water?
CHILDREN: in the sea the water is salty, and in the river it is fresh
Of course, tell me which river flows in our city
CHILDREN: OB river
Do you know the inhabitants of the rivers?
CHILDREN: fish….
I invite you to our laboratory, look, I brought some water from our river, what it is
Children: muddy, dirty
What to do with such water, is it suitable for human use, and will the fish be comfortable in it? Why?
Children: people should not drink such water, and such water is a threat to fish, the sun's rays do not pass through this mud, which means algae will grow poorly, fish will have nothing to eat, they may die from such water
And why did the water become so dirty, who or what pollutes it, what do you think?
Children: people throw garbage, boats pollute with gasoline ...
I suggest you purify this dirty water, make it a little cleaner, with what can you purify the water?
Children: using a filter.
In front of you is glass No. 2, there is dirty water in it, there is also an empty glass, it remains for us to make a filter for this, we will take a piece of gauze, put cotton wool in it and cover it with another layer of gauze on top, how many layers are in our filter?
Well, let's try? We pour water
What happened
And now we will write down the course of our experiment on card number 2
The children sketch
Dirty water + filter = clean water
The game "Inhabitants of the seas and rivers"
Of course, we have not completely purified the water, but this is just a drop in the ocean, but how to purify the seas and rivers? What can we do to keep our river clean?
Children: do not pollute it,
SLIDE WITH CLEANING FACILITIES
Look at the screen - these are purification plants that purify a huge amount of water
SLIDE WITH OIL POLLUTION
What do you see here
Now we will conduct an experiment that will prove to us that oil is very dangerous for the inhabitants of reservoirs.
Oil is a kind of oil
We need a glass of clean water, a spoonful of oil, add oil to the water and stir, wait a bit, what do you see?
Children: the oil did not dissolve
On card number 3, we will make a brief record of our experiment.
Water + oil = not dissolved
Similarly, oil does not dissolve in water, lies on the surface and prevents sunlight from penetrating, oxygen, and animals suffer greatly from this.
This is what oil pollution causes
Today in our laboratory we talked about water, what was interesting to you, what was difficult, what did you like? What will we conclude from this lesson?
Application:
The game "RESIDENTS OF THE SEA AND RIVER"
When I call a sea dweller, you clap 1 time, and when you call a river dweller, you clap 2 times
Abstract of the GCD on the cognitive and research activities of children of the preparatory group on the topic: "Academy of Miracles"
Purpose: Development of cognitive activity in the process of children's experimentation.
Tasks:
Expanding children's ideas about the world around them through familiarity with the basic physical properties and phenomena.
Raising children's interest in experimental activities.
Creating an emotionally positive mood in children.
In a wide circle I see
All my friends got up
We'll go right now
Now let's go to the left
Let's gather in the center of the circle
And we will all return to the place
Let's all smile at each other
All in the collection - children, adults
We can start
But first we must together
Say hello to everyone.
Hello dear guys. I am a senior laboratory assistant. Today I invite you to my scientific laboratory "Academy of Miracles". Do you know what a laboratory is? (Children answer)
Laboratory This is a special place where experiments and experiments are carried out.Sowhat are experiments? Experiments are experiences thatry carried out by scientists to verify the correctness of theirassumptions.Do you like to experiment? (Children answer).I invite you to becomemy assistants. Today we will learn how to work miracles, and at the end of the training you will receive diplomas from our academy. Atconducting experiments, scientists write down, sketchingyut everything that happens.We will also conduct an expriments and we will write everything down in our scientific notebooks.When conducting experiments, scientists use different devices, objects:three, and glass, and for this it is necessary to follow safety rules.What do you think the rules are observe while working in the laboratory?
1. Listen carefully to the senior laboratory assistant.
2. Follow instructions exactly
3. Carefully work with the equipment.
4. At the end of the experiments, draw conclusions
Now I'll hang pictures so I don't forget.
Let's not waste time, let's get started! I invite you to the first experimental table "Sorceress Voditsa".
The most amazing substance on earth is water. You are well acquainted with water: more than once you splashed in the rain, splashing puddles, splashed in the river. But let's take a closer look at it - get acquainted with the properties of this extraordinary substance.
Everyone knows water is a good solvent, but not all substances dissolve in water. Let's check it out.
"Dissolution of Substances"
Material: sugar, salt, flour, vegetable oil.
In glasses, mix water with sugar, salt, flour and butter. We conclude: water dissolves sugar and salt, mixes with flour, and oil does not dissolve in water and does not mix with water.
"Ringing Water"
Educator:-Guys, look at the glasses of water on my table.
Educator:- Can these glasses sound?
Children:(children's answers)
Educator:- Wine glasses can sound. How to make glasses sound?
Children:(children's answers)
Educator:-Let's tap with your finger, the objects that are on your table. Which sound?
Children:Deaf.
Educator:- how to make the sound louder?
Children:(children's answers)
Educator:-Let's try to hear the sound using sticks with a ball on the end
Children:voiced.
Educator:- Is it the same sound?
Children:same
Educator:- Because the glasses have the same amount of water. And now we will pour and pour water into glasses. Let's check the sound.
Children:miscellaneous.
Educator:-What influences the ringing?
Children:The ringing is affectedamount of water.
"THE TOWER OF PISA"
We will need: a deep plate, five cubes of sugar, food coloring, a glass of drinking water.
Build a tower of sugar cubes on a plate by stacking them on top of each other. Dilute some food coloring in a glass of water to change the color of the water. Now carefully pour some of the liquid into the plate (not onto the tower!). Watch what happens. First, the base of the tower is painted, then the water will rise up and paint the next cube. When sugar is saturated with water, the tower will collapse.
Conclusion: water is a good solvent. Water molecules penetrate the sugar and spread among its molecules, mixing with them (this is clearly seen by how the color of the sugar changes). In addition, water molecules are very strongly attracted to each other, which helps them climb up the tower.
And now in our "Academy of Miracles" - a break. I suggest a workout.
Physical education:
One two three four five!
We start squatting.
Turned left and right
And they smiled at each other.
leaned forward,
And now vice versa.
And one more time forward
And vice versa again.
Stretched, surprised
And they returned to their place
I invite you to the second table "Invisible - Air".
I propose to solve the riddle
We need it to breathe
To inflate the balloon
With us every hour
But he is invisible to us!
What is this? (air)
That's right, it's air. What is air for? (to breathe)
Yes, we are so used to it that we don't even notice it. Well, let's take a deep breath first, and then exhale.
What did we inhale? (air)
Now try not to breathe. Take a deep breath and hold your breath.
What did you feel when you weren't breathing? Did you feel comfortable? (Badly)
What conclusion can be drawn?
Air is necessary for breathing, a person cannot live without air.
Experience with water and a straw.
For the next experiment, we need a glass of water and a straw. Dip a tube into a glass of water and blow into it.
What's happening? (bubbles come out)
How did they appear?
Here is our discovery: there is air inside us too. We blow into the tube and it comes out, but in order to blow some more, we first inhale new air, and then exhale through the tube and bubbles form.
Guys, on this experimental table there is some kind of unusual stone that attracts all metal objects to itself. What do you think the magic stone is? (Answers of children).
That's right, it's a magnet. You have a magnet on your desk. Take it in your hand and examine it carefully. What does he feel like? (Answers of children: cold, hard, heavy).
Does a magnet attract everything? You have objects mixed up on the table, disassemble the objects in this way: on the right, put all the objects that the magnet attracts, on the left, put the objects that do not react to the magnet. How do we check it? (Answers of children).
To check this, you need to hold a magnet over objects. Let's get started!
Magnets are pieces of iron that attract objects to themselves. This phenomenon is called magnetism, and materials are magnetic. But not all objects are magnetic, so we cannot pick up some objects with a magnet.
"Retrieve without the help of hands"
Does a magnet work through other materials? (Answers of children).
Guys, how to get a paper clip without the help of hands? (Children's versions).
Let's take an ordinary glass, lower the paper clip to the bottom. And then you need to lead the magnet along the outside of the glass. (Children perform)
Tell me what happened? (Children answer).
What moved the paperclip? (Children answer)
What can be the conclusion? (Children answer)
Conclusion: Magnetic force passes through plastic, glass
"Opposites Attract"
The teacher gives two magnets in his hands.
Children take two magnets, check that they are attracted to each other by different poles.
What happened? (Magnets stuck to each other with a loud thud)
Bring the magnets to each other with the same poles. What do we see? (Magnets "run away" from each other).
Magnets are wrapped in an invisible "cloud" called a field. This "cloud" consists of very small particles that are in constant motion, like a swarm of small midges. If two magnets are brought closer to each other, then - depending on their relative position - these invisible particles (moving in a certain way) will try to either push the magnets towards each other, or vice versa, repel them. Every magnet has two poles: south and north. Different poles attract, and the same poles repel.
And now guys, I want to invite you to a secret laboratory where amazing transformations take place. Do you believe that you can draw on milk? If not then let's run an experiment and see what happens.
"Drawing on milk"
For the experiment you will need: a plate, milk, liquid soap, cotton buds and paints.
Pour milk into a bowl. Drip a few drops of paint into the milk. Dip cotton swabs in liquid soap and dip them into a bowl of milk.
Conclusion: when paint is added to milk, beautiful paint spills form on the surface. When liquid soap is added, the paint strays into strips and forms unexpected patterns on the surface of the milk.
Guys, do you know what a volcano is?
Children's answers.
A volcano is a mountain, on the top of which there is a hole or a crack - this is a crater, inside the volcano there is a channel called the vent of the volcano, through which the molten mass of rocks - magma, rises. When magma comes to the surface during a volcanic eruption, it changes its name to become lava. But not only lava is ejected to the surface of the earth, but many more poisonous gases, ash and volcanic bombs. Do you want us to arrange a volcanic eruption, right here in the laboratory?
"Volcano"
For the experiment, we need: baking soda is a white powder, a dye is red gouache, spoons, and of course the models of volcanoes themselves.
Now let's start the experiment: take the spoons and use them to"vent" volcano, pour soda, then paint it, i.e. pour paint, mix the whole mixture. And to wake up the volcano, we need the main ingredient - vinegar, and since this is a very dangerous liquid, I will ask you to put on masks and add it to our volcanoes and see what happens! Our volcanoes wake up and start spewing lava.
Well, guys, training in our "Academy of Miracles" is over. And I give you diplomas. Now that you have become real scientists, I invite you to a scientific council. Remember all the experiments carried out, and draw what you remember and liked most of all. Good luck!
Galina Kalala
Synopsis of the GCD on cognitive research activities in the preparatory group "Salty History"
Abstract of a lesson on cognitive research activities in the preparatory group« salt story»
Target: Promote development cognitive interest in children;
develop positive emotions and interest in non-traditional types of fine art activities.
Program content: Clarify children's knowledge about the properties of its salt; continue to acquaint with its types (stone, cookery, sea) and characteristics (mineral, mining, application); develop experimentation skills; to cultivate a careful attitude to salt and the skills of its cultural consumption.
Dictionary: stone, cooking, crystallization, mineral substance, evaporation, "speleotherapy", "speleological room".
Materials and equipment: Presentation on the topic of the lesson, a bag of salt, plastic bottles (jars) for crafts, napkins, colored crayons, cups with ready-made colored salt.
Lesson progress:
caregiver:
Guys, we recently talked about the customs and traditions that exist among the Russian people. According to an old Russian custom, it is customary to greet dear guests with bread and salt. "Bread and salt!"- says the Russian man, welcoming the guests. "Eat bread!"- will certainly answer him.
We welcome guests with joy, treat them with bread and salt.
A girl and a boy enter with bread and salt. Approach guests with a bow. An adult breaks off a piece and dips it in salt.
caregiver:
Is everyone seated?
Nobody tight?
It will be interesting!
Guys, who will tell me what riches are deep underground? What are their names? (Minerals)
What minerals do you know? (Clay, coal, diamonds, gold, mineral water, etc.)
Can you please tell me what else can be called minerals? (Treasury of the Earth, pantry of the Earth, storage of the Earth).
Today I would like to talk with you about one substance with which you are well acquainted - it is also a mineral. To find out what will be discussed, I suggest you guess riddle:
“Without her, guys, the cook is like without hands, And all the food suddenly becomes inedible! If you get into a wound, you will experience pain ... Of course, you guessed right away, this is - (salt)
Separately - I'm not so tasty,
But white and salty,
And in food - everyone needs.
Salt is the only mineral that humans can immediately consume in their food. Do you know what salt is? (children's answers).
That's right, there are three types. salt: Food (stone, technical; marine.
Edible salt makes our food very tasty. Sea salt can also be eaten, but it is used differently:
in medicine;
in cosmetology.
Technical salt is sprinkled on the road from ice in winter.
caregiver
Where does rock salt come from? (children's answers) .
(the story is accompanied by a presentation)
It is mined in mines. And how did she get there? (children's answers). Rock salt deposits are high in the mountains (slide show). But for a very long time there was an ocean instead of mountains. Over time, in a hot climate, the sea water evaporated and the salt crystallized. What do you think it means "crystallized"? (children's answers). You are right - it took the form of crystals. In ancient times, people mined salt by burning some plants in a fire, and used the ash as a seasoning. Salt was more expensive than gold, it was used to pay for goods instead of money.
Therefore, people have come up with a lot of proverbs and sayings about salt. Do you know them?
Not tasty without salt, not satisfying without bread
Without salt, bread is not eaten; without salt, the table is crooked.
Without salt, without bread, the conversation is thin.
Don't feel sorry for the salt, it's more fun to eat.
After bread - salt, rest for seven hours.
Born from water, but afraid of water (salt).
In ancient times, salt was considered a jewel, valued like gold. She was kept in special caskets, exchanged for goods, even for land. Our ancestors believed that salt protected them from evil spirits and enemy forces.
Wars have flared up over salt. In ancient Rome, soldiers were often paid not with money, but with salt, hence the word SOLDIER.
Hence the popular saying: spilled salt - to a quarrel, to failure.
Named after salt cities:, Solikamsk, Sol-Iletsk, Soltsy, Usolye: rivers - Usolka and Salt and many others.
Can you tell me what color the salt is? Does salt have a smell? What is it substance: liquid, solid or free flowing? (children's answers). Do you want to know how people began to extract salt? (children's answers). But first, let's rest a little.
Fizkultminutka.
The wind blows in our faces
The tree swayed.
The wind is quieter, quieter, quieter.
The tree is getting higher and higher. (Children imitate a breath of wind, shaking their torso in one direction or the other. To the words "hush hush" children sit down "higher, higher"- straighten up.)
It took a long time before people learned how to extract salt from sea water. Salt is mined with special equipment - salt mining harvester, loaded into railway cars and sent to the mill. Sea salt contains useful minerals, iodine. Means. If the salt contains useful minerals, then the salt itself is useful. And not only useful, but also vital, not only for people, but for all living beings (for example, people specifically give horses, cows, salt, which is not found in grass and hay).
Of course, this does not mean that you need to eat a lot of salt. Too much of it can harm our body. Therefore, everything is good in moderation.
Rock salt is mined in salt mines. Guys, how do you think the salt got there? Rock salt deposits are located high in the mountains. Once upon a time, where the mountains were, there was an ocean. Over time, in a hot climate, the sea water evaporated and the salt crystallized. And the mountains were formed. Special harvesters cut layers of salt. Then it enters the mills and crumbles to obtain crystals of various sizes.
Do you think salt is necessary for our body? Yes, salt is essential. Lack of salt can lead to heart disease, indigestion, and destruction of bone and muscle tissue. A person cannot live without salt, it has a bad effect on his health.
Do you think salt is good or bad? (children's answers)
Let's take two identical pieces of cucumber. One salt a little - a little, and the other thickly. Now let's try, is there anyone who wants to? What can we conclude from this experiment? (children's answers).
In large quantities, salt is not only not tasty, but also harmful. It retains fluid in the body, and this interferes with the work of our heart and kidneys. Headaches may begin. Salt accumulates in the bones and because of this, the legs begin to hurt. But it can harm not only people, but also plants.
We conducted an experiment with two bulbs. Let's remember we planted two bulbs in, one in ordinary soil, the other in very salty. Now we know that in salty Plants do not grow in soil.
caregiver:
Where do you think salt can be used? In the workings of salt mines, underground clinics and sanatoriums are created. There is very healthy air and there are no harmful microorganisms at all. For its beneficial properties, salt is called "white gold" and used for treatment. And they called it a very beautiful word "speleotherapy". There are special speleological sanatoriums located in salt mines, speleological rooms where people are treated for various diseases.
Salt is also used in folk medicine (inhalation, nasal lavage, saline compresses for bruises, gargling). Baths with sea salt are very useful.
On the street, for human safety, janitors and special vehicles sprinkle salt on the paths and ice. This is necessary so that a person walking along the path does not slip or fall.
Salt is a good cleaning agent. With its help, you can clean the dishes from scale and dirt.
And now I want to invite you to our laboratory in order to better know what salt is.
Let's remember the rules of conduct in it.
Do not bring objects close to your eyes
Unnecessarily do not take anything in your mouth,
Strictly follow my instructions
1) Guys, pay attention, there are plates of salt in front of you, say,
what color is she? (white)
2) Now put some salt on the tip of a spoon and try it. Which
salt to taste? (salty)
3) Smell the salt, does it smell? (No)
4) Take a spoon, pick up salt and pour it into a glass. What do you
are you watching? (pouring - loose)
What conclusion can be drawn about salt, what is it?
* salty
* loose
* no odor
5) Take a magnifying glass and examine the salt through it. What does she look like?
(crystal)
6) Do you think salt dissolves in water? I suggest you find out together.
You have salt in your glass, add more salt. Now pour with a spoon
some water. What do we see? (salt does not dissolve)
Where did the water go? (she soaked in)
This happened because we poured some water, the salt absorbed the water.
Now add more water and stir. Where did the salt go?
(dissolved)
What conclusion can be drawn? (if you pour a little water, the salt will absorb water,
and if there is a lot of water, then the salt will dissolve.
7) Guys, tell me what happens to water at low temperatures, then
eat when it's cold? (freezes)
How do you think, salt water freezes? Now we will check. Let's put
salty water in the freezer and after a while we will see
result.
8) I will tell you a secret. Salt is magical. IN almost salt water
impossible to drown. Want to check it out? We will experiment and
check how salty water will push objects to the surface.
For this we need 2 raw eggs, 2 cups. In one glass
fresh water, in another - salty. What glass do you think
salty water?
We take a raw egg and lower it into a glass of fresh water. What happened?
Drop the second egg into the glass salt water. What can be said about this
egg? (egg left to float on the surface)
What conclusion do we draw? (salty water keeps objects on the surface)
“Great, you are real explorers.
Today we will decorate vases with colored salt. See how you can decorate various containers with colored salt.
And it's done like this: you all have funnels on the tables, cups with colored salt, a container into which you will pour colored salt, tablespoons. Salt must be poured to the end and tightly closed with a lid. Here are some wonderful handmade souvenirs we got
Summarizing:
- Tell me, what new and interesting things did you learn today at the lesson?
Salt is white salty, loose, has no smell.
What properties does salt have?
Dissolves in water salt water does not freeze, holds objects
on a surface.
Remember: salt in human life is of great importance, it is
source of life but overuse can lead to
disease.
I liked the way you worked. You are true explorers. Thank you very much.
Nomination: Kindergarten, Abstract of classes, GCD, experimental activities, Senior age
Summary of the lesson on experimental research activities in the senior group of the preschool educational institution "Water and Oil"
Subject: Water and sunflower oil.
Target: Improving children's ideas about, introduce the properties of oil
Tasks:
Development of children's interests, curiosity and cognitive motivation;
the formation of cognitive actions, the formation of consciousness;
Develop observation, the ability to compare, contrast, draw conclusions;
Demo material:
Illustrations of plants, Euler circles, a diagram of the properties of water, two dark-colored bottles with sunflower oil and water.
Handout: work cards for research, red and green chips, disposable cups, spoons, salt, brushes, a set of pictures of a sunflower and drops of water, glue, napkins, planks.
Preliminary work:
- Conversation about water.
- Examination of illustrations and paintings depicting sunflowers.
Experimental activity with water, comparing stone with wood using study sheets.
A tour of the kitchen.
GCD progress:
1. Teacher's conversation with children about the time of year.
What season?
How has the environment changed?
2.Motivation.
The phone rings.
Educator: Sorry, guys, can I answer. Perhaps something important.
(Phone call asking to help the chef determine which bottle of oil is in.)
Guys, our cook called me, she asks to help her. It is necessary to determine which bottle contains oil and which contains water. Quite by accident, she poured water and oil into 2 identical opaque bottles. It's time to cook dinner, and she is afraid to make a mistake and spoil the food. Can we help? Will we manage
3. Conversation.
Teacher: What is oil? Why does a cook need oil? What is butter made from and what is it called?
Title: Summary of the GCD on cognitive research activities in the senior group of the preschool educational institution "Water and Oil"
4. Didactic game "Name the plant."
Children stand in a circle, each is given a picture with a plant. The teacher first shows, names the plant and the oil that is formed. (Pumpkin, walnut, olives, tomato, corn, sunflower, mustard, flax,
burdock, cotton, grapes, cucumber.)
- Please put on the magnetic board those plants from which oil is made.
5.Research activity.
We will conduct research. It is necessary to put on aprons, we take places at the table. You have sheets for research, we will stick red circles if there is no given property, green circles if the substance has this property.
Let's remember the properties of water: transparency, colorlessness, no smell, no taste, no form, solvent. (The teacher puts pictures of the properties of water on a magnetic board)
Let's move on to research.
6.Practical activity.
The children come to the table. where the experiment is taking place.
The contents of 1 bottle are poured into cups and experimental activities are carried out.
1. Children sniff water.
2. They taste it.
3. Put sugar and stir.
4. Pour some water into a plate.
After the experiments. children fill out the research sheets, answering the questions:
Does water have no color? (Yes - green circle)
- Is the water clear? (Yes - green circle)
Water has no shape? (Yes - green circle)
- Has no smell? (Yes - green circle)
- Has no taste? (Yes - green circle)
— Solvent? (Yes - green circle)
- Can I wash my hands? (Yes - green circle)
7. Fizminutka.
Two sisters - two hands
Cutting, building, digging,
Tear weeds in the garden
And wash each other.
Two hands knead the dough
Left and right
Sea and river water
They rake while swimming.
8. Continue experimenting with 2 bottles.
- determine the transparency,
Does the substance have a color?
- Is there a smell?
- Does sugar dissolve in our case;
- whether there is a trace on the hands.
9. Conclusion.
We read, children, what we got on the sheets.
Which bottle of water? Why?
We glue the sunflower to the line, a drop of water to the water according to the signs.
We check the teacher's checklist.
10. Working with Euler circles.
In the red circle we place signs of water, in blue - oils.
What common? What feature will we place at the intersection?
(see sheet)
11. Working with a microscope.
“Everything that surrounds us still has an internal structure that can be examined and seen only through a microscope.
(the microscope is connected to a laptop).
A glass with a drop of water is placed, then a glass with a drop of oil.
How are the images different?
(a drop of yellow oil)
Summary of the lesson.
What did you learn new? What else would you like to know?
Did we do a good job?
In the next lesson, we will talk about how butter is made.
And now we need to give the butter to the kitchen so that they cook dinner for us.
Prepared by the teacher Klishina V.V.
