ACTIVITY
Head Department of Physical
culture, exercise therapy and
sports medicine
Rostov State Medical University, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
Kharlamov E.V. "Does the child smile at the sight of a new
toys, does Garibaldi laugh when
he is persecuted for excessive love for
homeland, does Newton invent new
laws and writes them on paper, trembles
Does the girl at the thought of the first
goodbye, always the end result
thoughts is one - muscular
motion"
I. M. Sechenov
Man is a particle of nature, its fruit and an integral part in the cycle of its constituent parts. Communication with the environment established
Spheres of the external environment affecting a personPhysical
Environment:
solar activity,
electromagnetic,
atmospheric fields
Production
Wednesday: Production and
human labor (conditions
labor, labor ecology)
Man
Social environment:
human
society (socioeconomic
conditions) and a person
(micro and macro environment)
biological
Environment:
animal and
vegetable world)
Man is a particle of nature, its fruit and inalienable
part in the cycle of its component parts. Communication with the environment
the environment is established through the sense organs, the reflex apparatus
soma, movements, through food, water, through
gas exchange, consumption of solar and other types of energy.
The body's response to changes in the environment
biosphere, are carried out thanks to the nervous system by
corresponding reflexes I.P. Pavlov noted that motor
activity serves as an important signaling
central nervous system factor
"... to five external analyzers we must
add eminently thin
analyzer - internal analyzer
motor apparatus, signaling
each central nervous system
moment of motion, position and tension
all parts of the body involved in the movement
I.P. Pavlov
Movement determines the relationship between the functions of the musculoskeletal
systems with all systems of vegetative processes,
flowing in the body. motor, sensory and
vegetative zones of the cortex form a single system, through
which organizes the work of the underlying nerve centers
(respiration, blood circulation, metabolism, etc.) and is carried out
motor and autonomic regulation of organs and systems Under
impact
physical
(or
others)
factors
impulsation from the reflexogenic zone in coded form
delivered by sensory afferent nerve fibers
to the centers of the brain. In the cortex as a result of this afferentation
formed
center
arousal,
which
dominant
acts on other cortical centers located in the cortex
(vision, hearing), activating their activity. From the nerve centers
impulses are transmitted to the working bodies (effectors), including
including skeletal muscles, skin, internal and endocrine
authorities.
Major humoral (chemical) changes in muscles, skin
converge to the formation of biologically active substances
histamine, acetylcholine, serotonin, various free
radicals, kinins. These substances enter the blood
changes in the lumen of capillaries, blood viscosity, change
transcapillary exchange,
enhance diffusion
gases,
tissue metabolism.
Physiological effect
develops
with
one
sides
balance of metabolic processes in the centers of the cortex
brain and nodes of the autonomic nervous system, on the other
sides
improvement
blood circulation
in
system
microcirculation regionally as in the area of influence (skin,
muscles and other adjacent tissues), and in general in a large
circulation circle. Schematic representation of the motor-visceral
reflexes according to I.V. Muravov and M.R. Mogendovich The feedback principle was developed by scientists I.P. Pavlov and
PC. Anokhin, N.A. Berstein
The basis for creating the concept of feedback was
scientific works of A.F. Samoilov about the "education" of the nervous system
skeletal muscles in phylogenesis
Muscles make up 40-50% of the human body. During
evolutionary development function of muscle movement
subjugated the structure, functions and all life activity
other organs and body systems. Therefore, it is very clear
responds to both reduced motor activity and
heavy, unbearable physical activity.
Under the influence of efferent impulses of the nervous system
going on
reduction
skeletal
muscles.
Reverse
information (afferent) from contracting muscles
changes ("educates") the functional state of the nervous
systems. Thus, a certain
morphofunctional dominant in the cerebral cortex
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM
PO P.K. ANOKHIN
A source
afferentations
(proprio, intero,
exteroreceptors)
The cortex of the brain
brain
(center
excitation)
Reverse
connection
Effectors
(muscles,
domestic
organs)
Subcortical
centers
vegetative
nervous system,
sensitive
centers
Functional system according to P.K. Anokhin
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMPO P.K. ANOKHIN
The importance and significance of daily activities finds its justification in the doctrine of higher nervous activity:
IMPORTANCE AND SIGNIFICANCEFINDS DAILY ACTIVITIES
YOUR JUSTIFICATION IN THE DOCTRINE OF
HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY:
I.M. Sechenov
A.A. Ukhtomsky
I.P. Pavlova
L.A. Orbeli
PC. Anokhin
ON. Bernstein
M.R. Mogendovich The tension created during
working day, can be removed in a short
term by another external stimulus -
physical exercise, which
help to deal with excitement
one area of the cerebral cortex
another, thereby creating a rest
(inhibition of the first excitation)
The experiments of the physiologist I.M. Sechenov showed that
what is the best way to restore
performance under active
rest, when the activity that caused
fatigue, replaced not by peace, but
activities of a different nature!
“Any living working system, as well as its individual elements,
must rest, recover ... And the rest of such
most reactive systems, like cortical cells, should in particular
carefully guarded."
I.M. Sechenov P.F. Lesgaft built a theory
close physical education
connection between mental and physical
human development
He promoted the idea that
regular change of physical and
mental exercise "is
powerful factor that reduces
fatigue and boost
performance"
P.F. Lesgaft was an opponent
passive rest from mental
classes
“... If ordinary functions are supplemented with special exercises,
add physical activity, you can achieve
improvement of organs in a given direction.
P.F. Lesgaft "Gymnastics, exercise, walking must be firmly
enter the life of everyone who wants to save
working capacity, health, full and joyful
a life"
Hippocrates (460-356 BC)
Father of Medicine - Ancient Greek Scientist
Hippocrates - lived about 104 years
He showed by his personal example that
life extension and high
physical performance required:
daily exercise, fresh air and
walks.
He also owns an introduction to
practical medicine term
"Lifestyle"
Physical activity -
“Movement as such can by its action replace anymedicine, but all the medicines of the world cannot replace movement."
Tasso Torquato (1544-1593)
MOTOR ACTIVITY is genetically determined in age
aspect, the number of locomotions per unit
measurements (day, month, year)
Motor activity - a combination of various motor
activities performed in daily life, as well as organized
or independent physical education and sports.
Daily exercise can be considered
as a training, which is the formation of motor
skills and the expansion of the functional capabilities of the body.
By creating a certain mode of physical activity, you can
partly regulate the morpho-functional development of the body,
affect its resistance to environmental factors Block diagram of motor activity
(M.A. Kalmykov, E.V. Kharlamov)
The rate of daily physical activity is one that fully satisfies the body's biological need for movement and
NORM OF DAILY MOTOR ACTIVITY THAT WHICH FULLY SATISFIESTHE BIOLOGICAL NEED OF THE ORGANISM FOR
MOVEMENTS AND CORRESPONDING TO THE FUNCTIONAL
OPPORTUNITIES
The main criteria for normalizing the daily
motor activity:
dynamics of indicators of growth, development, state
health;
the level of the functional state of the main
organs, body systems;
degree of resistance;
the frequency of diseases;
the level and degree of harmony of the physical
development
Scheme of the correlation of the boundaries of various physical activity
SCHEME OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE BORDERS OF DIFFERENTMOTOR ACTIVITY
MHB - minimum
required value;
MDV - maximum
admissible value;
I - pathology;
II- hypokinesia - deficiency
movement;
III - hygienic norm;
IV- hyperkinesia excessive motor
activity;
V - pathology
MHB - minimum
required value = 150
minutes of moderate motor
activity per week.
Scientifically substantiated motor volume
activities for students
is 2.5 hours daily! It is believed that the development, growth and aging of organisms is a process
approximation
to
final
stationary
state,
accompanied
decrease
specific
speed
heat production (Prigogine-Viam theory).
Thus, from a certain stage of ontogenesis,
a continuous process of "aging" of the biosystem - a decrease
heat production rate. The rate of "aging" is the highest on
early stages of development, the smallest - at the final stages
ontogeny. Reaching the final steady state
means death. Starting from the age of 25, a person has a decrease in the specific
the rate of heat production is 3.0-7.5% for every 10 years.
This phenomenon is based on a change in the activity of enzymes,
concentration of mitochondria in cells, etc. And this means that
individuals move towards their stationary state with
at different speeds, at different ages, crossing the boundaries
"safe" level of health.
From these positions finds its confirmation
"normal" diseases of old age (V. M. Dilman, 1988).
thesis
about Dynamics of the level of somatic health
by decades of life (quick assessment, score)
Age,
years
Health level
Men
Women
Max
Min
X
Max
Min
X
20-30
15
10
12,5
14
8
11,3
31-40
15
4
9,2
10
5
7,0
41-50
14
4
8,7
7
3
5,3
51-60
16
3
6,7
7
0
5,3
61-70
6
3
5,0
5
2
3,3
71-80
4
3
2,5
-
-
-
The table shows the typical dynamics of the level of health,
determined by the rapid assessment system, for ten-year cycles.
Noticeably, firstly, a regular decrease in the level of somatic
health with age and, secondly, the output of the average assessment of the level
health outside the "safe zone" (12 points) already in the fourth
decade of life.
Subject to the principles of a healthy lifestyle, an individual can
stay in the "safe" zone of somatic health until the end
sixth decade of life. Dependence of life expectancy (horizontally, years) on the rate
decrease in the intensity of intracellular energy production (according to
vertical). BUZ - safe level of health, UEP - level
energy potential
Physical culture and maintaining a healthy lifestyle:
PHYSICAL CULTURE AND MANAGEMENTHEALTHY LIFESTYLE:
provide practical solutions for
preservation and strengthening of human health;
contribute to physical development, expansion
physical abilities;
affect almost every aspect of life
person:
develop the spiritual and moral qualities of the individual;
enhance the motivation of its self-development;
carry out social adaptation;
help to respond appropriately to stress factors
environment;
ensure the preservation and promotion of health throughout
throughout a person's life.
Active recreation should solve the following tasks:
ACTIVE LEISURE MUST DECIDETHE FOLLOWING TASKS:
ensuring the biological norm of health
(permissible values for maintaining a strong
health and high performance: minimal
physical energy consumption 1800-2000 kcal / day,
maximum on average 4500 kcal / day);
removal of disproportion between insufficient physical
activity and excessive mental and mental
voltages by switching to qualitatively
other type of activity;
increase in "margin of safety" compared to
"usual" rate of expenditure of forces due to
health-improving physical culture.
Insufficient active human activity (hypokinesia) is a characteristic feature of our time
“hyperkinesia - excessive motor activity;"hypokinesia" - lack of movement;
"physical inactivity" - a violation of the functions of the body (musculoskeletal system, blood circulation, respiration,
digestion) with limited physical activity,
decreased force of muscle contraction
INSUFFICIENT ACTIVE
HUMAN ACTIVITIES
(HYPOKINESIA) - CHARACTERISTIC
FEATURE OF OUR TIME
Consequences of hypokinesia
CONSEQUENCES OF HYPOKINESIAViolation of coherence in the work of the muscular apparatus and
internal organs due to a decrease in intensity
proprioceptive impulses from skeletal muscles to
central apparatus of neurohumoral regulation (trunk
brain, s / c nucleus, cortex). With hypokinesia, the structure changes
skeletal muscles and striated myocardial muscles.
Immunological activity decreases, the body's resistance to
overheating, cooling, lack of oxygen.
With prolonged hypokinesia, there is a decrease in muscle
heart mass as a result of a decrease in the rate of the synthesis reaction
protein, decrease in systolic and increase in diastolic
pressure, the processes of regulation of blood circulation are disturbed.
There are serious destructive processes in the vessels,
hypodynamia develops.
Clinical physical inactivity
CLINICAL HYPODYNAMIAincludes several stages that determine the degree
inclusion of compensatory mechanisms depending on
load reduction measures
initial lack of sufficient motor load
causes stimulation of the body's adaptive systems and
restructuring it to a new level of functioning. Externally
does not affect the functional state of the body
further
limitation
motor
activity
contributes to the emergence of serious functional
changes and contributes to the development of prepathological
states. Characterized by: a decrease in nonspecific
resistance
organism,
fast
fatigue,
lagging behind in the performance of physical skills, changes in
physical development
in some cases, the development of "asthenic syndrome" of the complex
disorders,
affecting
metabolism
locomotor apparatus, activity of the central nervous system, vegetative
functions and metabolic processes in the body (fit into
the concept of hypokinesia).
Prevention of hypodynamia:
PREVENTIONHYPODYNAMICS:
strict adherence to hygienic
daily routine recommendations
(UGG, PG), reduction of statistical
components in spare time;
the introduction of extracurricular forms of physical
education;
increase in the share of the dynamic component in
forms of physical education and academic
occupations and labor process;
promotion of a healthy lifestyle, involvement in
sports life and sports and recreation
events.
Optimization of physical activity of an adult in modern conditions
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PHYSICALACTIVITIES OF AN ADULTS IN
MODERN CONDITIONS “The most important thing in the mode
health preservation is
physical
exercise and then
food and sleep patterns.
Moderate and timely
those involved do not need
in no treatment
aimed at eliminating
disease"
Avicenna (980-1037)
Forms of self-study
FORMS OF INDEPENDENT LESSONSMorning hygiene exercises
Exercises during the school day - production
gymnastics
Self-study with wellness or
training orientation
However, one of the main forms of employment is
independent work on the accumulation of knowledge, tk. knowledge,
understanding (rather than memorization) of the essence of theoretical and methodological
material are of fundamental importance for the conscious and
active use of means and methods of physical
culture in the organization of self-study
physical exercise, in the course of daily life and
in quality and efficient implementation
professional activity
Passing training
morning exercises
MORNING GYMNASTICSIn the morning after waking up from sleep
Exercises for all muscle groups, exercises for
relaxation, flexibility, swing and breathing
exercises.
It is not recommended to perform static exercises
character, with weights, endurance
(long run to exhaustion)
Stick to the sequence: walking,
slow running (2-3 min), pull-up exercises
with deep breathing, flexibility exercises and
mobility for the arms, neck, torso and legs, exercises with
light dumbbells, various inclinations and straightenings in
jumping and standing, sitting, lying, squatting, jumping and
jumps, relaxation exercises with deep
breathing (yoga exercises)
After doing gymnastics, it is recommended to do
self-massage and perform water procedures
Exercise during the school day
EXERCISES DURING THE SCHOOL DAYDuring breaks between studies or self-study
Prevent upcoming fatigue
maintaining high performance
Industrial gymnastics:
Introductory gymnastics - 6-8 exercises, for 5-7 minutes per day
the beginning of the working / school day (the period
working capacity per working day)
physical culture breaks - 5-7 exercises for 5 minutes per day
period of incipient fatigue to reduce fatigue
and improve mental performance
Physical education minutes - for 1-2 minutes, 2-3 general exercises
and local impact
micro-pauses of active rest,
small game forms during work breaks
(table tennis, billiards, darts, etc.),
sessions in psychophysical unloading rooms
Self-training sessions
INDEPENDENT TRAINING SESSIONSIndividually or in a group of 3-5 people. 2-7 times a week for 1-1.5 hours
The best time for training is the second half of the day, 2-3 hours after
lunch.
The structure of the training session:
1. Warm up (25-30 min.)
- general (prepares the functional systems of the body and ODA for
main work) Walking, slow running, general developmental exercises in
top-down sequences
- special (in-depth preparation of joints, ligaments, muscles and
functional systems to perform the main work)
2. Main part (45-55 min.)
Order: Quickness - Agility - Strength - Endurance
3. Final part (5-15 min.)
– provides acceleration of recovery processes.
Low-intensity exercises, breathing, swinging,
stretching, relaxation exercises.
After the end of classes, it is mandatory to perform hygienic and restorative measures (shower)
Leading principles of health-improving and training sessions: The principle of three "P"
LEADING PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH TRAINING:THE PRINCIPLE OF THREE P's
Sequence (from simple to
complex)
Gradual (increasing the load)
Constancy (daily classes give
the highest growth rate
training effect) Physical activity
affects the brain!
A group of scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that physical development
leads to favorable changes in the brain
brain, in particular to improve the quality of white
substance responsible for signaling
neurons in different areas.
Swedish scientists came to the conclusion that regular
physical exercise helps not only to maintain
healthy body, but also avoid the development of dementia
and Alzheimer's disease in old age. DID YOU KNOW THAT...
American scientists have found that walking in
in old age reduce the risk of heart attack by 11-50%.
Canadian scientists from Queen's University in Ontario
consider that if a person spends 2.5 hours a week on
playing sports (20 minutes a day), then other things being equal
circumstances, he will live longer than the one who goes with
laziness in life. DID YOU KNOW THAT...
British scientists have proven that 38 minutes of moderate
exercise reduces the risk of uterine cancer by 44%.
Researchers from the University of Sherbrooke (USA)
found that physical exercise improves
mood (stimulate production and slow down
breakdown of serotonin (mood regulator)
American scientists have proven that morning jogging is not
only helps to get rid of excess calories, but also
tames the appetite.
Taiwanese scientists found that daily
15 minutes charge gives 3 years of life! An example is the educational method of exceptional
strength. Its effect is based on the well-known
regularities: phenomena perceived by sight,
quickly and easily imprinted.
The psychological basis of the example is
imitation.
In the process of imitation, psychologists distinguish
three stages:
the first is direct perception of a particular
behavior of another person;
the second is the formation of a desire to act on
sample;
the third is the synthesis of independent and imitative
actions manifested in adaptation
behavior to the behavior of an idol. For the factor of personal development is used as
criterion for the professional development of a person
group view correlation score
students about the ideal personality of a doctor.
The Department of PK, LFK and SM can proudly talk about
reference model of a doctor on the example of doctors working
or who previously worked at Rost GMU and achieved success,
both in professional activity and on the path
sports achievements. Can be listed as
example
corresponding member of the Academy of Medical Sciences P.P. Kovalenko (chess);
prof. - microbiology A.I. Pole (CMS - tennis
desktop);
prof. V.P. Terentiev (KMS - table tennis);
prof. V.P. Omelchenko (scuba diving);
prof. SOUTH. Hellenic (badminton);
Assoc. doctor-teacher V.G. Bespalova (MSSR USSR - cycling);
Assoc. S.P. Matua (KMS - table tennis);
Assoc. A.V. Yevtushenko (KMS - table tennis);
doctor-trainer T.V. Prokhorov (Honored Coach of the Russian Federation, MS
USSR - athletics). One notable example is Prof.
A.I.Polyak.
Academician of the New York Academy
Sciences and the International Academy of Ecology and Safety
life, doctor of medical sciences, professor,
Head of the Department of Immunity and Allergology of the Central Scientific Research Laboratory with
1968 to 1999 Author of more than 500 scientific publications, 20
inventions, 2 patents. Published 30 methodological
letters. Co-author of 4 monographs, editor of 19 collections of scientific papers.
Member of 25 World and European Congresses. In 1987 organized
laboratory for the diagnosis of AIDS. was chairman of the Rostov
departments of scientific societies of immunologists and gerontologists, associations
clinical immunologists and allergists. Repeated CHAMPION
table tennis area.
Residents Timoshenkova I.,
Chebotareva D. Collected
autographic data
.Terentiev Vladimir Petrovich
One of the clearest examples:
Vice-Rector for Medical
work, professor, doctor
medical sciences,
head of department
internal diseases,
therapist RO, cardiologist SFD
and a candidate for
master of sports in
table tennis.
CHAMPION in team and
personal account open
memorial tournament,
dedicated to memory
professor A.I. Pole,
union championship
health workers
RO in table tennis.
“A personal example is not just the best, but the only way to convince” A. Schweitzer
“PERSONAL EXAMPLE IS NOT EASYTHE BEST AND THE ONLY
WAY OF PERSUASION»
A. SCHWEITZER
The teaching staff and
employees of Rostov State Medical University actively
participate in competitions.
Annually, Rostov State Medical University accepts
participation in sports
workers festival
health care of the Southern Federal District and
Russia "Cheerfulness and health"
Under the auspices of the union
UNDER THE AUSPICES OFTRADE UNION
Spartakiad of the faculty and staff of Rostov State Medical University
SPARTAKIAD OF THE PROFESSOR AND TEACHING STAFF ANDEMPLOYEES OF ROSTGMU
Open tournament-memorial table tennis in memory of Professor A.I. Pole
OPEN TOURNAMENT-MEMORIAL ONTABLE TENNIS MEMORY
PROFESSOR A.I. POLE
G.I. Semenova (2010)
MEMORIAL VOLLEYBALL TOURNAMENTG.I. SEMENOVA (2010)
The first open tournament-memorial
volleyball in memory of Semenov G.I. (chief judge, teacher of the department of PE, exercise therapy and SM
Kalmykova E.M.) was held from September 29
to October 2, 2010 and was dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Rostov State
medical university.
MEMORIAL VOLLEYBALL TOURNAMENT
G.I. SEMENOVA (2010)
Integration forms of mass sports work as the most democratic forms of social relations in physical culture: - military pat
INTEGRATION FORMS OF MASS SPORTSWORKS AS THE MOST DEMOCRATIC FORMS
SOCIAL RELATIONS IN THE PHYSICAL
CULTURE:
- MILITARY AND PATRIOTIC FESTIVALS;
- TOURNAMENTS OF DAYS OF MILITARY GLORY OF RUSSIA;
- OPEN MEMORIAL TOURNAMENTS
OUTSTANDING PERSONS;
- INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL TOURNAMENTS
THE MOST AVAILABLE AND MASS TYPES
SPORT AMONG VARIOUS SOCIAL AND
AGE STATES OF THE POPULATION ON THE BASE
SPORT COMPLEXES OF UNIVERSITIES. Military sports festival
defenders of the Fatherland
Darts and other types of competitions
DARTSAND OTHER TYPES
COMPETITIONS
RostGMU – Alma mater darts on the Don
ROSTGMU – ALMA MATER DARTS ON DONOur university is the first in
area began to develop such
sport like darts (coach –
Krotov P.A., MS, Chairman
Rostov regional
darts federation). And now we
not only achieved high
achievements in sports, but also
glorified the name of Rostov State Medical University by
the whole country. Based on RostGMU
since 1989
city regional,
all-Russian and competitions
with international participation
darts
Russian Darts Championship
RUSSIAN CHAMPIONSHIPSOFTWARE DARTS
Since 2004 RostGMU
constantly holds the Championship
Russia among students and
Championship of Russia among
faculty and
university staff
The work was done by a student of 8 "B" class MBOU-secondary school No. 1 of the city of Arkadak, Saratov region Maxim Zenoviev Supervisor: Kuznetsova T.V. The impact of physical activity on the human body
“A person who exercises moderately and in a timely manner does not need any treatment.” Arab physician of the Middle Ages Ibn Sina
Goals and objectives: To show the impact of physical activity on human health; Explain the harm of hypodynamia; Point out the negative factors hindering the formation of physical activity.
Motor activity Motor activity affects the preservation and strengthening of human health. Physical exercises increase the overall tone and performance, as well as stimulate the body's defenses - resistance to adverse environmental influences increases, therefore, physiotherapy exercises are widely used in medical practice.
Distribution of muscle activity per day Type of load Goals pursued Morning exercises Awakening. The transition from sleep to wakefulness Dynamic exercises Develop speed, accuracy of movements, strength Statistical loads Teach the body to work with a lack of oxygen, train endurance Physical education lessons Teaching rational movements when running, walking, jumping, working on shells, skiing, skating, etc. Sport Provides a sufficient daily load on the body. Can provide a training effect
Categories of exercise Aerobic exercise increases the supply of oxygen to tissues. These are walking, running, swimming, rowing, dancing, tennis, etc. Strength exercises include strengthening and increasing muscle size. These are push-ups, weight lifting, abdominal exercises. Such exercises slow down aging. Stretching trains the flexibility and mobility of the joints. This is achieved by tilts, turns, rotations.
Hypodynamia With the development of civilization, a person has to expend less muscle effort. This leads to a decrease in motor activity - hypodynamia (from Latin Hypo - under, dynamist - strength). Hypodynamia contributes to: rapid fatigue and disorders in the activity of the nervous system; increasing excess body weight due to fat deposits; increase the risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system and contributes to constant nervous tension; metabolic disorders, which manifests itself in a deterioration in the activity of the digestive system and an increase in the layer of adipose tissue.
The benefits of motor activity Great people of all eras were convinced of the benefits of motor activity. The natural scientist M.V. Lomonosov considered it necessary to “try in every possible way to be in the movement of the body.” The outstanding commander A.V. Suvorov did gymnastics himself, tempered himself and demanded the same from the soldiers. The largest physiologist I.P. Pavlov until his last days made walks - walking, cycling and skiing. Under the influence of physical exercises, the structure and activity of all organs and organ systems are improved, efficiency is increased and health is strengthened.
Negative impact The following factors can have a negative impact on the formation of motor activity: Alcohol intake reduces the supply of carbohydrates in the muscles, which leads to a decrease in performance, and endurance deteriorates. When smoking, muscle extensibility changes and intense muscle contractions are accompanied by pain.
Conclusion Little son came to his father And asked the baby: “What is good and what is bad?” If you do exercises, If you eat salad And you don't like chocolate - Then you will find a treasure of health. If you don't want to wash your ears And you don't go to the pool, You're friends with a cigarette - So you won't find health. You need to practice in the mornings and evenings. Wash, temper, boldly engage in sports, Try to be healthy. Each of us needs this!
Motor activity of a person is one of the necessary conditions for maintaining a normal functional state of a person, a natural biological need of a person. Normal life activity of almost all human systems and functions is possible only at a certain level of physical activity.
Physical activity can reduce the risk of premature diseases and increase life expectancy. Physical activity is an integral part of a fulfilling life. It increases vitality, ensures the physical, mental and psychological well-being of a person, has a beneficial effect on his health in general and ways of a healthy lifestyle.
Physical activity is essential to stay healthy. And we must do this throughout our lives, not just in our youth or middle age. The benefits of physical training, regardless of a person's age, are enormous. Regular exercise ensures good muscle tone and strength, helps you maintain your ideal weight by burning calories, and keeps your bones strong and dense. In addition, they improve and maintain lung and heart function.
Types of exercise Strength exercises such as lifting the barbell, pulling up are aimed at increasing muscle mass and giving more strength to the muscles Cardio exercises such as cycling, running, swimming, skiing focus on increasing endurance and reducing body weight Muscle stretching exercises are aimed at improved body flexibility
Physical exercise: Accelerate the heart rate, and thereby stimulate blood circulation, providing an intensification of metabolic processes in the tissues of the body Help strengthen muscles Prevent vein expansion Give a beautiful complexion Maintain skin elasticity Help correct posture Help normalize weight Strengthen bones Give flexibility to joints and ligaments Instill a taste for regular and disciplined life.
Syrovyatkina
Vladimirovna
Teacher of physical culture of younger students
MAOU "SOSH" No. 2
Verkhnyaya Pyshma
"Providing motor activity
students with disabilities
means of physical culture"
“Health care is the most important job of a teacher. Their spiritual life, worldview, mental development, strength of knowledge depend on the cheerfulness and cheerfulness of children.
faith in one's strength"
V. A. Sukhomlinsky.
Actualization of the problem
creation of conditions for ensuring physical
and the mental well-being of every child
inclusion of parents in the educational process
for the preservation and promotion of children's health
making independent decisions in strengthening
and control of your health
Target:health promotion
and activation of the child,
his motor skills
and physical condition.
Solved Tasks:
formation of basic motor skills and abilities;
formation of a habit and interest in systematic
physical exercises;
learning self-control skills.
development of basic motor qualities;
protecting and strengthening the health of students;
Health
Morning work-out
Physical exercise during the day
Physical education lessons
Sports
Daily regime
hardening
Psychological comfort
Balanced diet
Health groups
Group I - healthy children
Group II - healthy children with morphofunctional
deviations
III group - patients with chronic diseases
in compensation
IV group - patients with chronic diseases
in the stage of subcompensation
Group V - patients with chronic diseases
in the stage of decompensation
Complexes of gymnastic exercises
A good means of health formation and prevention at physical education lessons are complexes of gymnastic exercises with objects. Also in the classroom, a lot of rearrangements, exercises for coordinating movements, orientation in space are used.
Formation of correct posture
Scoliosis prevention
The following exercises are used in physical education lessons:
for the formation of posture,
scoliosis prevention - i.e. mobilization of the spinal column
(these exercises are completed in each lesson)
Prevention of flat feet -
foot muscles are actively "working"
Prevention of obesity -
Mobility
musculoskeletal system -
active driving mode
regular physical training
strengthening
of cardio-vascular system -
Breathing exercises
aerobic exercise
plays an important role in the health of a school age child.
Approximate sets of exercises for diseases of the cardiovascular systemEXAMPLES
COMPLEXES OF EXERCISES
IN DISEASE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The leading principle in working with students with poor health is a differentiated approach, dosing the load, taking into account individual characteristics.
Approximate sets of exercises for kidney disease, nephritis, pyelonephritisEXAMPLES
COMPLEXES OF EXERCISES
IN DISEASE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
self control
cardiac
cuts
Along with general educational tasks in the process of classes, a significant place is occupied by the issues of improving and strengthening the body of those involved.
At each lesson, the heart rate (HR) is determined for students.
Self-analysis of the physical state of the body
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Physical ability |
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1st half |
2 semester |
1st half |
2 semester |
1st half |
2 semester |
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Standing long jump (cm) |
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Run 30 m (sec) |
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Cross 1 km (min) |
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Hanging on the bar (sec) |
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Push-ups (number of times) |
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Jumping rope (number of times) |
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Press 30 sec (number of times) |
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Forward bends from sitting position (cm) |
Each semester, students complete self-assessment cards of their achievements. Thus, the student learns to explore his activity and create motives for restructuring his educational activity, the student develops a desire to do the work after he has understood and accepted the task, to accustom students to constantly ask themselves: “Why is this?”, “What is required?” , “How do others do it?”, “How did they do it in the lesson?”.
Color the respiratory organs
working with proper inspiration.
Assemble the puzzle
For the 5th year since the Second Generation Standards have been introduced and the third hour of physical culture has been added, it has become necessary to conduct theoretical lessons. Such lessons are built to create an atmosphere of success for each child. Where children with poor health can also fully demonstrate their skills and knowledge. Comfortable conditions have been created at the lessons for the disclosure, realization and development of the personal potential of students, health protection and introspection. Cards that were successfully created and tested in theoretical lessons of physical culture are presented.
Verification work